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Do not fill this in! ==== Education and vocational training ==== [[File:Early Childhood Education USAID Africa.jpg|thumb|Early childhood education through [[USAID]] in [[Ziway]], Ethiopia]] [[Free education]] through [[public education]] or charitable organizations rather than through tuition, from [[early childhood education]] through the [[tertiary level]] provides children from low-income families who may not otherwise have the financial resources with better job prospects and higher earnings and promotes social mobility.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Steven Barnett |first=W. |date=1998-03-01 |title=Long-Term Cognitive and Academic Effects of Early Childhood Education on Children in Poverty |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743598902754 |journal=Preventive Medicine |language=en |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=204β207 |doi=10.1006/pmed.1998.0275 |pmid=9578996 |issn=0091-7435}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=King |first1=Mary |date=December 8, 2021 |title=A Strong Economic Case for Federal Investment in Universal Preschool |url=https://inequality.org/research/build-back-better-universal-preschool/ |access-date=2023-02-24 |publisher=Institute for Policy Studies}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=GarcΓa |first1=Rosa M. |title=Debt-Free College: Principles for Prioritizing Low-Income Students |website=Center for Law and Social Policy |date=February 2019 |url=https://www.clasp.org/sites/default/files/publications/2019/02/2019_DebtFreeCollegePrinciples.pdf |access-date=24 February 2023 |publisher=Center for Law and Social Policy |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |author=Jon Marcus |author2=Holly K. Hacker |date=2015-12-17 |title=The rich-poor divide on America's college campuses is getting wider, fast |url=http://hechingerreport.org/the-socioeconomic-divide-on-americas-college-campuses-is-getting-wider-fast/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |work=The Hechinger Report |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Job training]] and [[vocational education]] programs that target training in technical skills in specific industries or occupations that are in high demand can reduce poverty and wealth concentration.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Oh |first1=Sehun |last2=DiNitto |first2=Diana M. |last3=Kim |first3=Yeonwoo |date=2021-01-01 |title=Exiting poverty: a systematic review of U.S. postsecondary education and job skills training programs in the post-welfare reform era |journal=International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy |volume=41 |issue=11/12 |pages=1210β1226 |doi=10.1108/IJSSP-09-2020-0429 |s2cid=234253474 |issn=0144-333X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Xu |first1=Chunqiu |last2=Sun |first2=Yang |date=2021-03-25 |title=Mechanism of vocational education promoting precision poverty alleviation |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020720920983505 |journal=The International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education |volume=60 |language=en |pages=4006β4022 |doi=10.1177/0020720920983505 |s2cid=233691683 |issn=0020-7209}}</ref> Strategies to provide education cost effectively include [[deworming]] children, which costs about 50 cents per child per year and reduces non-attendance from [[anemia]], illness and malnutrition, while being only a twenty-fifth as expensive as increasing school attendance by constructing schools.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/22/books/review/Kristof-t.html?_r=1&ref=global-|title=How can we help the world's poor|publisher=NYTimes|date=20 November 2009|access-date=21 June 2011|first=Nicholas D.|last=Kristof|archive-date=15 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515194939/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/22/books/review/Kristof-t.html?_r=1&ref=global-|url-status=live}}</ref> Schoolgirl absenteeism could be cut in half by simply providing free [[sanitary towel]]s.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8488375.stm|title=Sanitary pads help Ghana girls go to school|work=BBC News|date=29 January 2010|access-date=21 June 2011|archive-date=2 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902124432/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8488375.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Paying for school meals is argued to be an efficient strategy in increasing school enrollment, reducing absenteeism and increasing student attention.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/oct/27/free-school-meals-young-learners-liberia-marys-meals|title=Free school meals a recipe for success for young learners in Liberia|work=The Guardian|date=27 October 2016|access-date=30 October 2016|archive-date=31 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031030422/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/oct/27/free-school-meals-young-learners-liberia-marys-meals|url-status=live}}</ref> Desirable actions such as enrolling children in school or receiving vaccinations can be encouraged by a form of aid known as [[conditional cash transfer]]s.<ref name=Brazil>{{cite journal|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2008/1113/p01s03-woam.html?page=1|title=Brazil becomes antipoverty showcase|journal=Christian Science Monitor|date=13 November 2008|access-date=21 June 2011|archive-date=24 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724225956/https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/2008/1113/p01s03-woam.html?page=1|url-status=live}}</ref> In Mexico, for example, dropout rates of 16- to 19-year-olds in rural area dropped by 20% and children gained half an inch in height.<ref name=csm>{{cite journal|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2009/0921/p06s10-woam.html|title=Latin America makes dent in poverty with 'conditional cash' programs|journal=Christian Science Monitor|date=21 September 2009|access-date=21 June 2011|archive-date=26 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926054924/http://www.csmonitor.com/2009/0921/p06s10-woam.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Initial fears that the program would encourage families to stay at home rather than work to collect benefits have proven to be unfounded. Instead, there is less excuse for neglectful behavior as, for example, children stopped begging on the streets instead of going to school because it could result in suspension from the program.<ref name=csm/> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page