Nashville, Tennessee Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ==Geography== ===Topography=== [[File:Nashville by Sentinel-2, 2020-07-11.jpg|alt=|thumb|Satellite image of Nashville 2020]] Nashville lies on the [[Cumberland River]] in the northwestern portion of the [[Nashville Basin]]. Nashville's elevation ranges from its lowest point, {{convert|385|ft|m|0}} [[Above mean sea level|above sea level]] at the Cumberland River,<ref name=usgs>{{cite web |url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#50 |title=Elevations of the 50 Largest Cities (by population, 1980 Census) |series=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |year=2001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723213111/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archive-date=July 23, 2011 }}</ref> to its highest point, {{convert|1163|ft|m|0}} above sea level in the [[Radnor Lake State Natural Area]].<ref name="Highest point on PeakBagger">{{cite web |url=http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=7433 |title=Davidson County High Point, Tennessee |website=PeakBagger.com |access-date=April 18, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Highest point on TNBirds">{{cite web |url=http://www.tnbirds.org/IBA/SitePages/RadnorLake.htm |title=Radnor Lake State Natural Area |work=Important Bird Areas |publisher=Tennessee Ornithological Society |date=February 19, 2006 |access-date=April 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419200242/http://www.tnbirds.org/IBA/SitePages/RadnorLake.htm |archive-date=April 19, 2017 }}</ref> Nashville also sits at the start of the [[Highland Rim]], a geophysical region of very hilly land. Because of this, Nashville is very hilly. Nashville also has some stand alone hills around the city such as the hill on which the [[Tennessee State Capitol]] building sits. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|527.9|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|504.0|sqmi}} of it is land and {{convert|23.9|sqmi}} of it (4.53%) is water. ===Cityscape=== {{See also|List of tallest buildings in Nashville}} {{wide image|Nashville skyline from Fort Negley 2018.jpg|800px|Nashville skyline, 2018}} [[File:Blue Angels honored frontline workers with formation flights over Nashville and Little Rock. (49897946906).jpg|thumb|U.S. Navy [[Blue Angels]] over Nashville in 2020]] Nashville's downtown area features a diverse assortment of entertainment, dining, cultural and architectural attractions. The Broadway and 2nd Avenue areas feature entertainment venues, night clubs and an assortment of restaurants. North of Broadway lie Nashville's central business district, Legislative Plaza, Capitol Hill and the [[Bicentennial Capitol Mall State Park|Tennessee Bicentennial Mall]]. Cultural and architectural attractions can be found throughout the city. Three major interstate highways (I-40, I-65 and I-24) converge near the core area of downtown, and many regional cities are within a day's driving distance. Nashville's first skyscraper, the [[Life & Casualty Tower]], was completed in 1957 and launched the construction of other high rises in downtown Nashville. After the construction of the [[AT&T Building (Nashville)|AT&T Building]] (commonly referred to by locals as the "Batman Building") in 1994, the downtown area saw little construction until the mid-2000s. [[The Pinnacle at Symphony Place|The Pinnacle]], a high rise office building which opened in 2010, was the first skyscraper in Nashville to be built in the preceding 15 years.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gallery: Grand opening for Pinnacle tower |work=Nashville Business Journal |date=February 11, 2010 |url=http://nashville.bizjournals.com/nashville/stories/2010/02/08/daily23.html |access-date=February 17, 2010}}</ref> Since 2000, Nashville has seen two urban construction booms (one prior to the Great Recession and the other after) that have yielded multiple high-rises (defined by Emporis as buildings of a minimum of 115 feet tall). Of the city's 33 towers of 300 feet tall or taller (as of April 2023), 24 have been completed since 2000. Of note, Nashville has a disproportionate number of buildings 300 feet and taller in relation to its overall metropolitan statistical area (MSA) population of about 2 million (2021 U.S. Census Bureau estimate). This is due, in part, to the tourism-centric city's multiple hotel towers and to many condominium towers having multiple unit owners who also own other residential properties in both Nashville and in other markets. In contrast, and for comparison, Phoenix, with an MSA population of about 4.95 million (2021 estimate) offers only 21 buildings of 300 feet and taller. Many civic and infrastructure projects are being planned, in progress, or recently completed. A new MTA bus hub was recently completed in downtown Nashville, as was the Music City Star (now known as the [[WeGo Star]]) pilot project. Several public parks have been constructed, such as the Public Square. Riverfront Park is scheduled to be extensively updated. The [[Music City Center]] opened in May 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About {{!}} nashvillemusiccitycenter.com |url=https://www.nashvillemusiccitycenter.com/about |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=www.nashvillemusiccitycenter.com}}</ref> It is a {{convert|1200000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} convention center with {{convert|350000|sqft|m2}} of exhibit space.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 22, 2019 |title=Music City Center in Nashville |url=https://www.visitmusiccity.com/meetings/music-city-center |access-date=March 1, 2024 |website=Visit Nashville TN |language=en}}</ref> ===Neighborhoods=== {{Div col|colwidth=12em|small=yes}} * 12South * [[Antioch, Tennessee|Antioch]] * Belmont-Hillsboro * [[Belle Meade, Tennessee|Belle Meade]] * [[Bellevue, Tennessee|Bellevue]] * Berry Hill * Bordeaux * [[Buena Vista Historic District (Tennessee)|Buena Vista]] * Cane Ridge * Cleveland Park * Crieve Hall * [[Donelson, Tennessee|Donelson]] * [[East Nashville, Tennessee|East Nashville]] * Edgehill * Five Points/East End * Germantown * [[Green Hills, Nashville, Tennessee|Green Hills]] * [[The Gulch, Nashville, Tennessee|The Gulch]] * [[Hermitage, Tennessee|Hermitage]] * [[Hillsboro Village]] * Hope Gardens * [[Inglewood, Nashville, Tennessee|Inglewood]] * [[Joelton, Tennessee|Joelton]] * [[Lakewood, Tennessee|Lakewood]] * [[Lockeland Springs]] * [[Madison, Tennessee|Madison]] * McFerrin Park * North Nashville * Oak Hill * [[Old Hickory, Tennessee|Old Hickory]] * Richland/Cherokee Park * SoBro * Sylvan Heights * Sylvan Park * The Nations * [[Tusculum, Nashville, Tennessee|Tusculum]] * Whitland * Woodbine * Woodland-in-Waverly * [[Whites Creek, Tennessee|Whites Creek]] * [[West Meade, Nashville, Tennessee|West Meade]] * West Nashville {{Div col end}} ===Flora=== The nearby city of [[Lebanon, Tennessee|Lebanon]] is notable and even named for its so-called "cedar glades", which occur on soils too poor to support most trees and are instead dominated by [[Juniperus virginiana|Virginian juniper]]. [[Blackberry]] bushes, [[Pinus virginiana|Virginia pine]], [[Pinus taeda|loblolly pine]], [[Sassafras albidum|sassafras]], [[Acer rubrum|red maple]], [[Betula nigra|river birch]], [[Fagus grandifolia|American beech]], [[Arundinaria gigantea|river cane]], [[Kalmia latifolia|mountain laurel]] and [[Platanus occidentalis|sycamore]] are all common native trees, along with many others.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ag.tennessee.edu/tnyards/Documents/Native_Trees_for_Tennessee.pdf |title=Native Trees for Tennessee |website=The University of Tennessee, Agricultural Extension Service |first=Larry |last=Tankersley |date=July 1998 |access-date=July 6, 2019 |archive-date=July 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190706124713/https://ag.tennessee.edu/tnyards/Documents/Native_Trees_for_Tennessee.pdf }}</ref> In addition to the native forests, the combination of hot summers, abundant rainfall and mild winters permit a wide variety of both temperate and subtropical plants to be cultivated easily. [[Magnolia grandiflora|Southern magnolia]] and cherry blossom trees are commonly cultivated here, with the city having an annual cherry blossom festival.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/opinion/2019/04/10/nashville-cherry-blossom-festival-chance-celebrate-friendship/3380269002/ |title=Nashville Cherry Blossom Festival is a chance to celebrate international friendship |work=The Tennessean |first=Hiroyuki |last=Kobayashi |date=April 9, 2019 |access-date=July 12, 2019}}</ref> [[Lagerstroemia|Crepe myrtles]] and [[Taxus|yew]] bushes are also commonly grown throughout Metro Nashville, and the winters are mild enough that [[Magnolia virginiana|sweetbay magnolia]] is evergreen whenever it is cultivated. The [[pansy]] flower is popular to plant during the autumn, and some varieties will flower overwinter in Nashville's subtropical climate. However, many hot-weather plants like [[petunia]] and even [[Cyperus papyrus|papyrus]] thrive as annuals, and [[Musa basjoo|Japanese banana]] will die aboveground during winter but re-sprout after the danger of frost is over. Unbeknownst to most Tennesseans, even [[List of hardy palms|cold-hardy palms]], particularly [[Rhapidophyllum|needle palm]] and [[Sabal minor|dwarf palmetto]], are grown uncommonly but often successfully, while the taller [[Trachycarpus fortunei|windmill palm]] is more marginal, perishing below about {{convert|5|F|C}} without protection. High desert plants like [[Picea pungens|Colorado spruce]] and [[Opuntia humifusa|prickly pear cactus]] are also grown somewhat commonly, as are ''[[Yucca filamentosa]]'' and the trunking ''[[Yucca rostrata]]''. ===Climate=== {{climate chart |Nashville, Tennessee |30|49|4.0 |33|54|4.5 |40|63|4.5 |49|73|4.7 |58|80|5.0 |66|88|4.4 |71|91|4.2 |69|90|3.8 |62|84|3.8 |50|74|3.4 |39|61|3.9 |33|52|4.4 |units = imperial |float = right |clear = both}} Nashville International Airport in Donelson has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa'', [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]] ''Cf''),<ref name="Petersen2016">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZsmrCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT228 |title=Physical Geography |publisher=Cengage Learning |first1=James F. |last1=Petersen |first2=Dorothy I. |last2=Sack |first3=Robert E. |last3=Gabler |edition=11th |page=205 |date=2016 |isbn=978-1-305-65264-4}}</ref> with hot, humid summers and generally cool winters typical of the [[Upper South]].<ref name="nash.brit.clim">{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/humid-subtropical-climate |title=Humid subtropical climate |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |date=March 14, 2016 |access-date=December 26, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Pidwirny2006">{{cite book |section-url=http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7v.html |section=Climate Classification and Climatic Regions of the World |title=Fundamentals of Physical Geography |edition=2nd |first=Michael |last=Pidwirny |date=2006}}</ref><ref name="usatoday2011">{{cite web |url=http://traveltips.usatoday.com/climate-nashville-tennessee-59007.html |title=Climate of Nashville, Tennessee |work=[[USA Today]] |series=Travel Tips |first=Amy |last=Harris |date=2011 |access-date=December 26, 2016}}</ref> Snowfall occurs during the winter months, but it is usually not heavy. Average annual snowfall is about {{convert|4.7|in|cm|0}}, falling mostly in January and February and occasionally in March, November and December.<ref name="NOAA">{{cite web |url=http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=ohx |title=NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref> The largest snow event since 2003 was on January 22, 2016, when Nashville received {{convert|8|in|cm|0}} of snow in a single storm; the largest overall was {{convert|17|in|cm|0}}, received on March 17, 1892, during the [[St. Patrick's Day Snowstorm]].<ref name="noaa-nash-snowst">{{cite web |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ohx/?n=snowstorms |title=Snowstorms Producing at Least 6" at Nashville |work=NOAA.gov |date=November 17, 2009 |access-date=December 30, 2009}}</ref> Rainfall is typically greater in solar spring (Feb-Apr) and summer (May-Jul), while the solar autumn months (Aug-Oct) are the driest on average. Spring and fall are prone to [[severe thunderstorm]]s, which may bring [[tornado]]es, large [[hail]], flash floods and damaging wind, with recent major events on [[Tornado outbreak of April 15–16, 1998|April 16, 1998]]; [[Tornado outbreak of April 6–8, 2006|April 7, 2006]]; [[2008 Super Tuesday tornado outbreak|February 5, 2008]]; [[Tornado outbreak of April 9–11, 2009|April 10, 2009]]; [[2010 Tennessee floods|May 1–2, 2010]]; and [[March 2020 Tennessee tornado outbreak|March 3, 2020]]. Relative humidity in Nashville averages 83% in the mornings and 60% in the afternoons,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityrating.com/cityhumidity.asp?City=Nashville |title=Nashville Relative Humidity |work=Cityrating.com |access-date=August 4, 2008}}</ref> which is considered moderate for the Southeastern United States.<ref>{{cite book |title=Cities of the United States |publisher=Thomson-Gale |location=Detroit |author=Gale Research |volume=1 |edition=5th |year=2006 |page=511 |isbn=0-7876-7369-2}}</ref> In recent decades, due to urban development, Nashville has developed an [[urban heat island]]; especially on cool, clear nights, temperatures are up to {{convert|10|F-change|1}} warmer in the heart of the city than in rural outlying areas. The Nashville region lies within USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 7a.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/ |title=USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |access-date=September 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227032333/http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/ |archive-date=February 27, 2014 }}</ref> From 1970 to 2020 the average summer temperature has risen 2.8 degrees F (1.5 C).<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 22, 2022 |title=An urban heat island: How average summer temperatures keep rising in Nashville |url=https://www.newschannel5.com/news/an-urban-heat-island-how-average-summer-temperatures-keep-rising-in-nashville |access-date=August 2, 2022 |website=WTVF |language=en}}</ref> Nashville's long springs and autumns combined with a diverse array of trees and grasses can often make it uncomfortable for [[allergy]] sufferers.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://tennessean.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070321/FEATURES04/703210425/1082/NEWS07 |title=Nashville's an allergy leader, but it's not alone |work=The Tennessean |first=Joy |last=Buchanan |date=March 21, 2007 |access-date=March 21, 2007}}{{dead link|date=April 2014}}</ref> In 2008, Nashville was ranked as the 26th-worst spring allergy city in the U.S. by the [[Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America]].<ref name="allergy08">{{cite web |url=http://aafa.org/pdfs/FINAL%20public%20LIST%20Spr2008.pdf |title=Spring Allergy Capitals 2008 |work=AAFA.org |access-date=April 29, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528122240/http://aafa.org/pdfs/FINAL%20public%20LIST%20Spr2008.pdf |archive-date=May 28, 2008 }}</ref> The coldest temperature ever officially recorded in Nashville was {{convert|-17|°F}} on [[Winter 1985 cold wave|January 21, 1985]], and the hottest was {{convert|109|°F}} on [[2012 North American heat wave|June 29, 2012]].<ref name="records">{{cite web |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ohx/?n=calendar |title=Calendar of Significant Weather Events in Middle Tennessee |work=NOAA.gov |date=August 3, 2009 |access-date=September 22, 2009}}</ref> Nashville allegedly had a low of {{convert|-18|°F}} on January 26, 1832, but this was decades before record-keeping began and isn't counted as the official record low.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weather.gov/ohx/calendar|title=Calendar of Significant Weather Events in Middle Tennessee}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Threshold !Number of days |- |High > 80 |139.0 |- |High > 90 |48.2 |- |Low < 32 |71.4 |- |High < 32 |7.3 |- |Low < 10 |3.0 |} ====Donelson==== The mean annual temperature at Nashville International Airport is {{convert|60.8|F|1}}. Monthly averages range from {{convert|39.6|F|1}} in January to {{convert|80.7|F|1}} in July, with a [[diurnal temperature variation]] of {{convert|18.9|to|23.7|F-change|C-change}}. Diurnal temperature variation is highest in April and lowest in December, but it is also relatively high in October and relatively low in January. Donelson's climate classifications are [[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa'' and [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]] ''Cfak'' thanks to its very hot summers (average over {{convert|71.6|F|1}}), mild winters (average over {{convert|32.0|F|1}}) and long (8+ months) growing seasons (average over {{convert|50.0|F|1}}). Precipitation is abundant year-round without any major difference, but there is still slight variation. The wet season runs from February through July, reaching its zenith in May with 128 mm of rain. The dry season runs from August through January with an October nadir of 85 mm and secondary December peak of 113 mm. {{Nashville, Tennessee weatherbox|NOAA=Weather information}} ====Old Hickory==== The mean annual temperature at Old Hickory Dam is {{convert|58.5|F|1}}. Monthly averages range from {{convert|37.1|F|1}} in January to {{convert|78.6|F|1}} in August, with a [[diurnal temperature variation]] of {{convert|19.8|to|26.3|F-change|C-change}}. Diurnal temperature variation is highest in April and lowest in January. Old Hickory's climate classifications are [[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa'' and [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]] ''DOak'' thanks to its very hot summers (average over {{convert|71.6|F|1}}), mild winters (average over {{convert|32.0|F|1}}) and mediocre (4–7 months) growing seasons (average over {{convert|50.0|F|1}}). Precipitation is abundant year-round without any major difference, but there is still slight variation. The wet season runs from February through July, reaching its zenith in April with 120 mm of rain. The dry season runs from August through January with an October/November nadir of 85 mm and secondary December peak of 113 mm. Data for record temperatures is spotty before June 2007, but temperatures in Old Hickory have been known to range from {{convert|-10|F|1}} in January 1966 to {{convert|106|F|1}} in June and July 2012. {{Weather box |location = Old Hickory Dam, TN (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1965–present)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=ohx|title = Climate}}</ref> |collapsed = Y |single line = Y |Jan record high F = 73 |Feb record high F = 79 |Mar record high F = 86 |Apr record high F = 91 |May record high F = 94 |Jun record high F = 106 |Jul record high F = 106 |Aug record high F = 105 |Sep record high F = 101 |Oct record high F = 96 |Nov record high F = 87 |Dec record high F = 76 |year record high F = |Jan avg record high F = 67 |Feb avg record high F = 72 |Mar avg record high F = 79 |Apr avg record high F = 86 |May avg record high F = 91 |Jun avg record high F = 96 |Jul avg record high F = 97 |Aug avg record high F = 97 |Sep avg record high F = 95 |Oct avg record high F = 88 |Nov avg record high F = 77 |Dec avg record high F = 69 |year avg record high F = 99 |Jan high F = 47.0 |Feb high F = 51.4 |Mar high F = 60.5 |Apr high F = 71.3 |May high F = 78.9 |Jun high F = 86.1 |Jul high F = 89.9 |Aug high F = 90.2 |Sep high F = 83.4 |Oct high F = 72.1 |Nov high F = 60.1 |Dec high F = 50.2 |year high F = 70.1 |Jan mean F = 37.1 |Feb mean F = 40.7 |Mar mean F = 48.6 |Apr mean F = 58.2 |May mean F = 66.9 |Jun mean F = 75.1 |Jul mean F = 78.5 |Aug mean F = 78.6 |Sep mean F = 71.6 |Oct mean F = 59.7 |Nov mean F = 47.9 |Dec mean F = 39.5 |year mean F = 58.5 |Jan low F = 27.2 |Feb low F = 30.0 |Mar low F = 36.8 |Apr low F = 45.0 |May low F = 54.9 |Jun low F = 64.1 |Jul low F = 67.0 |Aug low F = 67.0 |Sep low F = 59.8 |Oct low F = 47.2 |Nov low F = 35.7 |Dec low F = 28.8 |year low F = 47.0 |Jan avg record low F = 10 |Feb avg record low F = 13 |Mar avg record low F = 21 |Apr avg record low F = 31 |May avg record low F = 40 |Jun avg record low F = 54 |Jul avg record low F = 59 |Aug avg record low F = 58 |Sep avg record low F = 48 |Oct avg record low F = 33 |Nov avg record low F = 22 |Dec avg record low F = 17 |year avg record low F = 9 |Jan record low F = -10 |Feb record low F = 0 |Mar record low F = 8 |Apr record low F = 21 |May record low F = 34 |Jun record low F = 47 |Jul record low F = 52 |Aug record low F = 54 |Sep record low F = 36 |Oct record low F = 26 |Nov record low F = 14 |Dec record low F = 6 |year record low F = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation inch = 3.73 |Feb precipitation inch = 4.26 |Mar precipitation inch = 4.64 |Apr precipitation inch = 4.74 |May precipitation inch = 4.55 |Jun precipitation inch = 3.76 |Jul precipitation inch = 4.05 |Aug precipitation inch = 3.38 |Sep precipitation inch = 3.70 |Oct precipitation inch = 3.33 |Nov precipitation inch = 3.35 |Dec precipitation inch = 4.44 |year precipitation inch = 47.93 |snow colour = |Jan snow inch = 0.6 |Feb snow inch = 0.3 |Mar snow inch = 0.2 |Apr snow inch = 0 |May snow inch = 0 |Jun snow inch = 0 |Jul snow inch = 0 |Aug snow inch = 0 |Sep snow inch = 0 |Oct snow inch = 0 |Nov snow inch = 0 |Dec snow inch = 0.1 |year snow inch = 1.2 |source 1 = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=ohx }} Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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