Communism Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! === Reception === Emily Morris from [[University College London]] wrote that because [[Karl Marx]]'s writings have inspired many movements, including the [[Russian Revolution of 1917]], communism is "commonly confused with the political and economic system that developed in the Soviet Union" after the revolution.{{r|Morris}}<ref group="lower-alpha">{{harvp|Morgan|2015|ps=: "Communist ideas have acquired a new meaning since 1918. They became equivalent to the ideas of Marxism–Leninism, that is, the interpretation of Marxism by Lenin and his successors. Endorsing the final objective, namely, the creation of a community owning means of production and providing each of its participants with consumption 'according to their needs', they put forward the recognition of the class struggle as a dominating principle of a social development. In addition, workers (i.e., the proletariat) were to carry out the mission of reconstruction of the society. Conducting a socialist revolution headed by the avant-garde of the proletariat, that is, the party, was hailed to be a historical necessity. Moreover, the introduction of the proletariat dictatorship was advocated and hostile classes were to be liquidated."}}</ref> Morris also wrote that Soviet-style communism "did not 'work'." due to "an over-centralised, oppressive, bureaucratic and rigid economic and political system."{{r|Morris}} Historian Andrzej Paczkowski summarized communism as "an ideology that seemed clearly the opposite, that was based on the secular desire of humanity to achieve equality and social justice, and that promised a great leap forward into freedom."{{sfn|Paczkowski|2001|pp=32–33}} In contrast, Austrian-American economist [[Ludwig von Mises]] argued that by abolishing free markets, [[Economic calculation problem|communist officials would not have the price system]] necessary to guide their planned production.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Greaves |first=Bettina Bien |date=1 March 1991 |title=Why Communism Failed |url=https://fee.org/articles/why-communism-failed/ |access-date=13 August 2023 |website=[[Foundation for Economic Education]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Anti-communism]] developed as soon as communism became a conscious political movement in the 19th century, and [[anti-communist mass killings]] have been reported against alleged communists, or their alleged supporters, which were committed by anti-communists and political organizations or governments opposed to communism. The communist movement has faced opposition since it was founded and the opposition to it has often been organized and violent. Many of these anti-communist mass killing campaigns, primarily during the Cold War,<ref name="Aarons 2007">{{cite book |last=Aarons |first=Mark |url=http://www.brill.com/legacy-nuremberg-civilising-influence-or-institutionalised-vengeance |title=The Legacy of Nuremberg: Civilising Influence or Institutionalised Vengeance? (International Humanitarian Law) |date=2007 |publisher=[[Martinus Nijhoff Publishers]] |isbn=978-9004156913 |editor1-last=Blumenthal |editor1-first=David A. |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dg0hWswKgTIC&pg=PA71 71], [https://books.google.com/books?id=dg0hWswKgTIC&pg=PA81 80–81] |chapter=Justice Betrayed: Post-1945 Responses to Genocide |access-date=28 June 2021 |editor2-last=McCormack |editor2-first=Timothy L. H. |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dg0hWswKgTIC&pg=PA69 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105053952/http://www.brill.com/legacy-nuremberg-civilising-influence-or-institutionalised-vengeance |archive-date=5 January 2016}}</ref>{{sfn|Bevins|2020b}} were supported by the United States and its [[Western Bloc]] allies,<ref>{{cite book |last=Blakeley |first=Ruth |date=2009 |title=State Terrorism and Neoliberalism: The North in the South |url=http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415462402/ |publisher=[[Routledge]] |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=rft8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA4 4], [https://books.google.com/books?id=rft8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA20 20–23], [https://books.google.com/books?id=rft8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA88 88] |isbn=978-0-415-68617-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=McSherry |first1=J. Patrice |author1-link=J. Patrice McSherry |editor1-last=Esparza |editor1-first=Marcia |editor2-first=Henry R. |editor2-last=Huttenbach |editor3-first=Daniel |editor3-last=Feierstein |title=State Violence and Genocide in Latin America: The Cold War Years (Critical Terrorism Studies) |chapter=Chapter 5: 'Industrial repression' and Operation Condor in Latin America |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=acGNAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA107 107] |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-415-66457-8 |url=https://www.routledge.com/State-Violence-and-Genocide-in-Latin-America-The-Cold-War-Years/Esparza-Huttenbach-Feierstein/p/book/9780415496377}}</ref> including those who were formally part of the [[Non-Aligned Movement]], such as the [[Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66]] and [[Operation Condor]] in South America.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Bevins |first=Vincent |author-link=Vincent Bevins |date=18 May 2020a |url=https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2020/05/18/how-jakarta-became-the-codeword-for-us-backed-mass-killing/ |title=How 'Jakarta' Became the Codeword for US-Backed Mass Killing |magazine=The New York Review of Books |access-date=15 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Prashad |first=Vijay |author-link=Vijay Prashad |date=2020 |title=Washington Bullets: A History of the CIA, Coups, and Assassinations |publisher=[[Monthly Review|Monthly Review Press]] |page=87 |isbn=978-1583679067}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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