Cold War Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ===French withdrawal from NATO military structures=== {{Main|Foreign policy of Charles de Gaulle#Partial withdrawal from NATO in 1966}} The unity of NATO was breached early in its history, with a crisis occurring during [[Charles de Gaulle]]'s presidency of France. De Gaulle protested at the strong role of the United States in the organization and what he perceived as a [[Special Relationship|special relationship]] between the United States and the United Kingdom. In a memorandum sent to President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] and Prime Minister [[Harold Macmillan]] on 17 September 1958, he argued for the creation of a tripartite directorate that would put France on an equal footing with the United States and the United Kingdom, and also for the expansion of NATO's coverage to include geographical areas of interest to France, most notably [[French Algeria]], where France was waging a counter-insurgency and sought NATO assistance.{{sfn|Menon|2000|p=11}} De Gaulle considered the response he received to be unsatisfactory and began the development of an [[Force de dissuasion|independent French nuclear deterrent]]. In 1966, he withdrew France from NATO's military structures and expelled NATO troops from French soil.{{sfn|Nuenlist|Locher|Martin|2010|pp=99β102}} Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page