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Do not fill this in! ==Economy== {{Main|Economy of Haiti}} [[File:GDP per capita develoment of Haiti.svg|thumb|right|Historical GDP per capita development]] Haiti has a highly regulated, predominantly state-controlled economy, ranking 145th out of the 177 countries given a "[[freedom index]]" by the [[The Heritage Foundation|Heritage Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.heritage.org/index/ranking|title=Country Rankings: World & Global Economy Rankings on Economic Freedom|website=www.heritage.org|accessdate=1 September 2023|archive-date=5 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705085015/https://www.heritage.org/index/ranking|url-status=dead}}</ref> Haiti's per capita [[GDP]] is $1,800 and its GDP is $19.97 billion (2017 estimates).<ref name="CIA World Factbook – Haiti"/> The country uses the [[Haitian gourde]] as its currency. Despite its tourism industry, Haiti is one of the poorest countries in the Americas, with corruption, political instability, poor infrastructure, lack of health care and lack of education cited as the main causes.<ref name="CIA World Factbook – Haiti"/> Unemployment is high and many Haitians seek to emigrate. Trade declined dramatically after the 2010 earthquake and subsequent [[2010 Haiti cholera outbreak|outbreak of cholera]], with the country's [[Gross domestic product#Cross-border comparison and purchasing power parity|purchasing power parity GDP]] falling by 8% (from US$12.15 billion to US$11.18 billion).<ref name="CIA_20110303">{{cite web |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |work=[[The World Factbook]] |title=Haiti |date=22 September 2021 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/haiti/}}</ref> Haiti ranked 145th of 182 countries in the 2010 United Nations [[Human Development Index]], with 57.3% of the population being deprived in at least three of the HDI's poverty measures.<ref name="UNDP_2010">{{cite web |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423024550/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/HTI.html |archive-date=23 April 2011 |url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/HTI.html |title=International Human Development Indicators: Haiti |year=2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Following the disputed 2000 election and accusations about President Aristide's rule,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wow509.com/news/jean-bertrand-aristide-net-worth/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141016002417/http://www.wow509.com/news/jean-bertrand-aristide-net-worth/|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 October 2014|title=Jean Bertrand Aristide net worth|work=WOW509|access-date=16 October 2014}}</ref> US aid to the Haitian government was cut off between 2001 and 2004.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.boston.com/news/nation/washington/articles/2004/03/07/before_fall_of_aristide_haiti_hit_by_aid_cutoff/ |title=Before fall of Aristide, Haiti hit by aid cutoff by |author=Farah Stockman |publisher=Boston.com |date=7 March 2004 |access-date=24 July 2013}}</ref> After Aristide's departure in 2004, aid was restored and the [[Brazilian army]] led a [[United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti]] peacekeeping operation. After almost four years of recession, the economy grew by 1.5% in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/haiti/economy/|title=Haiti: Economy|publisher=Michigan State University}}</ref> In September 2009, Haiti met the conditions set out by the [[IMF]] and [[World Bank]]'s [[Heavily Indebted Poor Countries]] program to qualify for cancellation of its external debt.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2009/cr09288.pdf |title=Haiti: Enhanced Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries |publisher=International Monetary Fund |date=September 2009 |access-date=24 July 2013}}</ref> More than 90 percent of the government's budget comes from an agreement with [[Petrocaribe]], a Venezuela-led oil alliance.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritage.org/index/pdf/2015/countries/haiti.pdf |title=Haiti Economy |access-date=11 April 2015 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102170139/https://www.heritage.org/index/pdf/2015/countries/haiti.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Foreign aid=== {{Further|Foreign aid to Haiti}} Haiti received more than US$4 billion in aid from 1990 to 2003, including US$1.5 billion from the United States.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Thomson Reuters Foundation |url=http://www.trust.org/item/20090928173400-eslm0/ |title=Haiti's aid controversy |author=Anastasia Moloney |date=28 September 2009 |access-date=24 July 2013 |archive-date=22 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722215735/http://www.trust.org/item/20090928173400-eslm0/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The largest donor is the US, followed by [[Canada]] and the [[European Union]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/21/world/1-billion-is-pledged-to-help-haiti-rebuild-topping-request.html |title=$1 Billion Is Pledged to Help Haiti Rebuild, Topping Request |author=Christopher Marquis | work = [[The New York Times]] |date=21 July 2004 |access-date=24 July 2013}}</ref> In January 2010, following the earthquake, US President [[Barack Obama]] promised US$1.15 billion in assistance.<ref>{{cite news|first=Jonathan M.|last=Katz|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2010/04/11/haitis-police-struggle-control-ravaged-capital/|title=Haiti's police struggle to control ravaged capital|agency=Associated Press|date=11 April 2010|work=Fox News|access-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015232317/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2010/04/11/haitis-police-struggle-control-ravaged-capital/|archive-date=15 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> European Union nations pledged more than €400 million (US$616 million).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.news.yahoo.com/18/20100118/twl-haiti-fears-grows-despite-surge-in-r-4bdc673.html |title=Haiti fears grows despite surge in relief effort |work=[[Yahoo! News]] |date=18 January 2009 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Neighboring [[Dominican Republic]] has also provided extensive humanitarian aid to Haiti, including the funding and construction of a public university,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://elnuevodiario.com.do/app/article.aspx?id=272087|title=Universidad de Haití donada por RD se llamará ahora 'Roi Henry I'|work=El Nuevo Diario|access-date=20 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806181826/http://elnuevodiario.com.do/app/article.aspx?id=272087|archive-date=6 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> human capital, free healthcare services in the border region, and logistical support after the 2010 earthquake.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://es.globalvoices.org/2010/01/16/republica-dominicana-ayuda-a-su-vecino-haiti-despues-del-terremoto/ |title=República Dominicana: Ayuda a su vecino Haití después del terremoto |access-date=20 July 2016}}</ref> The United Nations states that US$13.34 billion has been earmarked for post-earthquake reconstruction through 2020, though two years after the 2010 quake, less than half of that amount had actually been released. {{As of|2015}}, the US government has allocated US$4 billion, US$3 billion has already been spent, and the rest is dedicated to longer-term projects.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/investigations/what-does-haiti-have-show-13-billion-earthquake-aid-n281661|title=What does Haiti have to show for the US$13 billion in earthquake aid?-NBC News.com |website=[[NBC News]] |date= January 2015 }}</ref> ===Trade=== According to the 2015 CIA [[World Factbook]], Haiti's main import partners are: Dominican Republic 35%, US 26.8%, Netherlands Antilles 8.7%, China 7% (est. 2013). Haiti's main export partner is the US 83.5% (est. 2013).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/haiti/|title=The World Factbook|work=cia.gov|access-date=24 May 2015}}</ref> Haiti had a trade deficit of US$3 billion in 2011, or 41% of GDP.<ref name="ammart">{{cite web |last=Watkins |first=Tate |title=How Haiti's Future Depends on American Markets |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/05/how-haitis-future-depends-on-american-markets/275682/ |work=The Atlantic |date=8 May 2013 |access-date=24 July 2013}}</ref> ===Energy=== {{Main|Electricity sector in Haiti}} [[File:Haiti electricity production.svg|thumb|Haiti electricity production by source]] Haiti relies heavily on an oil alliance with [[Petrocaribe]] for much of its energy requirements. In recent years, hydroelectric, solar and wind energy have been explored as possible sustainable energy sources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.clintonfoundation.org/our-work/clinton-foundation-haiti/programs/powering-haiti-clean-energy|title=Powering Haiti with Clean Energy|accessdate=1 September 2023}}</ref> [[File:Power plant in Port-au-Prince.JPEG|thumb|Power plant in Port-au-Prince]] As of 2017, among all the countries in the Americas, Haiti is producing the least energy. Less than a quarter of the country has electric coverage.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=May 2017|title=The Haiti Sustainable Energy Programme|url=https://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/UNEP_Haiti_sustainable_energy.pdf|journal=UNEP|access-date=14 December 2018|archive-date=12 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912080359/https://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/UNEP_Haiti_sustainable_energy.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Most regions of Haiti that do have energy are powered by generators. These generators are often expensive and produce a lot of pollution. The areas that do get electricity experience power cuts on a daily basis, and some areas are limited to 12 hours of electricity a day. Electricity is provided by a small number of independent companies: Sogener, E-power, and Haytrac.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Pauyo|first=Jean|date=March 2017|title=Transmitting and Distributing Electricity in Haiti|url=https://www.copenhagenconsensus.com/sites/default/files/electricity_grid_pauyo_english.pdf|journal=Copenhagen Consensus Center|access-date=18 February 2019|archive-date=12 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912080409/https://www.copenhagenconsensus.com/sites/default/files/electricity_grid_pauyo_english.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> There is no [[national electricity grid]].<ref name=":02">Matthew Lucky, Katie Auth, Alexander Ochs, et al., Haiti Sustainable Energy Roadmap: Harnessing Domestic Energy Resources to Build an Affordable, Reliable, and Climate-Compatible Electricity System (Washington, DC: Worldwatch Institute, 2014).</ref> The most common source of energy is wood, along with charcoal. About 4 million metric tons of wood products are consumed yearly.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usaid.gov/haiti/energy|title=Energy|date=16 August 2018|publisher=U.S. Agency for International Development|access-date=5 January 2019|archive-date=12 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912080412/https://www.usaid.gov/haiti/energy|url-status=dead}}</ref> Like charcoal and wood, petroleum is also an important source of energy. Since Haiti cannot produce its own fuel, all fuel is imported. Yearly, around 691,000 tons of oil is imported into the country.<ref name=":02" /> In 2018, a 24-hour electricity project was announced; for this purpose 236 MW needs to installed in Port-au-Prince alone, with an additional 75 MW needed in all other regions. Presently only 27.5% of the population has access to electricity; moreover, the national energy agency l'Électricité d'Haïti (Ed'H) is only able to meet 62% of overall electricity demand.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vantbefinfo.com/energie-le-projet-delectrification-24-24-presente-aux-citoyens-haitiens/|title=Vant Bèf Info Énergie : le projet d'électrification 24/24 présenté aux Citoyens haïtiens -|date=31 October 2018|work=Vant Bèf Info|access-date=4 November 2018|language=fr-FR|archive-date=5 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105012118/https://www.vantbefinfo.com/energie-le-projet-delectrification-24-24-presente-aux-citoyens-haitiens/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Personal income=== [[File:CapHaitienMarche.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|A market in [[Cap-Haïtien]]]] Haiti suffers from a shortage of skilled labor, widespread unemployment, and underemployment. Most Haitians in the labor force have informal jobs. Three-quarters of the population lives on US$2 or less per day.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/haiti/|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=cia.gov|access-date=12 December 2016}}</ref> [[Remittances]] from Haitians living abroad are the primary source of foreign exchange, equaling one-fifth (20%) of GDP and more than five times the earnings from exports as of 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/haiti/ |work=cia.gov |access-date=24 May 2015}}</ref> In 2004, 80% or more of college graduates from Haiti were living abroad.<ref>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423034022/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:21109448~pagePK:64257043~piPK:437376~theSitePK:4607,00.html?cid=3001 |archive-date=23 April 2011 |url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:21109448~pagePK:64257043~piPK:437376~theSitePK:4607,00.html?cid=3001 |publisher=[[World Bank]] |title=Latin America Shouldn't Bet Everything On Remittances |date=31 October 2006 |url-status=live }}</ref> Occasionally, families who are unable to care for children may send them to live with a wealthier family as a ''[[restavek]]'', or [[house servant]]. In return the family are supposed to ensure that the child is educated and provided with food and shelter; however, the system is open to abuse and has proved controversial, with some likening it to child slavery.<ref name="kennedy14">{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1353/hrq.2014.0059| title = Toward Effective Intervention for Haiti's Former Child Slaves| journal = Human Rights Quarterly| volume = 36| issue = 4| pages = 756–778| year = 2014| last1 = Kennedy | first1 = C. L. | s2cid = 144412249}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.haiti-now.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Report-Haiti-Child-Domestic-Workers-31072015.pdf|title=Child Domestic Workers in Haiti 2014|last=Sommerfelt|first=Tone|date=October 2014|website=haiti-now.org}}{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ===Real estate=== In rural areas, people often live in wooden huts with corrugated iron roofs. Outhouses are located in back of the huts. In Port-au-Prince, colorful [[shantytowns]] surround the central city and go up the mountainsides.<ref name="c151222">{{Cite news | first=Nathalie | last=Gagnon-Joseph | title=On sports, treasure hunting, and life | url=https://bartonchronicle.com/a-week-in-haiti-on-sports-treasure-hunting-and-life/ | newspaper=The Chronicle | location=Barton, Vermont | pages=28A, 29A | date=22 December 2015 | access-date=29 December 2015 | archive-date=1 January 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101024149/https://bartonchronicle.com/a-week-in-haiti-on-sports-treasure-hunting-and-life/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><!---the softcopy requires a subscription. Sorry. There is no softcopy alternative--> The middle and upper classes live in suburbs, or in the central part of the bigger cities in apartments, where there is urban planning. Many of the houses they live in are like miniature fortresses, located behind walls embedded with metal spikes, barbed wire, broken glass, and sometimes all three. The houses have backup generators, because the electrical grid is unreliable. Some even have rooftop reservoirs for water.<ref name="c151222" /> ===Agriculture=== {{Further|Agriculture in Haiti}} [[File:Amid rows of cabbage, Haiti.jpg|thumb|Rows of cabbage, Haiti]] Haiti is the world's leading producer of [[Chrysopogon zizanioides|vetiver]], a root plant used to make luxury perfumes, essential oils and fragrances, providing for half the world's supply.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tradeforum.org/Frager-Haiti-shortening-the-perfume-chain-to-become-world-number-one/ |title=Frager, Haiti: shortening the perfume chain to become world number one |editor1=International Trade Centre |editor2=International Trade Forum |access-date=12 April 2015 |archive-date=12 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912133256/https://www.tradeforum.org/Frager-Haiti-shortening-the-perfume-chain-to-become-world-number-one/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/mar/04/chanel-perfume-legislation-guerlain-loreal |title=Perfume manufacturers must cope with the scarcity of precious supplies |work=The Guardian |date=4 March 2014 |access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.fida-pch.org/index.php?p=stories.View&story=11 |title=FEATURE-Perfumers promote fair trade for Haiti's 'super-crop' |last=Adams |first= David |date=24 April 2014 |work=Reuters UK |access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref> Roughly 40–50% of Haitians work in the agricultural sector.<ref name="CIA World Factbook – Haiti"/><ref name="feedh" /> However, according to soil surveys by the United States Department of Agriculture in the early 1980s, only 11.3 percent of the land was highly suitable for crops. Haiti relies upon imports for half its food needs and 80% of its rice.<ref name="feedh">{{cite news |title=Feeding Haiti: A new menu |url=https://www.economist.com/news/americas/21579875-government-tries-load-up-plates-poorest-people-americas-new-menu | newspaper = [[The Economist]] |access-date=24 July 2013 |date=22 June 2013}}</ref> Haiti exports crops such as [[mango]]es, [[cocoa bean|cacao]], [[coffee]], [[papaya]]s, [[mahogany]] nuts, [[spinach]], and [[watercress]].<ref name="ute.gouv.ht">{{cite web|url=http://www.ute.gouv.ht/caracol/images/stories/docs/environmental%20assessment%20of%20the%20usaidhaiti%20north%20park%20power%20project.pdf |title=Environmental Accessment of the USAID/Haiti North Park Power Project |page=23 |publisher=USAID |year=2011 |access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref> Agricultural products constitute 6% of all exports.<ref name="ammart" /> In addition, local agricultural products include [[maize]], [[beans]], [[cassava]], [[sweet potato]], [[peanut]]s, [[pistachio]]s, [[banana]]s, [[millet]], [[pigeon pea]]s, sugarcane, [[rice]], [[sorghum]], and [[wood]].<ref name="ute.gouv.ht" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indexmundi.com/haiti/economy_profile.html|title=Haiti Economy Profile 2016|access-date=14 December 2016}}</ref> ===Currency=== {{Main|Haitian gourde}} The [[Haitian gourde]] (HTG) is the national currency. The "[[Haitian gourde|Haitian dollar]]" equates to 5 gourdes (''goud''), which is a fixed exchange rate that exists in concept ''only'', but are commonly used as informal prices.{{Citation needed|date=September 2019}} The vast majority of the business sector and individuals will also accept US dollars, though at the outdoor markets gourdes may be preferred. Locals may refer to the USD as "dollar américain" (''dola ameriken'') or "dollar US" (pronounced ''oo-es'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haitihub.com/download/Money-Matters-in-Haiti.pdf |title=All About Money: Gourdes, Dollars and Sense for Work and Life in Haiti|publisher=haitihub.com |access-date=16 February 2014}}</ref> ===Tourism=== {{Main|Tourism in Haiti}} [[File:Labadee.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|[[Labadee]], a cruise ship destination]] The tourism market in Haiti is undeveloped and the government is heavily promoting this sector. Haiti has many of the features that attract tourists to other Caribbean destinations, such as white sand beaches, mountainous scenery and a year-round warm climate. However, the country's poor image overseas, at times exaggerated, has hampered the development of this sector.<ref name="Encylopedia Britannica - Haiti"/> In 2014, the country received 1,250,000 tourists (mostly from cruise ships), and the industry generated US$200 million in 2014.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}} Several hotels were opened in 2014, including an upscale [[Best Western#Differentiation|Best Western Premier]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.traveldailynews.com/news/article/52973/best-western-international-targets-120 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125201322/http://www.traveldailynews.com/news/article/52973/best-western-international-targets-120 |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 January 2013 |title=Best Western International targets 120 new hotel projects in 2013 |publisher=Traveldailynews.com |access-date=24 July 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.travelpulse.com/news/destinations/dispatch-good-times-in-haiti.html | title=Dispatch: Good Times in Haiti | last=Major | first=Brian | work=[[TravelPulse]] |date=9 December 2014 }}</ref> a five-star Royal Oasis hotel by Occidental Hotel and Resorts in [[Pétion-Ville]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/caribbean/articles/Haiti-returns-to-the-tourist-map/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/caribbean/articles/Haiti-returns-to-the-tourist-map/ |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Haiti returns to the tourist map |editor=Thomson, Ian |date=27 July 2014 |work=The Telegraph |access-date=13 February 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/26/travel/haiti-an-unlikely-location-for-luxury.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/26/travel/haiti-an-unlikely-location-for-luxury.html |archive-date=2 January 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=An Unlikely Location for Luxury |editor=Lall, Gay Nagle |date=22 May 2013 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=13 February 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.travelweekly.com/Caribbean-Travel/Tourism-minister-plan-is-to-reveal-hidden-beauty-of-Haiti |title=Tourism minister's plan aims to reveal Haiti's 'hidden beauty' |editor=Myers, Gay Nagle |date=21 May 2013 |work=Travel Weekly |access-date=13 February 2017}}</ref> a four-star [[Marriott International|Marriott Hotel]] in the Turgeau area of Port-au-Prince<ref>{{cite news|author=with Barbara De Lollis |url=http://travel.usatoday.com/hotels/post/2011/11/marriott-announces-first-hotel-in-haiti-port-au-prince/574010/1 |title=Marriott announces first hotel in Haiti |publisher=Travel.usatoday.com |date=29 November 2011 |access-date=24 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626145655/http://travel.usatoday.com/hotels/post/2011/11/marriott-announces-first-hotel-in-haiti-port-au-prince/574010/1 |archive-date=26 June 2012 }}</ref> and other new hotel developments in Port-au-Prince, [[Les Cayes]], [[Cap-Haïtien]] and [[Jacmel]].{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} ===Caracol Industrial Park=== On 21 October 2012, Haitian President [[Michel Martelly]], US Secretary of State [[Hillary Clinton]], Bill Clinton, [[Richard Branson]], [[Ben Stiller]] and [[Sean Penn]] inaugurated the {{convert|600|acre|ha|adj=on|order=flip|sigfig=2}} Caracol industrial park, the largest in the [[Caribbean]].<ref name="usatoday.com">{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2012/10/22/clinton-haiti-earthquake/1650763/ |title=Clintons land in Haiti to showcase industrial park | work = [[USA Today]] |date= 22 October 2012 |access-date= 11 January 2014}}</ref> The project cost US$300 million and included a 10-megawatt [[power plant]], a water-treatment plant and worker housing.<ref name="usatoday.com" /> The plan for the park pre-dated the 2010 earthquake but was fast-tracked as part of US foreign aid strategy to help Haiti recover.<ref name="bostonreview">{{cite news |url=https://www.bostonreview.net/articles/jake-johnston-haiti-earthquake-aid-caracol/ | title=Outsourcing Haiti | work = [[Boston Review]] | date = 16 January 2014 | access-date = 24 March 2024}}</ref> The park was part of a "master plan" for Haiti's North and North-East departments, including the expansion of the [[Cap-Haïtien International Airport]] to accommodate large international flights, the construction of an international seaport in [[Fort-Liberté]] and the opening of the $50 million Roi Henri Christophe Campus of a new university in Limonade (near Cap-Haïtien) on 12 January 2012.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/haiti-clinton-caracol-idUSL1E8LM3BF20121022 |title=Clintons preside at star-studded opening of Haitian industrial park |publisher=Reuters.com |date=22 October 2012 |access-date=24 July 2013 |archive-date=19 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130619104102/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/10/22/haiti-clinton-caracol-idUSL1E8LM3BF20121022 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2012, [[United States Agency for International Development|USAID]] believed the park had the potential to create as many as 65,000 jobs once fully developed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspolicy.be/headline/state-dept-fact-sheet-haitis-caracol-industrial-park |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150421070053/http://www.uspolicy.be/headline/state-dept-fact-sheet-haitis-caracol-industrial-park |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 April 2015 |title=State Dept. Fact Sheet on Haiti's Caracol Industrial Park |publisher=US Policy |date=22 October 2012 |access-date=20 April 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usaid.gov/haiti/caracol-industrial-park |title=Caracol Industrial Park |publisher=USAID |year=2014 |access-date=20 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219063300/http://www.usaid.gov/haiti/caracol-industrial-park |archive-date=19 February 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[South Korea]]n clothing manufacturer [[Sae-A Trading Co. Ltd]], the park's only major tenant, created 5,000 permanent jobs out of the 20,000 it had projected and promised to build 5,000 houses yet only 750 homes had been built near Caracol by 2014.<ref name="bostonreview" /> Ten years later, the park was considered to have failed to uphold its promise to deliver the transformation the Clintons had promised.<ref name="guardiancaracol">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/11/haiti-and-the-failed-promise-of-us-aid |title=Haiti and the failed promise of US aid | work = [[The Guardian]] | date =11 October 2019 | access-date = 24 March 2024}}</ref> The US invested tens of millions of dollars into the port project but eventually abandoned it.<ref name="guardiancaracol" /> In order to establish the park, hundreds of families of small farmers had to be removed from the land, approximately 3,500 people overall.<ref name="buzzfeed">{{cite news |url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/karlazabludovsky/haiti-industrial-park-caracol | title=These Haitians Were Children When A US-Funded Project Evicted Them | work = [[Buzzfeed]] | date=15 June 2022 | access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> An audit by the [[United States Government Accountability Office]] uncovered that the port project lacked "staff with technical expertise in planning, construction, and oversight of a port" and revealed that [[USAid]] hadn't constructed a port anywhere since the 1970s.<ref name="guardiancaracol" /> A USAid feasability study in 2015 found that "a new port was not viable for a variety of technical, environmental and economic reasons", that the US was short US$72m in funds to cover the majority of the projected costs, and that private companies USAid had wanted to attact "had no interest in supporting the construction of a new port in northern Haiti".<ref name="guardiancaracol" /> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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