Child sexual abuse Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ====Posttraumatic stress disorder==== {{Main|Dissociation (psychology)|Posttraumatic stress disorder}} [[Child abuse]], including sexual abuse, especially chronic abuse starting at early ages, has been found to be related to the development of high levels of dissociative symptoms, which includes amnesia for abuse memories.<ref name=chu>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chu JA, Frey LM, Ganzel BL, Matthews JA |title=Memories of childhood abuse: dissociation, amnesia, and corroboration |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=156 |issue=5 |pages=749β55 |date=May 1999 |pmid=10327909 |url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10327909 |doi=10.1176/ajp.156.5.749|s2cid=24262943 }}</ref> When severe sexual abuse (penetration, several perpetrators, lasting more than one year) had occurred, dissociative symptoms were even more prominent.<ref name=draijer>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Draijer N, Langeland W |title=Childhood trauma and perceived parental dysfunction in the etiology of dissociative symptoms in psychiatric inpatients |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_1999-03_156_3/page/379 |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=156 |issue=3 |pages=379β85 |date=March 1999 |pmid=10080552 |doi=10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.08.018|s2cid=14670794 }}</ref> Recent research showed that females with high exposure to child sexual abuse (CSA) develop PTSD symptoms that are associated with poor social functioning, which is also supported by prior research studies.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = McLean | first1 = CP | last2 = Rosenbach | first2 = SB | last3 = Capaldi | first3 = S | last4 = Foa | first4 = EB | year = 2013 | title = Social and academic functioning in adolescents with child sexual abuse-related PTSD | journal = Child Abuse & Neglect | volume = 37 | issue = 9| pages = 675β678 | doi = 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.03.010 | pmid = 23623621 | pmc = 3740087 }}</ref> The feeling of being "cut-off" from peers and "emotional numbness" are both results of CSA and highly inhibit proper social functioning. Furthermore, PTSD is associated with higher risk of substance abuse as a result of the "self-medication hypothesis" and the "high-risk and susceptibility hypothesis".<ref name="auto">{{cite journal | last1 = Schiff | first1 = M | last2 = Nacasch | first2 = N | last3 = Levit | first3 = S | last4 = Katz | first4 = N | last5 = Foa | first5 = EB | year = 2015 | title = Prolonged exposure for treating PTSD among female methadone patients who were survivors of sexual abuse in Israel | journal = Social Work & Health Care | volume = 54 | issue = 8| pages = 687β707 | doi = 10.1080/00981389.2015.1058311 | pmid = 26399489 | s2cid = 9288531 }}</ref> Besides [[dissociative identity disorder]] (DID), [[posttraumatic stress disorder]] (PTSD), and [[complex post-traumatic stress disorder]] (C-PTSD), child sexual abuse survivors may present [[borderline personality disorder]] (BPD) and eating disorders such as [[bulimia nervosa]].<ref name="Honor2010">{{Cite journal|author=Hornor, G. |title=Child sexual abuse: Consequences and implications |journal=Journal of Pediatric Health Care |volume=24|issue=6 |pages=358β364 |year=2010 |doi=10.1016/j.pedhc.2009.07.003|pmid=20971410}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page