Communism Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ==== Council communism ==== {{main|Council communism}} [[File:Rosa Luxemburg.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|[[Rosa Luxemburg]]]] Council communism is a movement that originated from Germany and the Netherlands in the 1920s,{{sfn|Johnson|Walker|Gray|2014|loc=Pannekoek, Antonie (1873–1960)|pp=313–314}} whose primary organization was the [[Communist Workers Party of Germany]]. It continues today as a theoretical and activist position within both [[libertarian Marxism]] and [[libertarian socialism]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=van der Linden |first=Marcel |author-link=Marcel van der Linden |year=2004 |title=On Council Communism |journal=Historical Materialism |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=27–50 |doi=10.1163/1569206043505275 |s2cid=143169141}}</ref> The core principle of council communism is that the government and the economy should be managed by [[workers' council]]s, which are composed of [[Delegate model of representation|delegates]] elected at workplaces and [[Recall election|recallable]] at any moment. Council communists oppose the perceived authoritarian and undemocratic nature of [[central planning]] and of [[state socialism]], labelled [[state capitalism]], and the idea of a revolutionary party,<ref name="The New Blanquism">{{cite magazine |title=The New Blanquism |first=Antonie |last=Pannekoek |author-link=Antonie Pannekoek |magazine=Der Kommunist |location=Bremen |number=27 |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1920/blanquism.htm |date=1920 |access-date=31 July 2020 |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Anarchism and Council Communism on the Russian Revolution |first=Christos |last=Memos |journal=[[Anarchist Studies]] |volume=20 |issue=2 |url=https://www.lwbooks.co.uk/anarchist-studies/20-2/anarchism-and-council-communism-russian-revolution |pages=22–47 |date=Autumn–Winter 2012 |publisher=Lawrence & Wishart Ltd. |access-date=27 May 2022 |archive-date=29 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129181048/https://www.lwbooks.co.uk/anarchist-studies/20-2/anarchism-and-council-communism-russian-revolution}}</ref> since council communists believe that a revolution led by a party would necessarily produce a [[party dictatorship]]. Council communists support a workers' democracy, produced through a federation of workers' councils. In contrast to those of [[social democracy]] and [[Leninist]] communism, the central argument of council communism is that democratic workers' councils arising in the factories and municipalities are the natural forms of working-class organizations and governmental power.<ref>{{cite book |last=Gerber |first=John |author-link=John Paul Gerber |title=Anton Pannekoek and the Socialism of Workers' Self-Emancipation, 1873-1960 |year=1989 |publisher=Kluwer |location=Dordrecht |isbn=978-0792302742}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Shipway |first=Mark |chapter=Council Communism |pages=104–126 |editor-first1=Maximilien |editor-last1=Rubel |editor-link1=Maximilien Rubel |editor-first2=John |editor-last2=Crump |title=Non-Market Socialism in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries |year=1987 |publisher=St. Martin's Press |location=New York}}</ref> This view is opposed to both the [[reformist]]<ref name="Socialism and Labor Unionism">{{cite magazine|title=Socialism and Labor Unionism |first=Anton |last=Pannekoek |author-link=Anton Pannekoek |magazine=The New Review |volume=1 |number=18 |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1913/07/socialism-labor-unionism.htm |date=July 1913 |access-date=31 July 2020 |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]]}}</ref> and the Leninist communist ideologies,{{r|The New Blanquism}} which respectively stress parliamentary and [[New institutionalism|institutional]] government by applying [[Reform movement|social reforms]] on the one hand, and [[vanguard parties]] and [[Participatory democracy|participative]] [[democratic centralism]] on the other.{{r|Socialism and Labor Unionism}}{{r|The New Blanquism}} Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page