Communism Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ===== Maoism ===== {{main|Maoism|Marxism–Leninism–Maoism}} [[File:Mao Statue at Zhong Shan Guang Chang.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Long Live the Victory of Mao Zedong Thought]] monument in Shenyang]]Maoism is the theory derived from the teachings of the Chinese political leader [[Mao Zedong]]. Developed from the 1950s until the [[Deng Xiaoping]] [[Chinese economic reform]] in the 1970s, it was widely applied as the guiding political and military ideology of the Communist Party of China and as the theory guiding [[revolutionary movement]]s around the world. A key difference between Maoism and other forms of Marxism–Leninism is that [[peasant]]s should be the bulwark of the revolutionary energy which is led by the working class.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Meisner |first=Maurice |author-link=Maurice Meisner |date=January–March 1971 |title=Leninism and Maoism: Some Populist Perspectives on Marxism-Leninism in China |journal=[[The China Quarterly]] |volume=45 |issue=45 |pages=2–36 |doi=10.1017/S0305741000010407 |jstor=651881 |s2cid=154407265}}</ref> Three common Maoist values are revolutionary [[populism]], being practical, and [[dialectic]]s.{{sfn|Wormack|2001}} The synthesis of Marxism–Leninism–Maoism,<ref group="lower-alpha">{{harvp|Morgan|2001|p=2332|ps=: {{"'}}Marxism–Leninism–Maoism' became the ideology of the Chinese Communist Party and of the splinter parties that broke off from national communist parties after the Chinese definitively split with the Soviets in 1963. Italian communists continued to be influenced by the ideas of Antonio Gramsci, whose independent conception of the reasons why the working class in industrial countries remained politically quiescent bore far more democratic implications than Lenin's own explanation of worker passivity. Until Stalin's death, the Soviet Party referred to its own ideology as 'Marxism–Leninism–Stalinism'."}}</ref> which builds upon the two individual theories as the Chinese adaption of Marxism–Leninism, did not occur during the life of Mao. After [[de-Stalinization]], Marxism–Leninism was kept in the [[Soviet Union]], while certain [[anti-revisionist]] tendencies like [[Hoxhaism]] and Maoism stated that such had deviated from its original concept. Different policies were applied in Albania and China, which became more distanced from the Soviet Union. From the 1960s, groups who called themselves ''Maoists'', or those who upheld Maoism, were not unified around a common understanding of Maoism, instead having their own particular interpretations of the political, philosophical, economical, and military works of Mao. Its adherents claim that as a unified, coherent higher stage of Marxism, it was not consolidated until the 1980s, first being formalized by the [[Shining Path]] in 1982.<ref name="On Marxism-Leninism-Maoism">{{cite web |date=1982 |title=On Marxism-Leninism-Maoism |url=http://library.redspark.nu/1982_-_Maoism._On_Marxism-Leninism-Maoism |access-date=20 January 2020 |website=MLM Library |publisher=[[Communist Party of Peru]] |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728184142/http://library.redspark.nu/1982_-_Maoism._On_Marxism-Leninism-Maoism}}</ref> Through the experience of the [[people's war]] waged by the party, the Shining Path were able to posit Maoism as the newest development of Marxism.{{r|On Marxism-Leninism-Maoism}} Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page