Stuttering Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ===Prognosis=== Among ages 3β5, the [[prognosis]] for spontaneously recovery is about 65% to 87.5%. By 7 years of age or within the first two years of stuttering,<ref name="Sander and Osborne">{{cite journal |last1=Sander |first1=RW |last2=Osborne |first2=CA |title=Stuttering: Understanding and Treating a Common Disability. |journal=American Family Physician |date=1 November 2019 |volume=100 |issue=9 |pages=556β560 |pmid=31674746}}</ref><ref name="fn 30">{{cite journal |author1=Yairi, E.|author2= Ambrose, N.|title=Onset of stuttering in preschool children: selected factors |journal=Journal of Speech and Hearing Research |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=782β8 |year=1992 |pmid=1405533 |doi=10.1044/jshr.3504.782}}</ref><ref name="fn 31">{{cite journal|author=Yairi, E.|year=1993|title=Epidemiologic and other considerations in treatment efficacy research with preschool-age children who stutter|journal=Journal of Fluency Disorders|volume=18|pages=197β220|doi=10.1016/0094-730X(93)90007-Q|issue=2β3}}</ref> and about 74% recover by their early teens. In particular, girls are shown to recover more often.<ref name="Ward16">{{harvnb|Ward|2006|p= 16}}</ref><ref name="fn 34">{{cite journal|author= Yairi, E|title=On the Gender Factor in Stuttering|journal=Stuttering Foundation of America Newsletter|date=Fall 2005|page= 5}}</ref> Prognosis is guarded with later age of onset: children who start stuttering at age 3Β½ years or later,<ref name="Yairi2005"/> and/or duration of greater than 6β12 months since onset, that is, once stuttering has become established, about 18% of children who stutter after five years recover spontaneously.<ref name="fn 32">{{cite journal |author=Andrews, G. |author2=Craig, A. |author3=Feyer, A. M. |author4=Hoddinott, S. |author5=Howie, P. |author6=Neilson, M. |title=Stuttering: a review of research findings and theories circa 1982 |journal=The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=226β46 |year=1983 |pmid=6353066 |doi=10.1044/jshd.4803.226}}</ref> Stuttering that persists after the age of seven is classified as persistent stuttering, and is associated with a much lower chance of recovery.<ref name="Sander and Osborne" /> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page