San Jose, California

== Demographics ==
{{US Census population
| 1870 = 9089
| 1880 = 12567
| 1890 = 18060
| 1900 = 21500
| 1910 = 28946
| 1920 = 39642
| 1930 = 57651
| 1940 = 68457
| 1950 = 95280
| 1960 = 204196
| 1970 = 459913
| 1980 = 629400
| 1990 = 782248
| 2000 = 894943
| 2010 = 945942
| 2020 = 1013240
| estyear = 2023
| estimate = 959256
| estref = <ref name="State">{{cite press release |url=https://dof.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/352/Forecasting/Demographics/Documents/E-1_2023PressRelease.pdf |website=dof.ca.gov |access-date=2023-09-13 |title=State's Population Decline Slows While Housing Grows Per New State Demographic Report}}</ref>
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |publisher=Census.gov |access-date=June 4, 2015 |archive-date=July 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701194652/https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br />2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts"/>
}}

In 2022, the US Census Bureau released its new population estimates. With a total population of 971,233,<ref name="USCensusEst2014">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2014/SUB-EST2014.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523034651/https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2014/SUB-EST2014.html |archive-date=May 23, 2015 |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 |access-date=June 4, 2015 }}</ref> San Jose showed a 4.1% decline in population since the 2020 census. Some reasons for this decline are people leaving the area for more affordable cities and more remote working opportunities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What's Behind California's Recent Population Decline—and Why It Matters |url=https://www.ppic.org/publication/whats-behind-californias-recent-population-decline-and-why-it-matters/ |access-date=2023-11-13 |website=Public Policy Institute of California |language=en-US}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Historical Racial composition !! 2020 <ref name="QuickFacts" />!!2010<ref name="San Jose city, California">{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0668000.html |title=San Jose (city), California |work=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=April 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902142919/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0668000.html |archive-date=September 2, 2012 }}</ref> !! 1990<ref name="census"/> !! 1970<ref name="census"/> !! 1940<ref name="census"/>
|-
|[[Asian American|Asian]] || 37.2% ||31.7% ||19.5% ||2.7% ||1.1%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino (of any race)]] || 31.0% ||33.2% ||26.6% ||19.1% ||n/a
|-
|[[White American|White (Non-Hispanic)]] || 25.1% ||28.7% ||49.6% ||75.7% ||98.5%
|-
|[[Multiracial American|Mixed]] || 7.9% ||2.7% ||n/a ||n/a ||n/a
|-
|[[African American|Black or African American]] || 2.9% ||2.9% ||4.7% ||2.5% ||0.4%
|}

===2020===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''San Jose, California – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – San Jose city, California|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=160XX00US0668000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 26, 2024}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – San Jose city, California |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US0668000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 26, 2024}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – San Jose city, California |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US0668000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 26, 2024}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|322,534
|271,382
|style='background: #ffffe6; |236,095
|36.04%
|28.69%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |23.30%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|29,495
|27,508
|style='background: #ffffe6; |27,422
|3.30%
|2.91%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.71%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|2,959
|2,255
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,921
|0.33%
|0.24%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.19%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|238,378
|300,022
|style='background: #ffffe6; |386,993
|26.64%
|31.72%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |38.19%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|3,093
|3,492
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,460
|0.35%
|0.37%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.34%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|1,699
|1,820
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4,808
|0.19%
|0.19%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.47%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|26,796
|25,827
|style='background: #ffffe6; |36,275
|2.99%
|2.73%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.58%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|269,989
|313,636
|style='background: #ffffe6; |316,266
|30.17%
|33.16%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |31.21%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''894,943'''
|'''945,942'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''1,013,240'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

=== 2010 ===
{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| align = left
| width =
| footer =
| image1 = San Jose Demographics 2010.jpg
| caption1 = Map of racial distribution in San Jose, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot represents 25 people: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ff0000|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#0000ff|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#00ffaa|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffa600|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffff07|Other}}
| image2 = Silicon Valley Income Map 20160315.png
| caption2 = Thematic map showing median household income across central Santa Clara County {{As of|2014|lc=y}}; the darker the color, the more affluent the area.
 }}

The [[2010 United States Census]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0668000 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140715115212/http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0668000 |archive-date=July 15, 2014 |title=2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – San Jose city |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=July 12, 2014}}</ref> reported that San Jose had a population of 945,942. The population density was {{convert|5,256.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of San Jose was 404,437 (42.8%) [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 303,138 (32.0%) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] (10.4% [[Vietnamese American|Vietnamese]], 6.7% [[Chinese American|Chinese]], 5.6% [[Filipino American|Filipino]], 4.6% [[Indian American|Indian]], 1.2% [[Korean American|Korean]], 1.2% [[Japanese American|Japanese]], 0.3% [[Cambodian American|Cambodian]], 0.2% [[Thai American|Thai]], 0.2% [[Pakistani American|Pakistani]], 0.2% [[Laotian American|Laotian]]), 30,242 (3.2%) [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 8,297 (0.9%) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 4,017 (0.4%) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 148,749 (15.7%) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 47,062 (5.0%) from two or more races. There were 313,636 residents of [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] background (33.2%). 28.2% of the city's population was of [[Mexican American|Mexican]] descent; the next largest Hispanic groups were those of [[Salvadoran American|Salvadoran]] (0.7%) and [[Puerto Ricans|Puerto Rican]] (0.5%) heritage. [[Non-Hispanic Whites]] were 28.7% of the population in 2010,<ref name="San Jose city, California"/> down from 75.7% in 1970.<ref name="census"/>

The census reported that 932,620 people (98.6% of the population) lived in households, 9,542 (1.0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 3,780 (0.4%) were institutionalized. There were 301,366 households, out of which 122,958 (40.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 162,819 (54.0%) were [[marriage|opposite-sex married couples]] living together, 37,988 (12.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 18,702 (6.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 16,900 (5.6%) [[POSSLQ|unmarried opposite-sex partnerships]], and 2,458 (0.8%) [[same-sex partnerships|same-sex married couples or partnerships]]. 59,385 households (19.7%) were made up of individuals, and 18,305 (6.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.09. There were 219,509 [[family (U.S. Census)|families]] (72.8% of all households); the average family size was 3.54.

The age distribution of the city was as follows: 234,678 people (24.8%) were under the age of 18, 89,457 people (9.5%) aged 18 to 24, 294,399 people (31.1%) aged 25 to 44, 232,166 people (24.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 95,242 people (10.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.8 males.

There were 314,038 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,745.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}, of which 176,216 (58.5%) were owner-occupied, and 125,150 (41.5%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.6%; the [[rental vacancy rate]] was 4.3%. 553,436 people (58.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 379,184 people (40.1%) lived in rental housing units.

=== 2000 ===
{{multiple image|perrow = 2|total_width=300 |align=right
| image1 = USA-San Jose-Church of the Five Wounds-20.jpg |width1= 3008 |height1= 2000
| image2 = San Jose Tet parade, 2009.jpg |width2= 2068 |height2= 1393
| image3 = San Jose Gurdwara Sahib (2448909577).jpg |width3= 1587 |height3= 1102
| image4 = 2017 Japanese American Museum of San Jose.jpg |width4= 4032 |height4= 3024
| footer = Clockwise: [[Five Wounds Portuguese National Church]], [[Tết]] Parade, [[Japanese American Museum of San Jose]], [[Gurdwara Sahib of San Jose|Sikh Gurdwara of San Jose]]
}}

According to the [[2000 United States census|2000 United States Census]], there were 894,943 people, 276,598 households, and 203,576 families residing in the city.<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807192146/https://www.census.gov/ |archive-date=August 7, 2022 |access-date=January 31, 2008 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

The population density was {{convert|5,117.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 281,841 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,611.8|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. Of the 276,598 households, 38.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 18.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.20 and the average family size was 3.62.

In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 26.4% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 35.4% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.5 males.

According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was the highest in the U.S. for any city with more than a quarter-million residents with $76,963 annually. The median income for a family was $86,822.<ref>{{cite web |title=San Jose, California: Earnings in the Past 12 Months (In 2007 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/STTable?_bm=y&-context=st&-qr_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_S2001&-ds_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_&-CONTEXT=st&-tree_id=307&-keyword=San%20Jose,%20California&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=16000US0668000&-format=&-_lang=en |work=U.S. Fact Finder |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124095713/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/STTable?_bm=y&-context=st&-qr_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_S2001&-ds_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_&-CONTEXT=st&-tree_id=307&-keyword=San%20Jose%2C%20California&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=16000US0668000&-format=&-_lang=en |archive-date=November 24, 2011 }}</ref> Males had a median income of $49,347 versus $36,936 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,697. About 6.0% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.3% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.