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Do not fill this in! ====Houston metropolitan area flooding==== [[File:Precipitation in Nederland, TX in 2017.svg|thumb|right|Precipitation in Nederland, Texas]] Many locations in the [[Greater Houston|Houston metropolitan area]] observed at least {{convert|30|in|mm|abbr=on}} of precipitation,<ref name="WPC 15">{{cite report |url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/winter_storm_summaries/storm19/stormsum_15.html |title=Storm Summary Number 15 for Tropical Storm Harvey Rainfall and Wind |work=[[Weather Prediction Center]] |publisher=United States Government |location=College Park, Maryland |first=Jennifer |last=Tate |date=August 29, 2017 |access-date=August 29, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830103813/http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/winter_storm_summaries/storm19/stormsum_15.html |archive-date=August 30, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> with a maximum of {{convert|60.58|in|mm|abbr=on}} in [[Nederland, Texas|Nederland]].{{Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima}} This makes Harvey the wettest tropical cyclone on record for both Texas and the United States,<ref>{{cite report |url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2017/al09/al092017.public.037.shtml |title=Tropical Storm Harvey Advisory Number 37 |first=Lixion |last=Avila |work=[[National Hurricane Center]] |publisher=United States Government |location=[[Miami, Florida]] |date=August 29, 2017 |access-date=August 29, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829204309/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2017/al09/al092017.public.037.shtml |archive-date=August 29, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> surpassing the previous rainfall record held by [[Tropical Storm Amelia (1978)|Tropical Storm Amelia]].<ref>{{cite news|first1=Jon|last1=Erdman|first2=Chris|last2=Dolce|url=https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/tropical-storm-harvey-forecast-texas-louisiana-arkansas|title=It's Not Over: Tropical Storm Harvey Rainfall Sets Preliminary All-Time Lower 48 States Record, Still Soaking Texas, Louisiana|work=[[The Weather Channel]]|location=Atlanta|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=August 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171126124825/https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/tropical-storm-harvey-forecast-texas-louisiana-arkansas|archive-date=November 26, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The local National Weather Service office in Houston observed all-time record daily rainfall accumulations on both August 26 and 27, measured at {{convert|14.4|in|mm|abbr=on}} and {{convert|16.08|in|mm|abbr=on}} respectively.<ref>{{cite tweet|link=https://twitter.com/NWSHouston/status/902054888657620993|user=NWSHouston|author=National Weather Service Office in Houston, Texas|number=902054888657620993|title=After checking the rain gauge, a new daily rainfall record was set at the NWS Office of 16.08" beating yesterday's record of 14.40" #houwx|date=August 28, 2017|access-date=August 28, 2017}}</ref> Due to the amount of rain accumulated from Harvey, the National Weather Service added 2 new colors to the rain index representing around 50% of the maximum rainfall dropped by Harvey. Multiple flash flood emergencies were issued in the Houston area by the National Weather Service beginning the night of August 26. In Pearland, a suburb south of Houston, a report was made of 9.92" of rainfall in 90 minutes.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://whnt.com/2017/08/26/24-hours-after-making-landfall-harveys-rainfall-prompts-flash-flood-emergencies-in-houston/|title=24 hours after making landfall, Harvey's rainfall prompts flash flood emergencies in Houston|date=August 27, 2017|work=[[WHNT-TV]]|location=Huntsville, Alabama|access-date=September 6, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907075937/http://whnt.com/2017/08/26/24-hours-after-making-landfall-harveys-rainfall-prompts-flash-flood-emergencies-in-houston/|archive-date=September 7, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The {{convert|39.11|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in August made the month the wettest ever recorded in Houston since record keeping began in 1892, more than doubling the previous record of {{convert|19.21|in|mm|abbr=on}} in June 2001.<ref>{{cite tweet|author=National Weather Service Houston|user=NWSHouston|link=https://twitter.com/NWSHouston/status/903437553382117377|number=903437553382117377|title=Houston's August 2017 rainfall total (39.11 inches) is more than double the previous wettest month. #txwx #houwx #bcswx #Harvey|date=August 31, 2017|access-date=August 31, 2017}}</ref> The [[storm surge]] peaked at 6 feet at [[Port Lavaca, Texas|Port Lavaca]]<!--when? http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2017/HARVEY.shtml? -->,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.u-surge.net/hurricane-harvey.html |title=Hurricane Harvey|work=U-SURGE |access-date= September 10, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170910110459/https://www.u-surge.net/hurricane-harvey.html |archive-date= September 10, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{youTube|GCx9-na2bhI|Hurricane Harvey storm surge video – CBC News}}</ref> reducing outflow of rainwater from land to sea.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/hurricane-harvey-why-is-it-so-extreme/|title=Hurricane Harvey: Why Is It So Extreme?|first=Mark|last=Fischetti|work=[[Scientific American]]|date=August 28, 2017|access-date=September 10, 2017|issn=0036-8733|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910133626/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/hurricane-harvey-why-is-it-so-extreme/|archive-date=September 10, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> During the storm, more than 800 [[Greater Houston|Houston area]] flights were canceled, including 704 at [[George Bush Intercontinental Airport]] and 123 at [[William P. Hobby Airport]]. Both airports eventually closed.<ref name=McLaughlin>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/08/27/us/harvey-landfall/index.html|title=Harvey's rain 'beyond anything experienced,' weather service says|author1=Eliott C. McLaughlin|author2=Ralph Ellis|author3=Joe Sterling|publisher=[[CNN]]|location=Atlanta|access-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827050033/http://www.cnn.com/2017/08/27/us/harvey-landfall/index.html|archive-date=August 27, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Several tornadoes were spawned in the area, one of which damaged or destroyed the roofs of dozens of homes in [[Sienna Plantation, Texas|Sienna Plantation]].<ref name=Dart>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/aug/26/texas-cities-catastrophic-flooding-hurricane-harvey|first1=Tom|last1=Dart|first2=Edward|last2=Helmore|title=Hurricane Harvey: at least one dead in Texas as storm moves inland|date=August 26, 2017|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|access-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827022704/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/aug/26/texas-cities-catastrophic-flooding-hurricane-harvey|archive-date=August 27, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> As of August 29, 14 fatalities have been confirmed from flooding in the Houston area, including 6 from the same family who died when their van was swept off a flooded bridge.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=Fox News Channel|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=August 29, 2017|title=Family of six counted among the dead as Harvey death toll rises to 14|url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2017/08/29/family-six-counted-among-dead-as-harvey-death-toll-rises-to-14.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829093326/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2017/08/29/family-six-counted-among-dead-as-harvey-death-toll-rises-to-14.html|archive-date=August 29, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> A police officer drowned while trying to escape rising waters.<ref>{{cite news|author=St. John Barned-Smith|newspaper=Houston Chronicle|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=August 29, 2017|title=Houston Police officer drowns in Harvey floodwaters|url=http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Houston-Police-officer-drowns-in-Harvey-12145510.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829170510/http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Houston-Police-officer-drowns-in-Harvey-12145510.php|archive-date=August 29, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Harvey 2017 rainfall SE Texas.gif|thumb|300px|Enlarged map of rainfall from the hurricane in the Houston and Beaumont metropolitan areas in southeast Texas. Areas in blue indicate accumulations in excess of 15 in (380 mm), while areas in yellow indicate accumulations in excess of {{convert|40|in|mm|abbr=on}}.]] An estimated 25–30 percent of Harris County—roughly 444 mi<sup>2</sup> (1,150 km<sup>2</sup>) of land—was submerged.<ref name="WP_Aug29">{{cite news|author=Kevin Sullivan, Arelis R. Hernandez and David A. Fahrenthold|agency=Washington Post|work=Chicago Tribune|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=August 30, 2017|title=Harvey leaving record rainfall, at least 22 deaths behind in Houston|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-hurricane-harvey-flooding-houston-20170829-story.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829231800/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-hurricane-harvey-flooding-houston-20170829-story.html|archive-date=August 29, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Late on August 27, a mandatory evacuation was issued for all of [[Bay City, Texas|Bay City]] as model projections indicated the downtown area would be inundated by {{convert|10|ft|m|abbr=on}} of water. Flooding was anticipated to cut off access to the city around 1:00 p.m. CDT on August 28.<ref>{{cite news|author=Brenda Burr|newspaper=Bay City Tribune|date=August 28, 2017|access-date=August 28, 2017|title=10 foot floods expected, evacuate by 1 p.m. today officials say|url=http://baycitytribune.com/community/article_25587238-8ba9-11e7-9fa9-a3041ae930e0.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831012630/http://baycitytribune.com/community/article_25587238-8ba9-11e7-9fa9-a3041ae930e0.html|archive-date=August 31, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Evacuations took place in [[Conroe, Texas|Conroe]] on August 28 following release of water from the Lake Conroe dam.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=KTRK|date=August 28, 2017|access-date=August 29, 2017|title=Dam release ramps up Conroe evacuation plans|url=http://abc13.com/dam-release-ramps-up-conroe-evacuation-plans/2350065/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829203514/http://abc13.com/dam-release-ramps-up-conroe-evacuation-plans/2350065/|archive-date=August 29, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> On the morning on August 29, a levee along Columbia Lakes in Brazoria County was breached, prompting officials to urgently request for everyone in the area to evacuate.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=KCRA3|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=August 29, 2017|title=Residents south of Houston urged to leave area after levee breach|url=http://www.kcra.com/article/residents-south-of-houston-urged-to-leave-area-after-levee-breach/12118734|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829175415/http://www.kcra.com/article/residents-south-of-houston-urged-to-leave-area-after-levee-breach/12118734|archive-date=August 29, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Barned-Smith|first1=St. John|last2=Carpenter|first2=Jacob|last3=Foxhall|first3=Emily|title=Brazoria team works against the clock|url=http://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/houston/article/Brazoria-team-works-against-the-clock-to-hold-12162780.php|access-date=September 5, 2017|work=Houston Chronicle|date=August 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904214727/http://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/houston/article/Brazoria-team-works-against-the-clock-to-hold-12162780.php|archive-date=September 4, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 28, the [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]] began controlled water releases from [[Addicks Reservoir|Addicks]] and [[Barker Reservoir]]s in the Buffalo Bayou watershed in an attempt to manage flood levels in the immediate area. According to the local Corps commander, "It's going to be better to release the water through the gates directly into Buffalo Bayou as opposed to letting it go around the end and through additional neighborhoods and ultimately into the bayou." At the time the releases started, the reservoirs had been rising at more than {{convert|6|in|mm}} per hour.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.swg.usace.army.mil/Media/News-Releases/Article/1291369/corps-releases-at-addicks-and-barker-dams-to-begin/ |title=Corps Releases at Addicks and Barker Dams to begin |publisher=United States Army Corps of Engineers |date=August 28, 2017 |access-date=August 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828232759/http://www.swg.usace.army.mil/Media/News-Releases/Article/1291369/corps-releases-at-addicks-and-barker-dams-to-begin/ |archive-date=August 28, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> Many people began evacuating the area, fearing a levee breach.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ksat.com/weather/hurricane/conditions-worsen-for-west-houston-neighborhood|title=Conditions worsen for West Houston neighborhood|publisher=KSAT|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=August 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829161852/https://www.ksat.com/weather/hurricane/conditions-worsen-for-west-houston-neighborhood|archive-date=August 29, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite attempts to alleviate the water rise, the Addicks Reservoir reached capacity on the morning of August 29 and began spilling out.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=BBC|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=August 29, 2017|title=Houston flood: Addicks dam begins overspill|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-41081629|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829130003/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-41081629|archive-date=August 29, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The NASA [[Johnson Space Center]] was closed to employees and visitors due to the flooding until September 5. Only the critical mission control staff remain and reside in the control rooms to monitor procedures of the [[International Space Station]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-johnson-space-center-closes-for-hurricane-harvey|title=NASA's Johnson Space Center Closes for Hurricane Harvey|publisher=NASA|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=August 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830110122/https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-johnson-space-center-closes-for-hurricane-harvey/|archive-date=August 30, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! 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