Primary education Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ==Child development during the primary education phase== {{main|Child development stages}} [[Jean Piaget]] was responsible for establishing the framework that describes the intellectual, moral and emotional development of children.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Burman | first1 = J. T. | year = 2011 | title = The zeroeth Piaget| journal = [[Theory & Psychology]] | volume = 21 | issue = 1| pages = 130โ135 | doi = 10.1177/0959354310361407 | s2cid = 220119333 }}</ref> He received a doctorate in 1918 and did post-doctoral research in Zรผrich and Paris. <ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1037/0012-1649.28.2.191 | last1 = Beilin | first1 = H. | year = 1992 | title = Piaget's enduring contribution to developmental psychology | journal = Developmental Psychology | volume = 28 | issue = 2| pages = 191โ204}}</ref> His thoughts developed in four phases: # the sociological model of development- where children moved from a position of [[egocentrism]] to [[sociocentrism]]. he noticed there was a gradual progression from intuitive to scientific and then socially acceptable responses. # the biological model of intellectual development -this could be regarded as an extension of the biological process of the [[adaptation]] of the species, showing two ongoing processes: assimilation and accommodation. # the elaboration of the logical model of intellectual development, where he argued that intelligence develops in a series of stages related to age and are progressive because one stage must be accomplished before the next can occur. For each stage of development, the child forms an age-related view of reality. # the study of figurative thought- this included memory and perception. Piaget's theory is based upon biological [[Developmental biology|maturation]] and [[Cognitive development|stages]]; the notion of readiness is important. Information or concepts should be taught when the students have reached the appropriate stage of cognitive development and not before.<ref>{{Britannica|459096|Jean Piaget}}</ref> Using this framework, the child's staged development can be examined. His theory included four stages: the sensorimotor period, the pre operational period, the concrete operational period, and the formal operational period.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Weiten |first=Wayne |title=Psychology: Themes and Variations |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2017 |edition=11th |pages=356}}</ref> [[Cognitive development#Lev Vygotsky|Lev Vygotsky's theory]]<ref name="bioBook">Yasnitsky, A. (2018) [https://www.routledge.com/Vygotsky-An-Intellectual-Biography/Yasnitsky/p/book/9781138806740 Vygotsky: An Intellectual Biography]. London and New York: Routledge [http://individual.utoronto.ca/yasnitsky/texts/Yasnitsky_2018_Vygotsky_bookPreview.pdf BOOK PREVIEW]</ref> is based on social learning, where a more knowledgeable other (MKO) helps a child progress within their [[zone of proximal development]] (ZPD). Within the ZPD, there are skills that the child could do but needs to be shown to move from yearning to independent proficiency.<ref name="bioBook" /> The assistance or instruction becomes a form of [[Instructional scaffolding]]; this term and idea was developed by [[Jerome Bruner]], David Wood, and Gail Ross.<ref name="Scaffolding">''Zone of Proximal Development'' and ''Cultural Tools Scaffolding, Guided Participation'', 2006. In ''Key concepts in developmental psychology.'' Retrieved from Credo Reference Database</ref> These are in the realms of the:<ref name="NIH1">{{cite web |title=School-age children development: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002017.htm |website=medlineplus.gov |publisher=NIH |access-date=18 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Talukder |first=Parvej Husen |date=2023-03-23 |title=The Importance of Acquiring Education for Children |url=https://en.kavyakishor.com/2023/03/23/the-importance-of-acquiring-education-for-children/ |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=Kavya Kishor English |language=en-US}}</ref> * Intellectual * Physical * Learning skills * Language * Emotional Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page