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Do not fill this in! {{Short description|Royal chapel in Windsor Castle, England}} {{Redirect|St George's Chapel}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}} {{Use British English|date=February 2023}} {{Infobox church | name = St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle | fullname = The King's Free Chapel of the College of St George, Windsor Castle | image = St. Georges Chapel, Windsor Castle (2).jpg | imagesize = | landscape = | caption = | location = [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]] | country = England | coordinates = {{Coord|51|29|01|N|00|36|25|W|region:GB_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | denomination = [[Church of England]] | previous denomination = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]] | churchmanship = [[High Church]] | membership = | attendance = | website = {{url|stgeorges-windsor.org}} | former name = | bull date = | founded date = 1475 | founder = | dedication = [[St George]] | dedicated date = | consecrated date = | cult = | relics = | events = | past bishop = | people = | status = Chapel | functional status = Active | heritage designation = [[Listed building|Grade I listed]] | designated date = | architect = | architectural type = | style = [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] | groundbreaking = | years built = 1475 | completed date = 1511 | closed date = | demolished date = | capacity = 800 | length = | width = | width nave = | height = | diameter = | other dimensions = | floor count = | floor area = | dome quantity = | dome height outer = | dome height inner = | dome dia outer = | dome dia inner = | spire quantity = | spire height = | materials = | parish = | deanery = [[Dean and Canons of Windsor]] | archdeaconry = | diocese = Jurisdiction: [[Royal Peculiar]]<br />Location: [[Diocese of Oxford|Oxford]] | province = | presbytery = | synod = | circuit = | district = | division = | subdivision = | archbishop = | bishop = | dean = [[Christopher Cocksworth]] (dean-designate) | subdean = | provost = | provost-rector = | viceprovost = | canon = Mark Powell (Steward) | canontreasurer = Hueston Finlay (Vice-Dean) | canonpastor = | precentor = [[Martin Poll (priest)|Martin Poll]] (Chaplain) | archdeacon = | prebendary = | rector = | vicar = | curate = | priest = | asstpriest = | minister = | assistant = | honpriest = | deacon = | seniorpastor = | pastor = | abbot = | chaplain = | reader = | organistdom = [[James Vivian]] | director = | organist = | organscholar = | chapterclerk = | laychapter = | warden = | flowerguild = | musicgroup = [[Choir of St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|Choir of St George's Chapel]] | parishadmin = | serversguild = | logo = | logosize = }} '''St George's Chapel''' at [[Windsor Castle]] in England is a [[castle chapel]] built in the late-medieval [[Perpendicular Gothic]] style. It is a [[Royal peculiar|Royal Peculiar]] (a church under the direct jurisdiction of the monarch), and the Chapel of the [[Order of the Garter]]. St George's Chapel was founded in the 14th century by [[Edward III of England|King Edward III]] and extensively enlarged in the late 15th century. It is located in the [[Bailey (castle)|Lower Ward]] of the castle.<ref name="bbc.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-42156565|title=Harry and Meghan to wed at Windsor in May|date=28 November 2017|access-date=28 November 2017|publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> The castle has belonged to the monarchy for almost 1,000 years. The chapel has been the scene of many royal services, weddings and burials – in the 19th century, St George's Chapel and the nearby [[Frogmore|Frogmore Gardens]] superseded [[Westminster Abbey]] as the chosen burial place for the [[British royal family]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/queen-elizabeth-death-dies-what-happens-uk-london-bridge-down-a8444526.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/queen-elizabeth-death-dies-what-happens-uk-london-bridge-down-a8444526.html |archive-date=24 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=What will happen when the Queen dies and where will she be buried|work=The Independent|first=Olivia|last=Petter|date=16 October 2020|access-date=11 April 2021}}</ref> The running of the chapel is the responsibility of the [[dean and Canons of Windsor]] who make up the [[Collegiate church|College]] of [[Saint George]]. They are assisted by a [[Chapter clerk|clerk]], [[verger]] and other staff. [[The Society of the Friends of St George's and Descendants of the Knights of the Garter]], a registered charity, was established in 1931 to assist the college in maintaining the chapel. ==History== ===Development of the building=== [[File:WindsorLowerBaileyJosephNash1848 edited.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|left|St George's Chapel (left) at Windsor Castle in 1848, showing the absence of the [[The Queen's Beasts|Queen's Beasts]] on the [[pinnacle]]s (since replaced). Watercolour by [[Joseph Nash]]]] In 1348, [[Edward III of England|King Edward III]] founded two religious colleges: [[St Stephen's Chapel|St Stephen's]] at [[Westminster]] and St George's at Windsor. The new college at Windsor was attached to the Chapel of [[Edward the Confessor|St Edward the Confessor]] which had been constructed by [[Henry III of England|Henry III]] in the early thirteenth century. The chapel was then re-dedicated to the [[Mary, mother of Jesus|Blessed Virgin Mary]], [[Saint George|George the Martyr]] and [[Edward the Confessor]], but soon became known only by its dedication to St George.<ref name=Victoria>{{cite book|chapter=Collegiate churches: Windsor (St George's chapel)|title=A History of the County of Berkshire: Volume 2|editor1=P H Ditchfield |editor2=William Page|publisher= Victoria County History|year=1907|page=106|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/berks/vol2/pp106-112}}</ref> Edward III also built the [[Aerary]] Porch in 1353–54.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/tour/tour_aerary.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060915035637/http://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/tour/tour_aerary.asp |archive-date=2006-09-15 |title=The Aerary Porch|publisher=St. George's Chapel website|access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> [[File:Windsor Castle, Quire of St George's, by Charles Wild, 1818 - royal coll 922115 257036 ORI 0.jpg|right|thumb| The [[Choir (architecture)|Choir]] of St George's Chapel, by [[Charles Wild]], from [[William Henry Pyne|W. H. Pyne]]'s ''Royal Residences'', 1818]] [[File:Windsor horseshoe cloister 01.JPG|thumb|left|upright|alt=A close-up photograph of a building made with black timbers and red brick. The building has four tall, brick chimneys. A relatively modern drainpipe comes down the middle of the building.|The Horseshoe Cloister, built in 1480 and reconstructed in the 19th century]] The period 1475–1528 saw a radical redevelopment of St George's Chapel set in motion by [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]] and continued by [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]] under the supervision of his most esteemed counsellor, Sir [[Reginald Bray]], and by [[Henry VIII]]. The thirteenth-century Chapel of St Edward the Confessor was enlarged into a cathedral-like space under the direction of [[Richard Beauchamp (bishop)|Richard Beauchamp]], [[Bishop of Salisbury]], and the master mason, Henry Janyns.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PIIlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA216|title=Art in England: The Saxons to the Tudors: 600–1600|first= Sara N. |last=James|year=2016|page=216|publisher=Oxbow Books|isbn=978-1785702266}}</ref> The Chapel suffered a great deal of destruction during the [[English Civil War]]. [[Roundhead|Parliamentary]] forces broke into and plundered the chapel and treasury on 23 October 1642. Further pillage occurred in 1643 when the fifteenth-century [[chapter house]] was destroyed, lead was stripped off the chapel roofs, and elements of Henry VIII's unfinished funeral monument were stolen. Following his execution in 1649, [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] was buried in a small vault in the centre of the choir at St George's Chapel, which also contained the coffins of Henry VIII and [[Jane Seymour|Queen Jane]] (née Seymour).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tudorsociety.com/12-november-1537-jane-seymours-remains-moved-to-windsor/|title=12 November 1537 – Jane Seymour's remains moved to Windsor|publisher=The Tudor Society| access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> During his life and reign, [[George III|King George III]] was responsible for reigniting royal interest in Windsor Castle, which had been much overlooked after the [[House of Hanover]] came to the throne of the Great Britain in 1714. On 12 August 1776 the royal family first attended the Sunday morning service at St George's Chapel – which they called "the Cathedral". George III was committed to St George's Chapel; he inspired and in large part funded an extensive restoration of the chapel from 1780 to 1790.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/image_of_the_month/the-legacy-of-king-george-iii/|title=The legacy of King George III|publisher=St George's Chapel| access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> The reign of [[Queen Victoria]] saw further changes made to the structure of the chapel. The east end of the choir was reworked in memory of [[Albert, Prince Consort|Prince Albert]]. The Lady Chapel, which had been abandoned by Henry VII, was completed and renamed the Albert Memorial Chapel.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/image_of_the_month/the-wolsey-chapel/ |title=The Wolsey Chapel|publisher=St George's Chapel| access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> By the early twentieth century, the bowing walls, cracked vaulting, decayed stone and stripped lead required urgent attention. In 1920 a much needed ten-year restoration project began at George's Chapel, overseen by the consulting architect Sir [[Harold Brakspear]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41358709|title=The Restoration of St George's Chapel, Windsor|journal= Journal of the Royal Society of Arts|volume=79|date=13 February 1931|pages=306–319|jstor=41358709 |access-date=1 October 2022|last1=Baillie |first1=Albert |issue=4082 }}</ref> As part of this programme, [[Mahomet Thomas Phillips]] – an Anglo-Congolese sculptor – produced a falcon and a unicorn in 1923.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=H |date=17 October 2022 |title=Mahomet Thomas Phillips Part 2 |url=https://reimagininglincs.blogs.lincoln.ac.uk/2022/10/17/mahomet-thomas-phillips-part-2/ |website=University of Lincoln}}</ref> The [[King George VI Memorial Chapel]] was constructed in 1969 between the Rutland Chapel and the north choir of St George's Chapel to a design by [[George Pace]].<ref name=Times02>{{cite news|last1=Keay|first1=Douglas|title=Princess Margaret's ashes to rest by her father|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/IF0501475187/TTDA?u=wes_ttda&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=a9eafb8a|accessdate=14 September 2022|work=[[The Times]]|issue=67375|date=15 February 2002|page=3}}</ref> [[File:WindsorCastlePano-Wyrdlight.jpg|thumb|centre|700px|St George's Chapel in the Lower Ward at centre right, partially behind tree]] ===The Royal Beasts=== [[File:St Georges Chapel Windsor 02.jpg|thumb|The [[King's Beasts, St George's Chapel|Royal Beasts]] shown atop the pinnacles]] On the roof of the chapel, standing on the pinnacles, and also on pinnacles at the sides, are seventy-six heraldic statues representing the [[King's Beasts, St George's Chapel|Royal Beasts]]. They represent fourteen of the heraldic animals: the [[Lion (heraldry)|lion]] of [[Kingdom of England|England]], the [[Welsh Dragon|red dragon]] of [[Principality of Wales|Wales]], the [[Panthera|panther]] of [[Jane Seymour]], the [[falcon]] of [[House of York|York]], the black bull of [[Duke of Clarence|Clarence]], the [[Yale (mythical creature)|yale]] of [[Duke of Beaufort|Beaufort]], the white lion of [[Mortimer]], the [[White Greyhound of Richmond|greyhound of Richmond]], the white [[Hart (deer)|hart]] of [[Richard II of England|Richard II]], the collared silver [[antelope]] of [[Bohun family|Bohun]], the black dragon of [[Ulster]], the [[Bohun swan|white swan]] of [[Hereford]], the [[unicorn]] of Edward III and the golden [[Deer|hind]] of [[Kent]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inel.wordpress.com/2008/07/06/windsor-royal-beasts-on-st-georges-chapel-roof/|title=Windsor Royal Beasts on St George's Chapel roof|date=6 July 2008|publisher=Wordpress|access-date=10 October 2014}}</ref> The original beasts dated from the sixteenth century, but were removed in 1682 on the advice of Sir [[Christopher Wren]]. Wren had criticised the [[Reigate Stone]], the calcareous sandstone from which they were constructed. The present statues date from 1925 when the chapel was restored.<ref name="London1953">{{cite book|last= London|first=H. Stanford|title="The" Queen's Beasts: An Account with New Drawings of the Heraldic Animals Witch Stood at the Entrance to Westminster Abbey on the Occasion of the Coronation of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II., 2. June 1953|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2288swEACAAJ|year=1953|publisher=Newman Neame|page=15}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Frederick Minter |work=[[The Times]] |page= 19 |date= 15 July 1976}}</ref> ===The choir of St George's Chapel=== The [[Choir of St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|choristers of St George's Chapel]] are boarders at [[St George's School, Windsor Castle]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Choristers of St George's Chapel |first=Neville |last=Wridgway |publisher=Chas. Luff & Co. |date=1980 |page=132}}</ref> ==Dean and Canons== {{Further|Dean and Canons of Windsor#Current chapter}} ==Order of the Garter== ===Garter Service=== {{Further|Order of the Garter}} [[File:Order of the Garter 01.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Emblem of the Order of the Garter]] [[File:St George's Chapel Garter Day.jpg|thumb|Members of the public outside St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle, waiting for the Garter Procession]] Members of the [[Order of the Garter]] meet at Windsor Castle every June for the annual Garter Service. After lunch in the State Apartments (Upper Ward of the Castle), they process on foot in their robes and insignia, down to St George's Chapel for the service. The Garter Service was revived in 1948 by [[George VI|King George VI]] for the 600th anniversary of the founding of the Order and has since become an annual event.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Companion21-web.pdf|title=Order of the Garter Timeline|publisher=The Companion|year=2015|page=3|access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> ===Heraldry=== [[File:St Georges Chapel Windsor Castle.jpg|thumb|Interior of the chapel]] After their installation, members are each assigned a stall in the chapel [[choir (architecture)|choir]] above which his or her heraldic devices are displayed. A member's sword is placed beneath a helmet which is decorated with a [[mantling]] and topped with a crest, [[coronet]] or crown. Above this, a member's heraldic [[banner]] is hoisted emblazoned with his [[Coat of arms|arms]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://flagmakers.co.uk/blog/history/st-george-s-chapel-banners-of-arms-hand-painted-by-flagmakers/|title=St George's Chapel Banners of Arms Hand-Painted by Flagmakers|publisher=Flagmakers|access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> A [[Garter stall plate]], a small elaborately enamelled plate of brass, is affixed to the back of the stall displaying its member's name and arms with other inscriptions. On a member's death, the sword, helmet, mantling, crest, coronet or crown, and banner are removed. A service marking the death of a late member must be held before the stall can be assigned to anyone else. The ceremony takes place in the chapel, during which the [[Military Knights of Windsor]] carry the banner of the deceased member and offer it to the [[Dean of Windsor]], who places it on the altar. The stall plates, however, are not removed. They remain permanently affixed to the stall, so the stalls of the chapel are emblazoned with a collection of 800 plates of the members throughout history.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Companion20-website.pdf|title=Register of Stall Plates in St George's Chapel|page=18|publisher=The Companion|access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> ==Chantries== [[File:Castell de Windsor - Capella de Sant Jordi.JPG|right|thumb|upright=1.5|Tierceron-[[lierne (vault)|lierne]] vaulting of the choir and [[fan vault]]ing of the crossing of St George's Chapel, with the [[Order of the Garter|Garter banners]] on either side below]] St George's Chapel is among the most important medieval [[chantry]] foundations to have survived in England. The college was itself part of a medieval chantry, and there are a number of other chantry elements in the form of altars and small chapels in memory of various English monarchs and of a number of prominent courtiers, deans and canons. Special services and prayers would also be offered in memory of the founder. Henry VIII had originally intended another chantry to be set up in the chapel, despite the fact that his ecclesiastical changes led to the [[Reformation]] in England and the eventual suppression of chantries.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/174767011X13184281108289?journalCode=yjba20|title='Pickpurse' Purgatory, the Dissolution of the Chantries and the Suppression of Intercession for the Dead|date=18 July 2013|journal=Journal of the British Archaeological Association|volume=164|doi=10.1179/174767011X13184281108289 |access-date=1 October 2022|last1=Lindley |first1=Phillip |pages=277–304 |s2cid=194045544 }}</ref> The much-admired iron gates in the sanctuary of the chapel as well as the locks on the doors of the chapel are the work of the medieval Cornish metalsmith [[John Tresilian]].<ref name="Blackburne2008">{{cite book|last=Blackburne|first=Harry W. |title=The Romance of St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=100X0MRhNLEC&pg=PA14|year=2008|publisher=Wildside Press|isbn=978-1434474285|pages=14–}}</ref> ===Rutland Chantry=== [[File:Anne of York and Sir Thomas St. Leger.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Monumental brass]] in St Leger Chantry to [[Anne, Duchess of Exeter|Anne of York]] (1439–1476) and her second husband [[Thomas St. Leger|Thomas St Leger]] ({{Circa|1440}} – 1483), founder of the chapel]] The Rutland [[Chantry|Chantry chapel]], forming the northern transept of St George's Chapel, was founded in 1491 in honour of Sir [[Thomas St. Leger|Thomas St Leger]] ({{Circa|1440}}–1483) and [[Anne, Duchess of Exeter|Anne of York]] (1439–1476).<ref name=CollStGeoWebsite>{{cite web|title=The Rutland Chantry|author=Eleanor Cracknell|publisher=College of St George|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/the-rutland-chantry|date=15 July 2011|access-date=19 May 2018}}</ref> Sir Thomas was Anne's second husband. She was the eldest surviving daughter of [[Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York|Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]], and thus elder sister of kings [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]] (1442–1483) and [[Richard III of England|Richard III]] (1452–1485). A [[monumental brass]] in memory of Anne and Sir Thomas survives on the east wall of the Rutland Chantry, the inscription of which records that the chantry was founded "with two priests singing forevermore": <blockquote> "Wythin thys Chappell lyethe beryed Anne Duchess of Exetur suster unto the noble kyng Edward the forte. And also the body of syr Thomas Sellynger knyght her husband which hathe funde within thys College a Chauntre with too prestys sy’gyng for ev’more. On whose soule god have mercy. The wych Anne duchess dyed in the yere of oure lorde M Thowsande CCCCl xxv"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/the-roos-monument-in-the-rutland-chantry-chapel/|title=The Roos Monument in the Rutland Chantry Chapel|publisher=St George's Chapel|access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> </blockquote> The chantry received its current name in honour of the [[Duke of Rutland|Earls of Rutland]], descendants of Anne and Sir Thomas: their daughter, also Anne, married [[George Manners, 11th Baron Ros]], and their son was [[Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland]]. The tomb of George and Anne Manners is a prominent feature of the chantry. Their effigies are carved in English alabaster.<ref name=CollStGeoWebsite /> The chantry comprises five panels which represent the [[Annunciation]], the [[Visitation (Christianity)|Visitation]], the [[Adoration of the Magi]], the [[Temptation of Christ|Temptations of Christ]] in the wilderness and the [[Wedding at Cana|Miracle at Cana]]. They were commissioned from embroiderer [[Beryl Dean]] and took five years to complete. Only one panel is normally on display to the public, but the others may be seen on request.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/news/beryl-dean-panels/|title=Beryl Dean Panels|website=College of St George|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-10-28}}</ref> ==Weddings== [[File:St George's Chapel, 10 March 1863.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Wedding of the [[Edward VII|Prince of Wales]] and [[Alexandra of Denmark]], in 1863]] The chapel has been the site of many royal weddings, particularly of the children of [[Queen Victoria]]. They have included: {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" !Year !Groom !Bride |- |1863 |[[Edward VII|Albert Edward, Prince of Wales]] |[[Alexandra of Denmark|Princess Alexandra of Denmark]] |- |1866 |[[Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein]] |[[Princess Helena of the United Kingdom|The Princess Helena]] |- |1871 |[[John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll|John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne]] |[[Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll|The Princess Louise]] |- |1879 |[[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]] |[[Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia]] |- |1880 |[[Baron Alphons von Pawel-Rammingen|Alphons, Baron von Pawel-Rammingen]] |[[Princess Frederica of Hanover]] |- |1882 |[[Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany]] |[[Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont]] |- |1891 |[[Prince Aribert of Anhalt]] |[[Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein]] |- |1904 |[[Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone|Prince Alexander of Teck]] |[[Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone|Princess Alice of Albany]] |- |1905 |[[Gustaf VI Adolf|Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden]] |[[Princess Margaret of Connaught]] |- |1919 |Major John Evelyn Gibbs |[[Lady Helena Gibbs|Lady Helena Cambridge]] |- |1957 |[[David Liddell-Grainger|David Ian Liddell-Grainger]] |[[Lady May Abel Smith#Marriage|Anne Abel Smith]] |- |1992 |Timothy Taylor |[[Lady Helen Taylor|Lady Helen Windsor]] |- |1999 |[[Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex|The Prince Edward]] |[[Sophie, Countess of Wessex and Forfar|Sophie Rhys-Jones]]<ref>{{Cite news| title=Britain's Prince Edward, Sophie Rhys-Jones marry as royals look on |publisher=[[CNN]]| date=19 June 1999| url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9906/19/britain.royal.wedding.05/index.html?related | access-date=3 May 2011}}</ref> |- |2008 |[[Peter Phillips]] |[[Autumn Phillips|Autumn Kelly]]<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7406008.stm| title=Royal marries in Windsor wedding| website=BBC News| date=17 May 2008| access-date=17 May 2008| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080518081959/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7406008.stm| archive-date=18 May 2008| url-status=live}}</ref> |- |rowspan="2"|2018 |[[Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex|Prince Henry of Wales]] |[[Meghan, Duchess of Sussex|Meghan Markle]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Yeginsu |first=Ceylan |date=2018-03-02 |title=Prince Harry and Meghan Markle Invite Members of Public to Wedding Day |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/02/world/europe/uk-prince-harry-meghan-markle-wedding.html |access-date=2022-09-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> |- |[[Jack Brooksbank]] |[[Princess Eugenie|Princess Eugenie of York]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2018/10/12/prince-andrew-says-princess-eugenie-will-have-guests-wedding/|title=Prince Andrew says Princess Eugenie will have more guests at her wedding than Duke and Duchess of Sussex did|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|first1=Hannah|last1=Furness|first2=Helena|last2=Horton|date=12 October 2018|accessdate=12 October 2018}}</ref> |- |2019 |Thomas Kingston |[[Lady Gabriella Kingston|Lady Gabriella Windsor]]<ref>{{Cite news |title=Royals at Lady Gabriella Windsor wedding |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-48322655 |access-date=2022-12-04}}</ref> |} [[Charles III]], then-[[Prince of Wales]], and [[Queen Camilla]], then-[[Duchess of Cornwall]] received a blessing from the [[Rowan Williams|Archbishop of Canterbury]] following their marriage in 2005.<ref>{{Cite news |url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4421763.stm |publisher = BBC News |title = Timetable of Royal wedding day, 9 April 2005 |access-date = 28 April 2016 }}</ref> ==Burials== The chapel has been the site of many royal funerals and interments. People interred in the Chapel include: ===Altar=== * [[George Plantagenet, Duke of Bedford]], on 22 March 1479; son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville * [[Mary of York]], in 1482; daughter of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville * [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]], King of England, in 1483 * [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]], King of England, in 1484 (reburial from [[Chertsey Abbey]]) * The coffins of two unidentified children suggested to be the [[Princes in the Tower]] ([[Edward V of England|Edward V]], King of England and [[Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York]]); sons of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville * [[Elizabeth Woodville]], Queen of England, on 12 June 1492; wife of Edward IV * Princess Louise of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, in 1832; niece of [[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen]]<ref name="Burials1805">{{Cite web | title = Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805 | work = College of St George | date = 2017 | access-date = 2018-05-19 | url = https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/royal-connection/royal-burials/royal-burials-chapel-since-1805/ }}</ref> * [[Edward VII]], King of the United Kingdom and Emperor of India, on 20 May 1910 (originally interred in the Royal Vault)<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Alexandra of Denmark]], Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India, on 28 November 1925 (originally interred in the Royal Vault); wife of Edward VII<ref name="Burials1805"/> ===Quire=== * [[Jane Seymour]], Queen of England, in 1537; third wife of Henry VIII * [[Henry VIII]], King of England and Ireland, in 1547 * [[Charles I of England|Charles I]], King of England, Scotland and Ireland, in 1649 * Stillborn son of [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain]] and [[Prince George of Denmark]], in 1698 ===Royal Vault=== * [[Princess Amelia of the United Kingdom]], in 1810; daughter of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Augusta of Great Britain]], Duchess of Brunswick-Lünenburg, in 1813; daughter of [[Frederick, Prince of Wales]] and [[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha|Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Charlotte of Wales (1796–1817)|Princess Charlotte of Wales]], in 1817; daughter of George IV and [[Caroline of Brunswick|Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]<ref name="Burials1805"/> * Stillborn son of Princess Charlotte of Wales and [[Leopold I of Belgium|Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]], in 1817<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]], Queen of the United Kingdom and Hanover, in 1818; wife of George III<ref name="Burials1805"/> * Stillborn daughter of [[Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover]] and [[Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]], in 1818 * [[George III]], King of the United Kingdom and Hanover, in 1820<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn]], in 1820; father of [[Queen Victoria|Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom]]<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Alfred of Great Britain]], in 1820 (reburial); son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Octavius of Great Britain]], in 1820 (reburial); son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Elizabeth of Clarence]], in 1821; daughter of William IV and Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany]], in 1827; son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[George IV]], King of the United Kingdom and Hanover, in 1830<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[William IV]], King of the United Kingdom and Hanover, in 1837<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Augusta Sophia of the United Kingdom]], in 1840; daughter of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen]], Queen of the United Kingdom and Hanover, in 1849; wife of William IV<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[George V of Hanover|George V]], the last [[King of Hanover]], in 1878; grandson of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz<ref name="Burials1805"/> * Baroness Victoria von Pawel-Rammingen, in 1881; daughter of Princess Frederica of Hanover and [[Baron Alphons von Pawel-Rammingen|Alphons, Baron von Pawel-Rammingen]]<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge]], Duchess of Teck, in 1897; daughter of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge and Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel, mother of [[Mary of Teck]]<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Francis, Duke of Teck]], in 1900; father of Mary of Teck<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Frederica of Hanover]], Baroness von Pawel-Rammingen, in 1926; daughter of George V, King of Hanover, and [[Marie of Saxe-Altenburg]]<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge]], in 1930 (reburial); son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel]], Duchess of Cambridge, in 1930 (reburial); wife of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge<ref name="Burials1805"/> ===Near West Door=== * [[George V]], King of the United Kingdom and Emperor of India, in 1936 (originally interred in the Royal Vault)<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Mary of Teck]], Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India, in 1953; wife of George V<ref name="Burials1805"/> ===King George VI Memorial Chapel=== {{Main|King George VI Memorial Chapel}} * [[George VI]], King of the United Kingdom, Emperor of India and Head of the Commonwealth, on 26 March 1969 (originally interred in the Royal Vault on 15 February 1952, and moved to the chapel following its construction) * [[Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon]], in 2002; daughter of George VI and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (ashes buried here following cremation in [[Slough]])<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth]] (née Bowes-Lyon), Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India, in 2002; wife of George VI<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]], in 2022 (originally interred in the Royal Vault in 2021 and moved to the chapel upon his wife's death); husband of Elizabeth II<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Elizabeth II]], Queen of the United Kingdom and Head of the Commonwealth, in 2022<ref name="Burials1805"/> ===Albert Memorial Chapel=== * [[Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany]], in 1884 (originally interred in the Royal Vault); son of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and [[Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale]], in 1892 (originally interred in the Royal Vault); son of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark<ref name="Burials1805"/> ===Gloucester Vault=== * [[Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh]], in 1805; son of Frederick, Prince of Wales and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Maria Walpole|Maria]] (née Walpole), Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh, in 1807; wife of Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh]], in 1834; son of Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh and Maria Walpole<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Sophia of Gloucester]], in 1844; daughter of Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh and Maria Walpole<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Princess Mary of the United Kingdom]], Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh, in 1857; daughter of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, wife of Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh<ref name="Burials1805"/> ===Others=== * [[William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings]], in the north aisle of St George's Chapel; close friend of Edward IV * [[Anne St Leger, Baroness de Ros|Anne Manners]] (née St Leger), Baroness de Ros, in the private Rutland Chapel; niece of Edward IV and [[Richard III of England|Richard III]] * [[George Manners, 11th Baron Ros|George Manners, 11th Baron de Ros]], in the private Rutland Chapel; husband of Anne St Leger<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/archives/blog/?p=662|title=The Roos Monument in the Rutland Chantry Chapel|work= College of St George|date=10 September 2010}}</ref> * [[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]], in 1545; second husband of [[Mary Tudor, Queen of France|Mary Tudor]] * [[Christopher Villiers, 1st Earl of Anglesey]], in 1631 * [[Henry Somerset, 1st Duke of Beaufort]] and his ancestors in the private Beaufort Chapel (the original monument by [[Grinling Gibbons]] was moved to [[St Michael and All Angels Church, Badminton]] in 1878) * [[Peniston Booth]], [[Dean of Windsor]] * Lieutenant-General [[John Elley|Sir John Elley]], in the north quire aisle; commoner who distinguished himself at the [[Battle of Waterloo]] * [[Ethiopian aristocratic and court titles#Dejazmatch|''Dejazmatch'']] [[Prince Alemayehu|Alemayehu Tewodros]], on 21 November 1879; son of [[Tewodros II|Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia]]<ref name="Burials1805"/> ===Former burials=== * [[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]], Duchess of Kent and Strathearn, in 1861; mother of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom – moved to the [[Duchess of Kent's Mausoleum]] later that year<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]], Prince Consort, in 1861; husband of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom – moved to the [[Royal Mausoleum, Frogmore|Frogmore Royal Mausoleum]] in 1862<ref name="Burials1805"/> * Prince Harald of Schleswig-Holstein, in 1876; son of Princess Helena of the United Kingdom and Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein<ref name="Burials1805"/> – moved to the [[Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore|Frogmore Royal Burial Ground]] in 1928 * [[Prince Francis of Teck]], in 1910; brother of Mary of Teck – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1928<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife]], in 1912; husband of Louise, Princess Royal and father of [[Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife]] – moved to [[St Ninian's Chapel, Braemar]] later that year<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia]], Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn, in 1917; wife of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1928<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein]], in 1917; husband of Princess Helena of the United Kingdom – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1928<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Lord Leopold Mountbatten]] (formerly Prince Leopold of Battenberg), in 1922; son of Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom and [[Prince Henry of Battenberg]] – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1928<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Helena of the United Kingdom]], Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, in 1923; daughter of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1928<ref name="Burials1805"/> * Lieutenant-Colonel [[Adolphus Cambridge, 1st Marquess of Cambridge]] (formerly Adolphus, Duke of Teck), in 1927; brother of Mary of Teck – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1928<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Rupert Cambridge, Viscount Trematon]] (formerly Prince Rupert of Teck), in 1928; son of Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone (formerly Prince Alexander of Teck) and [[Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone|Princess Alice of Albany]] – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground later that year<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Louise, Princess Royal]] and Duchess of Fife, in 1931; daughter of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark – moved to St Ninian's Chapel, Braemar later that year<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom]], in 1935; daughter of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1936<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Arthur of Connaught]], in 1938; son of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn and Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1939<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll|Princess Louise of the United Kingdom]], Duchess of Argyll, in 1939 (ashes); daughter of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1940<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]], in 1942; son of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1942<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Prince George, Duke of Kent]], in 1942; son of George V and Mary of Teck – moved to Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1968<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom]], Princess Henry of Battenberg, in 1944; daughter of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – moved to [[St Mildred's Church, Whippingham]] in 1945<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein]], in 1948; daughter of Princess Helena of the United Kingdom and Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1948<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein]] (formerly Princess Aribert of Anhalt), in 1956; daughter of Princess Helena of the United Kingdom and Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in 1957<ref name="Burials1805"/> * Major-General [[Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone]] (formerly Prince Alexander of Teck), in 1957; brother of Mary of Teck – moved to the Frogmore Royal Burial Ground later that year<ref name="Burials1805"/> * [[Princess Alice of Battenberg]], Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark, in 1969; mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh – moved to [[Church of Mary Magdalene]] in [[Jerusalem]], in 1988<ref name="Burials1805"/> ==In literature== * [[Wenceslaus Hollar]]. ''View and Ground Plan of St. George's Chapel, Windsor'' c. 1671.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://art.famsf.org/wenceslaus-hollar/view-and-ground-plan-st-georges-chapel-windsor-19633013061|title=View and Ground Plan of St. George's Chapel, Windsor – Wenceslaus Hollar|date=21 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://art.famsf.org/wenceslaus-hollar/view-and-ground-plan-st-georges-chapel-windsor-19633017575|title=View and Ground Plan of St. George's Chapel, Windsor – Wenceslaus Hollar|date=8 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://art.famsf.org/wenceslaus-hollar/view-and-ground-plan-st-georges-chapel-windsor-19633013060|title=View and Ground Plan of St. George's Chapel, Windsor – Wenceslaus Hollar|date=21 June 2016}}</ref><!-- PD ! upload to commons ... --> * [[John Henry Le Keux]]. ''St. George's Chapel, Windsor. Ground Plan'' 1810. Engraved after a plan by F. Mackenzie, published in Britton's ''Architectural antiquities of Great Britain'', 1807. Copper-engraved antique plan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antiqueprints.com/images/af7/f7596.jpg |title=Picture |website=www.antiqueprints.co|format=JPG}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ancestryimages.com/proddetail.php?prod=f7596|title=Free stock images for genealogy and ancestry researchers|website=www.ancestryimages.com}}</ref><!-- PD ! upload to commons ... --> ==See also== * [[Choir of St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]] * [[Dean of Windsor]] * [[Dean and Canons of Windsor]] * [[Francis Eginton]] (artist, painted the arms of the knights of the Garter for two Gothic windows in the stalls) * [[List of knights and ladies of the Garter]] * [[Order of the Garter]] * [[Saint George in devotions, traditions and prayers]] * [[The Society of the Friends of St George's and Descendants of the Knights of the Garter]] * [[Windsor Castle]] * [[Historical monographs relating to St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]] * [[Royal Chapel of All Saints]] (chapel in Windsor Great Park closely connected with St George's Chapel) ==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book|last1=Begent|first1=Peter J. |last2=Chesshyre|first2=Hubert |author-link2=Hubert Chesshyre|last3=Chesshyre|first3=D. H. B. |first4=Lisa|last4= Jefferson|title=The most noble Order of the Garter: 650 years|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X4IWAQAAIAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Spink|isbn=978-1902040202}} * {{cite book|editor1-link=Laurence Keen|editor1-first=Laurence|editor1-last= Keen|editor2-first=Eileen |editor2-last= Scarff|title=Windsor: medieval archaeology, art and architecture of the Thames Valley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h4dnAAAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=British Archaeological Association|isbn=978-1902653457}} * {{cite book|editor1-first=Nigel|editor1-last=Saul|title=St George's Chapel, Windsor, in the Fourteenth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=auSNtufAwnoC&pg=PA1|year=2005|publisher=Boydell Press|isbn=978-1843831174}} * {{cite book|editor1-first=Colin |editor1-last=Richmond|editor2-first=Eileen|editor2-last= Scarff|title=St Georges Chapel, Windsor, in the late Middle Ages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bzqAAAAAIAAJ|year=2001|publisher=Maney Publishing|location=[[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]|isbn=978-0953967612}} {{refend}} ==External links== {{Commons category|St. George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle}} * {{official|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/}} * [https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/archives/ St George's Chapel Archives & Chapter Library] * [http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/registeredcharities/showcharity.asp?remchar=&chyno=1118295 Charity Commission website] * [http://www.heraldicsculptor.com/gartcres.html Crests for the Knights of the Garter] * [http://www.thamesweb.co.uk/windsor/windsorhistory/winguide06a.html A guide to the chapel] * [http://www.dca.gov.uk/majrep/part6.htm Report of Review Group on the Royal Peculiars 2009] * [http://microformguides.gale.com/BrowseGuide.asp?colldocid=2042000&Item=&Page=1 Music manuscripts preserved in the Chapter Library] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Windsor Castle, Saint George}} [[Category:14th-century church buildings in England]] [[Category:Burial sites of the House of Hanover]] [[Category:Burial sites of the Seymour family]] [[Category:Chapels in England]] [[Category:Tudor architecture]] [[Category:Windsor Castle|Saint George]] [[Category:Grade I listed churches in Berkshire]] [[Category:Collegiate churches in England]] [[Category:Church of England church buildings in Berkshire]] [[Category:Royal Peculiars]] [[Category:Church of England chapels]] [[Category:Basilicas (Church of England)]] Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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