O'odham

{{Short description|Indigenous Uto-Aztecan peoples}}
{{Distinguish|Ogham|odham}}
{{About|the O'odham people|the language|Oʼodham language}}
{{refimprove|date=April 2022}}
The '''O'odham peoples''', including the [[Tohono O'odham]], the [[Pima people|Pima]] or Akimel O'odham, and the [[Hia C-ed O'odham]], are [[indigenous people of the Americas|indigenous]] [[Uto-Aztecan]] peoples of the [[Sonoran desert]] in southern and central [[Arizona]] and northern [[Sonora]], united by a common heritage language, the [[O'odham language]]. Today, many O'odham live in the [[Tohono O'odham Nation]], the [[San Xavier Indian Reservation]], the [[Gila River Indian Community]], the [[Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community]], the [[Ak-Chin Indian Community]] or off-reservation in one of the cities or towns of Arizona.

==Oʼodham sub-groups==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!
! Hia C-eḍ Oʼodham
! Tohono Oʼodham
! Akimel Oʼodham
|-
| Traditional homeland
| Between the [[Ajo Range]], the [[Gila River]], the [[Colorado River]] and the [[Gulf of California]]
| Desert south of the Gila River
| Land around the Gila and Salt Rivers
|-
| Meaning of [[endonym]]
| Sand Dune People
| Desert People
| River People
|-
| Habitation patterns
| Nomadic ("no-villagers")
| Separate winter and summer residences ("two-villagers")
| Perennial habitation on ''rancherías'' ("one-villagers")
|-
| Prevalence of agriculture <ref>{{cite book|title=Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture|first1=Edward F.|last1=Castetter|first2=Willis H.|last2=Bell|publisher=The University of New Mexico Press|location=Albuquerque|year=1942}}</ref>
| Nearly 100% hunting and gathering
| 75% hunting and gathering, 25% agricultural
| 40% hunting and gathering, 60% agricultural
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indigenous People of AZ}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Native American tribes in Arizona]]
[[Category:Southwest tribes]]
[[Category:Indigenous peoples in Mexico]]
[[Category:Oasisamerica cultures]]