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Do not fill this in! {{good article}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2018}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Norman, Oklahoma | settlement_type = [[City]] | nickname = | motto = "Building an Inclusive Community" | image_skyline = File:Norman July 2019 15 (E Main Street).jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = Main Street | image_flag = Flag of Norman, Oklahoma.svg | image_seal = Logo of Norman, Oklahoma.png | image_map = Cleveland County, Oklahoma Incorporated and Unincorporated areas highlighting Norman.svg | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = Location of Norman in Cleveland County and Oklahoma | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | named_for = Abner Ernest Norman | pushpin_map = Oklahoma#USA | pushpin_label = Norman | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Oklahoma##Location in the United States | pushpin_relief = yes | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}} | subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Oklahoma}} | subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Oklahoma|County]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Cleveland County, Oklahoma|Cleveland]] | government_footnotes = | government_type = Council-manager | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Larry Heikkila<ref name="oudaily">{{cite web |url=https://www.oudaily.com/news/larry-heikkila-wins-norman-mayoral-seat-defeats-incumbent-breea-clark/article_c111714a-b52d-11ec-b816-078b126f5f32.html |title=Larry Heikkila wins Norman mayoral seat, defeats incumbent Breea Clark |last1=Taylor |first1=Jillian |date=April 5, 2022 |website=oudaily.com |publisher=The OU Daily |access-date=July 8, 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414154136/https://www.oudaily.com/news/larry-heikkila-wins-norman-mayoral-seat-defeats-incumbent-breea-clark/article_c111714a-b52d-11ec-b816-078b126f5f32.html |archive-date=April 14, 2022}}</ref> | leader_title1 = City manager | leader_name1 = Darrel Pyle | established_title = | established_date = | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web |title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory |url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=September 20, 2022}}</ref> | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 490.00 | area_land_km2 = 462.69 | area_water_km2 = 27.31 | area_total_sq_mi = 189.19 | area_land_sq_mi = 178.65 | area_water_sq_mi = 10.54 | population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]] | population_est = | pop_est_as_of = | pop_est_footnotes = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 128026 | population_rank = U.S.: [[List of United States cities by population|216th]] | population_urban = 120,191 (U.S.: [[List of United States urban areas|279th]]) | population_metro = 1,425,695 (U.S.: [[List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas|42nd]]) | population_density_km2 = 276.70 | population_density_sq_mi = 716.64 | population_demonym = Normanite | timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]] | utc_offset = −6 | timezone_DST = CDT | utc_offset_DST = −5 | elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> | elevation_ft = 1125 | coordinates = {{coord|35|13|15|N|97|26|37|W|type:city_region:US-OK|display=inline,title}} | postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s | postal_code = 73019, 73026, 73069, 73070, 73071, 73072 | area_code = [[Area codes 405 and 572|405/572]] | blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS]] code | blank_info = 40-52500<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website |df=mdy}}</ref> | blank1_name = [[GNIS]] feature ID | blank1_info = 2411267<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2411267}}</ref> | website = {{URL|www.normanok.gov}} }} '''Norman''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|ɔr|m|ən}}) is the [[List of municipalities in Oklahoma|3rd most populous city]] in the U.S. state of [[Oklahoma]], with a population of 128,026 as of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="QuickFacts: Norman city, Oklahoma">{{Cite web |title=QuickFacts: Norman city, Oklahoma |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/normancityoklahoma |access-date=2023-06-26 |website=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> It is the most populous city and the [[county seat]] of [[Cleveland County, Oklahoma|Cleveland County]] and the second-most populous city in the [[Oklahoma City metropolitan area]] after the state capital, [[Oklahoma City]], 20 miles (32 kilometers) north of Norman. The city was settled during the [[Land Run of 1889]], which opened the former [[Unassigned Lands]] of [[Indian Territory]] to [[American pioneer]] settlement. It was named in honor of [[Abner Norman]], the area's initial [[land surveyor]], and was formally incorporated on {{nowrap|May 13}}, 1891. Norman has prominent higher education and related research industries, as it is home to the [[University of Oklahoma]], the largest university in the state, with nearly 32,000 students. The university is well known for its sporting events by teams under the banner of the nickname "[[Oklahoma Sooners|Sooners]]", with over 85,000 people routinely attending [[American football|football]] games. The university is home to several museums, including the [[Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art]], which contains the largest collection of [[Impressionism|French Impressionist]] art ever given to an American university, as well as the [[Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History]]. Norman's [[National Weather Center]] (NWC) houses a unique collection of university, state, federal, and private-sector organizations that work together to improve the understanding of events related to the [[Earth's atmosphere]]. Norman lies within [[Tornado Alley]], a geographic region colloquially known for frequent and intense tornadic activity. The [[Storm Prediction Center]] (SPC), a branch of the [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] (NOAA) that delivers forecasts for severe thunderstorms, tornadoes, and other high-impact hazardous weather in the contiguous United States, is located at the NWC. Additionally, research is conducted at the co-located [[National Severe Storms Laboratory]] (NSSL), which operates various experimental [[weather radar]]s and develops innovative tools, applications, and techniques aimed at improving forecasts and warnings of severe weather. ==History== [[File:MainStNormanEarly1900s.jpg|thumb|Main Street in Norman, circa 1900]] {{see also|Timeline of Norman, Oklahoma}} <!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Abner norman.JPG|thumb|left|upright|Abner Norman statue outside City Hall]] --> The Oklahoma region became part of the United States with the [[Louisiana Purchase]] in 1803. Before the [[American Civil War]], the U.S. government began relocating the [[Five Civilized Tribes]]—the five Native American tribes that the United States officially recognized via treaty—to Oklahoma. Treaties of 1832 and 1833 assigned the area known today as Norman to the [[Creek Nation]].<ref name="OU_Press">{{cite book |last=Levy |first=David W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Wlj-XkxJfUC |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |title=The University of Oklahoma: A History (Volume I) |year=2005 |isbn=9780806137032 |access-date=September 23, 2009}}</ref> After the Civil War, the [[Creek indians|Creeks]] were accused of aiding the [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]]; as a result they ceded the region back to the United States in 1866.<ref name="OU_Press" /> In the early 1870s, the federal government undertook a survey of these unassigned lands. Abner Ernest Norman, a 23-year-old surveyor from [[Kentucky]], was hired to oversee part of this project.<ref name="OU_Press" /> Norman's work crew set up camp near what is today the corner of Classen Boulevard and Lindsey Street; it was there that the men, perhaps jokingly, carved a sign on an elm tree that read "Norman's Camp," in honor of their young boss.<ref name="OU_Press" /><ref name="About_Norman">{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/about-city |publisher=City of Norman |title=About the City |access-date=January 7, 2012 |archive-date=January 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103012423/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/about-city |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1887, the [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]] began service to the area,<ref name="OU_Press" /> which was later opened to settlement as part of the [[Land Run of 1889]];<ref name="OU_Press" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.okgenweb.org/~land/ |publisher=Oklahoma Genealogy Web |title=Oklahoma's Land Runs |access-date=January 13, 2012}}</ref> early settlers decided to keep the name "Norman."<ref name="OU_Press" /><ref name="About_Norman" /> On {{nowrap|April 22}}, 1889, that first Land Run in what would become the state of Oklahoma saw the founding of Norman, with at least 150 residents spending the night in makeshift campsites,<ref name="OU_Press" /> and by the next morning a downtown was already being constructed.<ref name="OU_Press" /> Almost immediately two prominent Norman businessmen, former Purcell railroad freight agent Delbert Larsh and railroad station chief cashier Thomas Waggoner, began lobbying for the territorial government to locate its first university in Norman.<ref name="OU_Press" /> The two were interested in growing the city and had reasoned that, rather than try to influence territorial lawmakers to locate the heavily contested territory capital in Norman, it made sense to attempt to secure the state's first university instead (a move that would be far less controversial).<ref name="OU_Press" /> On {{nowrap|December 19}}, 1890, Larsh and Waggoner were successful with the passage of Territorial Council Bill 114, establishing the [[University of Oklahoma]] in Norman about 18 years before Oklahoma statehood.<ref name="OU_Press" /> The City of Norman was formally incorporated on {{nowrap|May 13}}, 1891.<ref name="Norman_Incorporated">{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/city-government |publisher=City of Norman |title=Norman: Our History |access-date=October 2, 2010 |archive-date=October 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005064717/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/city-government |url-status=dead }}</ref> The new Norman was a [[sundown town]]. African Americans were not allowed to live within the city limits or stay overnight until the early 1960s,<ref>{{cite news |title=Colored Man Loses His Suit |work=[[Chicago Inter Ocean|The Sunday Inter Ocean]] |location=Chicago |date=September 17, 1899 |page=19 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29070441/ |via=Newspapers.com |quote=Negroes are not allowed to live or work in the town of Norman, containing 2,000 population. Last winter a negro went there to put a tin roof on a building. He was attacked by a mob and cruelly beaten. He brought suit for $20,000 against the town, claiming that the police officers failed to protect him.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=From Oklahoma: Interesting Letter From Mr. S. M. Worthington Who is Visiting at Norman |first=S.M. |last=Worthington |work=The Evening Bulletin |location=Maysville, KY |date=December 17, 1902 |page=1 |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87060190/1902-12-17/ed-1/seq-1/ |via=Chronicling America |quote=The negro is thought less of here than the Indian. A negro is not allowed to live or stay in this town. They are hounded and driven out, mostly by the ultra abolitionists and hoodlums of the town.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Negro Women Should be Members of DAR, Pickens Tells Students |work=[[Pittsburgh Courier]] |location=Pittsburgh |date=March 16, 1940 |page=3 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29073712/ |via=Newspapers.com |quote=William Pickens set a precedent last week when he led the forum meeting at the University of Oklahoma at Norman, a town near here where Negroes are not allowed to live, and several years ago 'dared not be seen after dark.'}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Rights Commission Changes Norman |first=Nancy |last=Mathis |work=[[The Oklahoman|The Sunday Oklahoman]] |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma |date=October 14, 1979 |page=24A |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29385152/ |via=Newspapers.com |quote='Norman was a very traditional Southern town,' [Norman Human Rights Commission chair Richard] Kenderdine said, explaining reasons for the opposition. Until the early 1960s, Norman was known as a 'sundown town' where blacks dared not be seen in public after dark, he said. And even in the late 1960s, blacks had trouble buying homes in Norman, he said.}}</ref> nor could they study at the University of Oklahoma. In 2020, the Norman City Council issued an apology.<ref>{{cite news |title=Norman City Council Passes 'Sundown Town' Apology Proclamation |date=January 28, 2020 |first=Storme |last=Jones |newspaper=News 9 ([[KWTV-DT]]) |url=https://www.news9.com/story/5e345f2f3196993fcfd05f37/norman-city-council-passes-sundown-town-apology-proclamation}}</ref> Norman has grown throughout the decades. By 1902 the downtown district contained two banks, two hotels, a flour mill, and other businesses; by 1913 over 3,700 people lived in Norman when the [[Oklahoma Railway Company]] decided to extend its [[interurban]] [[streetcar]] running from Oklahoma City to [[Moore, Oklahoma|Moore]] into Norman, spurring additional population growth.<ref name="odell">{{cite web |last=O'Dell |first=Larry |title=Norman |url=http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=NO006 |publisher=Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History |access-date=July 27, 2013}}</ref> The rail lines eventually transitioned to freight during the 1940s as the [[United States Numbered Highway]] system developed. The population reached 11,429 in 1940.<ref name="Decennials">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |title=Census of Population and Housing |access-date=January 7, 2012}}</ref> With the completion of [[Interstate 35 in Oklahoma|Interstate 35]] in June 1959,<ref name="oklahoman1">{{cite news |last=Cockerell |first=Penny |date=June 29, 2006 |title=50 Years: As the intersection of Interstates 35, 40 and 44, Oklahoma is at America's crossroads |pages=[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119848509/50-years-as-the-intersection-of/ 1A]–[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119848531/50-years-interstates-cont/ 2A] |work=The Daily Oklahoman |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119848509/50-years-as-the-intersection-of/ |via=Newspapers.com |access-date=February 27, 2023}}</ref> Norman found its role as a [[bedroom community]] to Oklahoma City increasing rapidly; in 1960 Norman's population was 33,412 but by the end of the decade had grown to 52,117.<ref name="odell" /><ref name="Decennials" /> Throughout the 1960s Norman's land mass increased by {{cvt|174|sqmi|km2|sigfig=2}} by annexing surrounding areas.<ref name="odell" /> The city's growth trends have continued early in the 21st century, with the population reaching 95,694 in 2000,<ref name="odell" /><ref name="Decennials" /> 110,925 in 2010,<ref name="Decennials" /><ref name="2010_Population" /> and 128,026 in 2020.<ref name="Decennials" /> ===Military in Norman=== In 1941, the [[University of Oklahoma]] and Norman city officials established Max Westheimer Field, a university airstrip, and then leased it to the [[U.S. Navy]] as a Naval Flight Training Center in 1942.<ref name="odell" /> It became the [[Naval Air Station Norman]], and it was used for training combat pilots during [[World War II]]. A second training center, known as Naval Air Technical Training Center, and a naval hospital were later established to the south.<ref name="odell"/> In the years following World War II the airstrip was transferred back to the university's control.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rv-9.com/maxwf.html |publisher=rv-9.com |title=Max Westheimer Field |access-date=August 1, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227075729/http://www.rv-9.com/maxwf.html |archive-date=December 27, 2010 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Today the airstrip is called the [[University of Oklahoma Westheimer Airport]]. Following the war the remaining military presence and post-war veterans who came to Norman to get an education again grew the city's population, which was 27,006 by 1950.<ref name="odell"/><ref name="Decennials" /> The Navy again utilized the bases in a lesser capacity from 1952 to 1959 in support of the [[Korean War]] effort.<ref name="odell"/> ==Geography== As of 2010, the city has a total area of {{cvt|189.42|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{cvt|178.77|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{cvt|10.65|sqmi|km2}} is water.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/gazetteer/2013_Gazetteer/2013_gaz_place_40.txt |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140621030904/http://www2.census.gov/geo/gazetteer/2013_Gazetteer/2013_gaz_place_40.txt |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 21, 2014 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |title=Places |access-date=June 20, 2014}}</ref> The center of this large incorporated area is {{cvt|20|mi|km|sigfig=1}} from the center of [[Oklahoma City]], and separated primarily by [[Moore, Oklahoma|Moore]], is in the [[Oklahoma City metropolitan area]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/bulletins/b10-02.pdf |publisher=U.S. Office of Management and Budget |title=OMB Bulletin No. 10-02 |access-date=July 31, 2010}}</ref> ===Topography=== Norman and the surrounding areas are mostly flat with an elevation near {{cvt|1171|ft}}.<ref name="OK_Climate">{{cite web |url=http://climate.ok.gov/index.php/site/page/climate_of_oklahoma |publisher=Oklahoma Climatological Survey |title=Climate of Oklahoma |access-date=January 7, 2012}}</ref> The terrain in the western section of Norman is prairie,<ref name="Cleveland_Climate">{{cite web |url=http://climate.mesonet.org/county_climate/Products/County_Climatologies/county_climate_cleveland.pdf |publisher=Oklahoma Climatological Survey |title=The Climate of Cleveland County |access-date=January 7, 2012}}</ref> while the eastern section, including the area surrounding [[Lake Thunderbird]], consists of some {{cvt|6000|acre|km2|0}} of lakes and [[Cross Timbers]] forest.<ref name="Cleveland_Climate" /> ==Neighborhoods== [[File:WestNorman.jpg|thumb|A neighborhood in west Norman]] Norman has a wide variety of neighborhoods. Downtown Norman is an area of approximately {{cvt|2|sqmi|km2|0}} bounded by University Blvd., Symmes St., Porter Ave., and Daws St.; primary streets include Main St. and Gray St.<ref name="Downtown_Norman">{{cite web |url=http://www.downtownnorman.com/contact.html |publisher=Downtown Norman |title=Contact |access-date=January 14, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110504000404/http://www.downtownnorman.com/contact.html |archive-date=May 4, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The area consists of restaurants, art galleries, and other businesses;<ref name="Downtown_Norman" /> it is home to some of the oldest buildings in Oklahoma.<ref name="Centennial Book">{{cite book |first=John Michael |last=Caldwell |title=A Centennial Album of Cleveland County 1889 – 1989 |year=1989 |publisher=Norman Transcript Press |location=Norman, OK |lccn=89-61096|display-authors=etal}}</ref> [[Hall Park, Oklahoma|Hall Park]] is an area northeast of downtown Norman that was originally an independent township; in 2005 it was [[annexed]] into Norman, becoming one of its neighborhoods.<ref name="Hall Park">{{cite web |url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/H/HA005.html |publisher=Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture |title=Hall Park |access-date=August 17, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100720165925/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/H/HA005.html |archive-date=July 20, 2010 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The area is home to many middle-class suburban homes and is historically important in that it was advertised as the United States' first "all-electric town."<ref name="Hall Park" /> President [[Ronald Reagan]], then an executive with [[General Electric]], attended Hall Park's grand opening ceremonies in 1962 where he was named the town's honorary first mayor.<ref name="Hall Park" /> [[File:CampusCorner.JPG|left|thumb|Campus Corner near Boyd and Asp]] The [[University of Oklahoma]] and the area surrounding it are home to many historically significant neighborhoods.<ref name="Historic_Preservation">{{cite web |url=http://www.normanok.gov/planning/historic-preservation |publisher=City of Norman |title=Historic Preservation |access-date=January 14, 2012 |archive-date=January 27, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127155727/http://www.normanok.gov/planning/historic-preservation |url-status=dead }}</ref> The university itself has a unique [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic-inspired architecture]] known as "Cherokee Gothic," so named by architect [[Frank Lloyd Wright]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ou.edu/discover/discover_home/virtual_tour/evans_hall.html |publisher=University of Oklahoma |title=Evans Hall |access-date=August 17, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528132138/http://www.ou.edu/discover/discover_home/virtual_tour/evans_hall.html |archive-date=May 28, 2010 |df=mdy}}</ref> Churches and houses in the surrounding neighborhoods can be described as [[neo-Gothic]] or [[Queen Anne Style architecture (United States)|Queen Anne]] in style. Norman has two city-designated [[historic preservation]] districts in the area: the Miller Historic District, bounded by Symmes St., Classen Blvd., and Miller Ave.;<ref name="Historic_Preservation" /> and the Chautauqua Historic District, bounded by Symmes St., Brooks St., Chautauqua Ave., and Lahoma Ave.<ref name="Historic_Preservation" /> Both of these residential neighborhoods contain houses designed from a mixture of architectural styles dating from 1903 to 1935, with the majority of the Miller neighborhood being of the [[Bungalow]] or [[American Craftsman]] style homes.<ref name="Historic_Preservation" /> Any external changes or repairs to homes in these areas must be approved by the Norman Historic Preservation Commission.<ref name="Historic_Preservation" /> The area immediately north of the university is known as [[Campus Corner]] and contains a mixture of businesses, bars, and restaurants.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oucampuscorner.com |publisher=Campus Corner |title=Campus Corner |access-date=August 17, 2010}}</ref> The neighborhoods to the east of the campus are home to many students, both in residential housing and high-rise condos/apartments.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oudaily.com/news/2004/apr/30/new-sites-to-open/ |publisher=OU Daily |title=New Sites to Open |access-date=August 29, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005075145/http://oudaily.com/news/2004/apr/30/new-sites-to-open/ |archive-date=October 5, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Norman enjoys many tree-lined landscapes, participating in the ReLeaf Norman and [[Tree City USA]] programs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/releaf-norman |publisher=City of Norman |title=ReLeaf Norman |access-date=October 2, 2010 |archive-date=October 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005064744/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/releaf-norman |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.forestry.ok.gov/tree-citytree-line-usa-programs |publisher=OK Dept. of Forestry |title=Tree City/Tree Line USA Programs |access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.arborday.org/programs/treeCityUSA/treecities.cfm?chosenstate=Oklahoma |publisher=Tree City USA |title=Tree Cities |access-date=August 17, 2010}}</ref> ===Climate=== {{See also|List of Cleveland County, Oklahoma tornadoes}} {{Weather box |collapsed= |single line= Y |location= Norman 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1894–present{{efn|For more information on the location of the site, see [https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org Threadex].}} |Jan high F= 49.9 |Feb high F= 54.4 |Mar high F= 63.2 |Apr high F= 71.4 |May high F= 78.8 |Jun high F= 87.2 |Jul high F= 92.5 |Aug high F= 92.1 |Sep high F= 84.2 |Oct high F= 73.7 |Nov high F= 61.8 |Dec high F= 51.6 |year high F=71.7 <!--Mean daily temperature--> |Jan mean F= 38.8 |Feb mean F= 42.9 |Mar mean F= 51.5 |Apr mean F= 59.8 |May mean F= 68.6 |Jun mean F= 77.3 |Jul mean F= 81.8 |Aug mean F= 81.2 |Sep mean F= 73.2 |Oct mean F= 62.0 |Nov mean F= 50.3 |Dec mean F= 41.1 |year mean F=60.7 |Jan low F= 27.7 |Feb low F= 31.3 |Mar low F= 39.8 |Apr low F= 48.2 |May low F= 58.4 |Jun low F= 67.3 |Jul low F= 71.2 |Aug low F= 70.2 |Sep low F= 62.2 |Oct low F= 50.3 |Nov low F= 38.8 |Dec low F= 30.6 |year low F=49.7 |Jan record high F= 81 |Feb record high F= 90 |Mar record high F= 97 |Apr record high F= 99 |May record high F= 102 |Jun record high F= 109 |Jul record high F= 112 |Aug record high F= 116 |Sep record high F= 107 |Oct record high F= 100 |Nov record high F= 91 |Dec record high F= 86 |year record high F=116 |Jan record low F= −9 |Feb record low F= −17 |Mar record low F= 1 |Apr record low F= 20 |May record low F= 28 |Jun record low F= 43 |Jul record low F= 52 |Aug record low F= 47 |Sep record low F= 32 |Oct record low F= 10 |Nov record low F= 5 |Dec record low F= −3 |year record low F= −17 |precipitation colour= green |Jan precipitation inch= 1.37 |Feb precipitation inch= 1.60 |Mar precipitation inch= 2.80 |Apr precipitation inch= 3.48 |May precipitation inch= 5.14 |Jun precipitation inch= 4.79 |Jul precipitation inch= 3.71 |Aug precipitation inch= 3.61 |Sep precipitation inch= 3.68 |Oct precipitation inch= 3.43 |Nov precipitation inch= 2.04 |Dec precipitation inch= 2.00 |year precipitation inch=37.65 <!--Snowfall--> |Jan snow inch= 1.2 |Feb snow inch= 1.2 |Mar snow inch= 0.2 |Apr snow inch= 0 |May snow inch= 0 |Jun snow inch= 0 |Jul snow inch= 0 |Aug snow inch= 0 |Sep snow inch= 0 |Oct snow inch= 0 |Nov snow inch= 0.5 |Dec snow inch= 1.0 |year snow inch=4.1 <!--Average number of precipitation days--> |unit precipitation days= 0.01 in |Jan precipitation days= 5.2 |Feb precipitation days= 5.8 |Mar precipitation days= 7.4 |Apr precipitation days= 8.0 |May precipitation days= 10.4 |Jun precipitation days= 9.2 |Jul precipitation days= 6.3 |Aug precipitation days= 7.0 |Sep precipitation days= 7.4 |Oct precipitation days= 7.2 |Nov precipitation days= 5.6 |Dec precipitation days= 5.9 |year precipitation days=85.4 <!--Average number of snowy days--> |unit snow days= 0.1 in |Jan snow days= 0.9 |Feb snow days= 1.3 |Mar snow days= 0.3 |Apr snow days= 0 |May snow days= 0 |Jun snow days= 0 |Jul snow days= 0 |Aug snow days= 0 |Sep snow days= 0 |Oct snow days= 0 |Nov snow days= 0.2 |Dec snow days= 1.2 |year snow days=4.0 <!--Mandatory fields, source--> |source 1= [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name=NOWData>{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=oun |title=NOWData |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=June 1, 2021}}</ref><ref name= "NOAA txt">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00346386&format=pdf |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |title=Station: NORMAN 3SSE, OK US |work=U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020) |access-date=June 1, 2021}}</ref> }} Norman falls within a [[temperate]], [[humid subtropical climate]] region that is identified as "Cfa" class on the [[Köppen climate classification]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://snow.cals.uidaho.edu/clim_map/Köppen_usa_map.htm |publisher=University of Idaho |title=Köppen Climate Classification for the Conterminous United States |access-date=January 7, 2012}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> On average Norman receives about {{cvt|38|in|mm}} of precipitation per year;<ref name="NOWData" /> May and June are the wettest months.<ref name="NOWData" /> Temperatures average {{cvt|61|°F|°C}} for the year.<ref name="Cleveland_Climate" /><ref name="NOWData" /> Average daytime highs range from {{cvt|50|°F|°C}} in January to {{cvt|92.5|°F|°C}} in July; average lows range from around {{cvt|28|°F|°C}} in January to {{cvt|71|°F|°C}} in July.<ref name="Cleveland_Climate" /><ref name="NOWData" /> Summers can be extremely hot, as was evident in the historically hot summer of 1980, and again in 2011, when temperatures climbed above {{cvt|100|°F|°C}} over most days from mid-June through early September<ref name="NOWData" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/x1552632446/Heat-wave-continues-as-Oklahoma-death-toll-hits-15 |publisher=Norman Transcript |title=Heat wave continues as Oklahoma death toll hits 15 |access-date=January 7, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613221746/http://normantranscript.com/x1552632446/Heat-wave-continues-as-Oklahoma-death-toll-hits-15 |archive-date=June 13, 2013 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Consistent winds, averaging near {{cvt|10|mph|km/h}} and usually from the south to southeast, help to temper hotter weather during the summer and intensify cold periods during the winter.<ref name="Cleveland_Climate" /> [[File:Cloud-to-ground lightning2 - NOAA.jpg|thumb|left|Lightning strikes Norman during a nighttime thunderstorm]] The average growing season in Norman is 209 days, but plants that can withstand short periods of colder temperatures may have an additional three to six weeks.<ref name="Cleveland_Climate" /> Winter months tend to be cloudier than those in summer, with the percentage of possible sunshine ranging from an average of about 55% in winter to nearly 80% in summer.<ref name="Cleveland_Climate" /> Norman lies within an area colloquially referred to as "[[Tornado Alley]]", a region of the United States known for frequent tornadic activity, and the [[Oklahoma City metropolitan area]], which encompasses Norman, is known for being one of the more tornado-prone areas in the United States.<ref name="Tornado_Alley">{{cite web |title=What is Tornado Alley? |url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/index.html#alley1 |access-date=January 7, 2012 |publisher=NOAA}}</ref><ref name="Tornado2">{{cite web |title=Tornadoes in the Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Area Since 1890 |url=https://www.weather.gov/oun/tornadodata-okc |access-date=June 26, 2023 |publisher=National Weather Service}}</ref> The risk for tornadoes is greatest in the springtime months of March through June when the majority of all reported tornadoes occur.<ref name="Tornado2" /> Severe weather, including tornadoes, still occurs outside this range. Notably, a high-end [[Enhanced Fujita scale|EF2 tornado]] tore through the southeastern side of Norman on the night of [[February 2023 North American storm complex|February 26, 2023]], passing within a mile of the NWC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=US Department of Commerce |first=NOAA |title=The Severe Weather and Tornado Outbreak of February 26, 2023 |url=https://www.weather.gov/oun/events-20230226 |access-date=2023-06-26 |website=National Weather Service |language=EN-US}}</ref> There have been several other tornado events in recent years. On [[Tornado outbreak of May 10–13, 2010|May 10, 2010]], numerous tornadoes occurred in [[Cleveland County, Oklahoma|Cleveland County]], resulting in the loss of multiple homes and businesses within Norman city limits. Weak tornadoes also struck Norman on [[Tornado outbreak of April 13–16, 2012|April 13, 2012]] and [[Tornado outbreak sequence of May 5–10, 2015|May 6, 2015]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/local/x433568766/Several-businesses-damaged-by-Monday-tornado |publisher=The Norman Transcript |title=Several businesses damaged by Monday tornado |access-date=May 16, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714183439/http://normantranscript.com/local/x433568766/Several-businesses-damaged-by-Monday-tornado |archive-date=July 14, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/headlines/x433567446/Tornadoes-rated-EF2-EF3 |publisher=The Norman Transcript |title=Tornadoes rated EF2, EF3 |access-date=May 16, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712183111/http://normantranscript.com/headlines/x433567446/Tornadoes-rated-EF2-EF3 |archive-date=July 12, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> {{clear}} ==Demographics== {{US Census population | 1890 = 787 | 1900 = 2225 | 1910 = 3724 | 1920 = 5004 | 1930 = 9603 | 1940 = 11429 | 1950 = 27006 | 1960 = 33412 | 1970 = 52117 | 1980 = 68020 | 1990 = 80071 | 2000 = 95694 | 2010 = 110925 | 2020 = 128026 | estyear = 2022 | estimate = 129627 | estref = <ref name="QuickFacts: Norman city, Oklahoma">{{Cite web |title=QuickFacts: Norman city, Oklahoma |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/normancityoklahoma |access-date=2023-06-26 |website=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> | footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |author=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=August 30, 2014 |df=mdy}}</ref> }} As of the census of 2010, there were 110,925 people, 44,661 households, and 24,913 families residing within the city.<ref name="2010_Census">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |title=Profile of General Population |access-date=July 24, 2013 |df=mdy}}</ref> By population, Norman was the third-largest city in Oklahoma<ref name="2010_Population">{{cite web |url=http://www.geonames.org/US/OK/largest-cities-in-oklahoma.html |publisher=GeoNames |title=Biggest Cities in Oklahoma |access-date=October 2, 2010}}</ref> and the [[List of United States cities by population|225th-largest city]] in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |title=U.S. Census website |access-date=January 13, 2012}}</ref> The population density was {{convert|616|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.<ref name="City_Data" /> The racial makeup of the city was 84.7% White, 4.3% African American, 4.7% [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]], 3.8% [[Asian people|Asian]], 0.1% [[Pacific Islander]], 1.9% from other races, and 5.5% from two or more races.<ref name="2010_Census" /> [[Hispanic]] or Latino of any race were 6.4% of the population.<ref name="2010_Census" /> Of the 44,661 households, 25.0% had children under the age of 18, 41.5% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.2% were non-families.<ref name="2010_Census" /> Individuals living alone made up 30.7% of all households; 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name="2010_Census" /> The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.94.<ref name="2010_Census" /> The age distribution was 5.8% under the age of 5, 5.7% from 5 to 9, 5.2% from 10 to 14, 8.9% from 15 to 19, 16.0% from 20 to 24, 9.0% from 25 to 29, 6.6% from 30 to 34, 5.6% from 35 to 39, 5.3% from 40 to 44, 5.9% from 45 to 49, 5.9% from 50 to 54, 5.4% from 55 to 59, 4.6% from 60 to 64, 3.2% from 65 to 69, 2.3% from 70 to 74, 1.8% from 75 to 79, 1.4% from 80 to 84, and 1.3% over 85 years of age.<ref name="2010_Census" /> The median age was 29.6 years.<ref name="2010_Census" /> [[Males]] made up 49.7% of the population while [[females]] made up 50.3%.<ref name="2010_Census" /> The median household income in the city was $44,396, and the median income for a family was $62,826.<ref name="2010_Census_Income">{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_1YR/DP03/1600000US4052500 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212083444/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_1YR/DP03/1600000US4052500 |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |title=Select Economic Characteristics |access-date=January 10, 2012}}</ref> Males had a median income of $41,859 versus $35,777 for females.<ref name="2010_Census_Income" /> The per capita income for the city was $24,586.<ref name="2010_Census_Income" /> About 11.8% of families and 19.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="2010_Census_Income" /> Although religious information is not collected by the U.S. census, according to a 2000 survey by Dale E. Jones of the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies, 50.2% of the population in Norman is affiliated with a religious institution.<ref name="City_Data" /> Of those 43.6% were [[Southern Baptist]], 15.0% [[Catholic Church]], 13.0% [[United Methodist]], 3.3% [[Assembly of God]], 2.8% [[Churches of Christ]], 2.1% Latter-day Saint ([[Mormon]]), 2.1% [[Christian Churches and Churches of Christ]], 1.9% [[Disciples of Christ]], 1.7% [[Presbyterian Church]], and 14.6% other [[Christian denominations]] or religions.<ref name="City_Data" /> ==Economy== [[File:National Weather Center 6-20-2006 3-48-27 PM.jpg|thumb|[[National Weather Center]] at the University of Oklahoma]] The [[University of Oklahoma]] employs over 11,600 personnel across three campuses, making it a significant driver of Norman's economy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hr.ou.edu/employee_resources/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070721023141/http://hr.ou.edu/employee_resources/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 21, 2007 |publisher=University of Oklahoma |title=Human Resources |access-date=September 26, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The City of Norman, Oklahoma Annual Comprehensive Financial Report Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2022 |url=https://www.normanok.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2022-12/fye_2022_acfr.pdf |access-date=June 26, 2023}}</ref> The campus is a center for scientific and technological research, having contributed over $277 million to such programs in 2009.<ref name="OU Facts"/> Norman is also home of the [[National Weather Center]], a cooperative research effort between the [[University of Oklahoma]] and the [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] that houses a number of weather- and [[climate]]-related organizations;<ref name="NWC">{{cite web |url=http://www.nwc.ou.edu/ |publisher=National Weather Center |title=National Weather Center |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref> the city is also the location of the National Weather Museum & Science Center.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nationalweathermuseum.com/ |title=National Weather Museum |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref> As a result of this ongoing academic and public weather research, several private [[meteorology|meteorological]] businesses are present in the city, including Weathernews Americas, Inc., Vieux and Associates, Inc., [[Verisk Analytics]], Pivotal Weather, and [[DTN (company)|DTN]] (formerly Weather Decision Technologies).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cca.normanchamber.com/webforms/WEATHER-COMPANY-__129825_category.aspx8 |title=Norman Chamber of Commerce |access-date=June 27, 2021 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://global.weathernews.com/global-network/oklahoma/ |title=Weathernews America, Inc. |date=September 10, 2015 |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aer.com/about-us/contact/ |title=AER (Verisk Analytics) |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://home.pivotalweather.com/our-company |title=Pivotal Weather |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref> In addition to weather, Norman is a center for other scientific ventures, public and private. The Oklahoma Geological Survey, which conducts geological research,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ogs.ou.edu |publisher=Oklahoma Geological Survey |title=Oklahoma Geological Survey |access-date=August 7, 2010}}</ref> and the Oklahoma Renewable Energy Council, which is a public-private alliance that fosters [[renewable energy]] technology with the aim of establishing more viable applications, make the city their home.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seic.okstate.edu/OREC/ |publisher=Oklahoma Renewable Energy Council |title=Oklahoma Renewable Energy Council |access-date=August 7, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612192720/http://www.seic.okstate.edu/orec/ |archive-date=June 12, 2010 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Southwest NanoTechnologies is a producer of single-walled [[carbon nanotube]]s.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/al-eisele/a-new-silicon-valley-on-t_b_132448.html |work=Huffington Post |title=A New Silicon Valley on the Oklahoma Prairie? |access-date=February 7, 2009 |first=Al |last=Eisele |date=November 6, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nanotech-now.com/news.cgi?story_id=30826 |publisher=Nanotechnology Now |title=SWeNT Opens Commercial-Scale Nanotube Manufacturing Plant |access-date=February 7, 2009}}</ref> Bergey Windpower is a supplier of [[small wind turbine]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bergey.com/ |title=Bergey Windpower, Inc |access-date=January 30, 2010}}</ref> [[File:Norman July 2019 15 (E Main Street).jpg|thumb|Main Street in downtown Norman]] Other major employers in the city include Norman Regional Health System, [[Norman Public Schools]], [[Johnson Controls]], Griffin Memorial Hospital, [[Hitachi]], [[Astellas Pharma]] Technologies, Albon Engineering, Xyant Technology, [[MSCI]], [[SITEL]], the [[United States Postal Service]] National Center for Employee Development, [[Sysco|Sysco Corporation]], and [[AT&T]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normanchamber.com/pages/employment |publisher=Norman Chamber of Commerce |title=Employment |access-date=August 7, 2010 |archive-date=August 11, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811211726/http://www.normanchamber.com/pages/employment |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Fair trade=== In 2010, Norman became the 17th city in the United States to adopt a council resolution giving it status as a [[Fair trade|Fair Trade]] Town.<ref name="FairTradeTown">{{cite web |url=http://transfairusa.org/fttowns/?p=296 |publisher=Fair Trade Towns USA |title=Norman, OK – Fair Trade Town #17!!! |access-date=August 16, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normanfairtrade.org/ |publisher=Norman Fair Trade |title=Norman Fair Trade |access-date=August 16, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804153946/http://www.normanfairtrade.org/ |archive-date=August 4, 2010 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The resolution states that the city of Norman supports the purchasing of goods from the local community; when goods cannot be purchased locally the city will support buying from producers abroad who meet Fair Trade standards.<ref name="FairTradeTown" /> These standards include supporting quality of life in developing countries and planning for environmental sustainability.<ref name="FairTradeTown" /> ===Top employers=== According to the Norman's 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.normanok.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2020-12/cafr_fye_2020_final.pdf |title=The City of Norman, OK Comprehensive Annual Financial Report Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2020 |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref> the top employers in the city are: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! # ! Employer ! # of employees |- |1 |[[University of Oklahoma]] |11,085 |- |2 |[[Norman Regional Hospital]] |3,040 |- |3 |[[Norman Public Schools]] |1,923 |- |4 |[[York International|York International/Johnson Controls]] |1,030 |- |5 |[[Walmart]] |950 |- |6 |City of Norman |896 |- |7 |[[Hitachi]] |400 |- |8 |[[NOAA]] |400 |- |9 |[[Cleveland County, Oklahoma|Cleveland County]] |396 |- |10 |[[Target Corporation|Target]] |380 |- |} ==Arts and culture== ===Museums and theater=== [[File:University of Oklahoma July 2019 78 (Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art).jpg|right|thumb|[[Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art]]]] Norman enjoys many cultural attractions that are funded by the university. The [[Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art]] made national and international news in 2000 when it was given the Weitzenhoffer Collection, the largest collection of [[Impressionism|French Impressionist]] art ever given to an American university.<ref name="WC">{{cite web |url=http://www.ou.edu/artcollections/collections/collections-weitzenhoffer.html |publisher=University of Oklahoma |title=Weitzenhoffer Collection |access-date=July 24, 2013}}</ref><ref name="FJ2">{{cite web |url=http://www.nyartsmagazine.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4582&Itemid=705 |publisher=NY Art Magazine |title=Cityscape: Norman, OK |access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref><ref name="FJ3">{{cite web |url=http://oudaily.com/news/2006/aug/23/art-museum-drawing-national-attention |publisher=OU Daily |title=Art museum drawing national attention |access-date=August 29, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005075229/http://oudaily.com/news/2006/aug/23/art-museum-drawing-national-attention/ |archive-date=October 5, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The collection includes works by [[Mary Cassatt]], [[Claude Monet]], [[Vincent van Gogh]], [[Paul Gauguin]], [[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]], and [[Camille Pissarro]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ou.edu/artcollections/collections/collections-weitzenhoffer.html |publisher=Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art |title=Weitzenhoffer Collection |access-date=January 7, 2012}}</ref> The [[Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History]] is a museum containing over {{cvt|50000|sqft|m2|sigfig=1}} of exhibits<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/information.htm |publisher=Sam Noble Museum of Natural History |title=General Information |access-date=January 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229212637/http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/information.htm |archive-date=December 29, 2011 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> ranging from [[archaeology]], [[paleontology]], [[ethnology]], [[herpetology]], [[ornithology]], and [[Native American studies]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/collections-research/index.html |publisher=Sam Noble Museum of Natural History |title=Collections |access-date=January 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404204254/http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/collections-research/index.html |archive-date=April 4, 2013 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Its exhibits are intended to immerse visitors in the state's long history. The museum features many complete collections of [[dinosaur]] fossils and is also noted for its [[Paleozoic]] collection, considered to be one of the largest and most important in existence.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/collections-research/vertpaleo.htm |publisher=University of Oklahoma |title=Vertebrate Paleontology Main Page |access-date=December 6, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091123221047/http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/collections-research/vertpaleo.htm |archive-date=November 23, 2009 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The [[Moore-Lindsay House]] is a [[Queen Anne Style architecture (United States)|Queen Anne]]-style home built prior to 1900 by prominent Norman [[home builder]] William Moore;<ref name="Centennial Book"/> it was purchased by the city of Norman in 1973 and today serves as the city and [[Cleveland County, Oklahoma|Cleveland County's]] historical museum.<ref name="CCHS">{{cite web |url=http://www.normanhistorichouse.org/gpage3.html |publisher=Cleveland County Historical Society |title=Cleveland County Historical Society |access-date=August 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727130621/http://www.normanhistorichouse.org/gpage3.html |archive-date=July 27, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Located at 508 N. Peters, the Moore-Lindsay House's architecture is representative of Norman during the [[Victorian era]].<ref name="CCHS" /> The Cleveland County Historical Society maintains a collection of over 5,000 rare books, documents, and other artifacts in its archives located inside the house.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/local/x546387704/Moore-Lindsay-Historical-House-hosting-Victorian-All-Hallows-Eve-Open-House-tonight-and-Saturday |publisher=Norman Transcript |title=Moore-Lindsay Historical House hosting Victorian All-Hallows Eve Open House tonight and Saturday |access-date=August 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120711204226/http://normantranscript.com/local/x546387704/Moore-Lindsay-Historical-House-hosting-Victorian-All-Hallows-Eve-Open-House-tonight-and-Saturday |archive-date=July 11, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Catlett Music Center at the [[University of Oklahoma]] features many orchestral and jazz performances and the [[Weitzenhoffer Family College of Fine Arts]]' Schools of Dance, Drama, and Musical Theatre offer many student programs throughout the year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://music.ou.edu/facilities/catlett.html |publisher=University of Oklahoma |title=Catlett Music Center |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> The city is also home to many privately funded galleries and performance sites.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normanarts.org/ |publisher=Norman Arts Council |title=Norman Arts Council |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> ===Community events=== Norman hosts many free festivals and community events that occur throughout the year. The Norman Medieval Fair is a celebration of [[medieval]]-themed games, art, and culture, with highlights of jousting, human chessmatch combats & other combat shows, and several musical & dance acts. The event is typically held during the last weekend of March or first weekend of April in Reaves Park, near the university. It has been held annually in Norman since 1976 and was originally a forum for the English Department at the [[University of Oklahoma]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://medievalfair.occe.ou.edu/history.html |publisher=Medieval Fair |title=History of Medieval Fair |access-date=December 28, 2009 |archive-date=July 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720024632/http://medievalfair.occe.ou.edu/history.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is the largest weekend event held in the state of [[Oklahoma]], with over 325,000 people in attendance in 2006 and growing yearly.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/entertainment/local_story_082004046 |publisher=The Norman Transcript |title=Medieval Fair |access-date=December 28, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120719122558/http://normantranscript.com/entertainment/local_story_082004046 |archive-date=July 19, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Events Media Network has named Medieval Fair one of the top 100 events in the United States. [[Norman Music Festival]] is an annual weekend music festival held in April in downtown Norman. Established in 2008, the event had over 26,000 people in attendance during the 2009 festival.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normantranscript.com/archivesearch/local_story_257202007.html |publisher=The Norman Transcript |title=Downtown Music Festival Moving to Two-Day Event |access-date=December 28, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120912211715/http://www.normantranscript.com/archivesearch/local_story_257202007.html |archive-date=September 12, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Originally a one-day event, the festival has quickly grown so large that it is now an all-weekend concert series. The festival highlights both local musicians and internationally acclaimed artists and features many forms and styles of music.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normanmusicfestival.com/ |publisher=Norman Music Festival |title=Norman Music Festival |access-date=December 28, 2009}}</ref> Groovefest is a music festival hosted annually at Andrews Park. On the last Sunday in September, the music festival is held to help raise awareness about human rights. The event was established in 1986 by the [[University of Oklahoma]] chapter of [[Amnesty International]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.groovefest.org/ |publisher=Groovefest |title=About Groovefest |access-date=December 28, 2009}}</ref> The Chocolate Festival, the only fundraiser of the year for the city's Firehouse Arts Center, was ranked No. 3 for food festivals across America by the Food Network. This festival offers various chocolate tasting sessions, chocolate art competitions and exhibits, chocolate dessert competitions and more. It has been an annual tradition since 1983. The National Weather Festival takes place at the [[National Weather Service]] every fall, featuring [[food truck]]s, [[weather balloon]] launches, educational booths, and meet-and-greets with local [[meteorologist]]s.<ref>{{cite web |title=National Weather Festival |url=http://www.ou.edu/nwc/nwf.html |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=www.ou.edu}}</ref> Jazz in June is a music festival held the last full weekend in June at various venues across Norman. The festival features both [[jazz]] and blues musical performances as well as jazz educational [[Clinic (music)|clinics]] taught by professional musicians appearing in the festival and post-concert jam sessions at local venues which bring headliners and local artists together.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jazzinjune.org/ |publisher=Jazz in June |title=Jazz in June |access-date=December 28, 2009}}</ref> Jazz in June, one of the major cultural events in the state as well as the City of Norman, attracts a combined concert audience of 50,000 drawn from throughout the state, region and nation. Another 100,000 or more enjoy these same performances through post-festival broadcasts on KGOU Public Radio as well as other public radio stations throughout the state, region and nation. May Fair is an [[arts festival]] held every year during the first weekend in May at Andrews Park. It features top area performers, fine art, crafts, and food.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://okc.about.com/od/artsandentertainment/p/normanmayfair.htm |publisher=About.com |title=Norman's May Fair Arts Festival |access-date=December 28, 2009 |archive-date=June 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602170016/http://okc.about.com/od/artsandentertainment/p/normanmayfair.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Summer Breeze Concert Series is a series of concerts held from Spring to Fall at various park venues across Norman. The series is sponsored by the Performing Arts Studio.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepas.org/content/blogcategory/18/74/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071102163054/http://www.thepas.org/content/blogcategory/18/74/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 2, 2007 |publisher=The Performing Arts Studio |title=Summer Breeze Concert Series |access-date=December 28, 2009}}</ref> Midsummer Nights' Fair is a nighttime [[arts festival]] held during two evenings in June. The fair features art, music, and food and is held outside the Firehouse Art Center located in Lions Park.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://normanfirehouse.moonfruit.com/#/midsummer-nights-fair/4524980380 |publisher=Firehouse Art Center |title=Midsummer Nights' Fair |access-date=December 28, 2009 |archive-date=July 4, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704124913/http://normanfirehouse.moonfruit.com/#/midsummer-nights-fair/4524980380 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Norman Mardi Gras parade is a celebration of [[Mardi Gras]] occurring on the Saturday closest to [[Fat Tuesday]]. The parade is held in downtown Norman and features themed costumes and [[Float (parade)|floats]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normantranscript.com/localnews/local_story_051015121 |publisher=The Norman Transcript |title=15th annual Norman Mardi Gras Parade Saturday |access-date=December 28, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120904222847/http://www.normantranscript.com/localnews/local_story_051015121 |archive-date=September 4, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The Main Street Christmas Holiday Parade is a celebration of Christmas and the [[Christmas and holiday season|holiday season]] held every December in downtown Norman. The parade features holiday-themed costumes and [[Float (parade)|floats]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normantranscript.com/localnews/local_story_340021522 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120904094800/http://www.normantranscript.com/localnews/local_story_340021522 |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 4, 2012 |publisher=The Norman Transcript |title=Deering Selected as Holiday Parade Marshal |access-date=December 28, 2009}}</ref> ===Libraries=== Norman is served by three public libraries, Norman Public Library Central, Norman Public Library East, and Norman Public Library West, all of which are part of the 12-branch [[Pioneer Library System]] which serves the entirety of [[Cleveland County, Oklahoma|Cleveland County]], [[McClain County]] and [[Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma|Pottawatomie County]] in Central Oklahoma.<ref name="Library">{{cite web |url=http://www.pioneerlibrarysystem.org/ |publisher=Pioneer Library System |title=Norman Public Libraries |access-date=July 5, 2018}}</ref> The library has a reciprocal agreement with the [[Metropolitan Library System (Oklahoma)|Metropolitan Library System]] of Oklahoma City through which those eligible for a library card in one system are also eligible in the other.<ref name="Interlibrary">{{cite web |url=http://pioneerlibrarysystem.org/apply-for-library-card |publisher=Norman Public Library |title=How do I apply for a library card? |access-date=July 5, 2018 |archive-date=July 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706022033/http://pioneerlibrarysystem.org/apply-for-library-card |url-status=dead }}</ref> Cardholders are also able to borrow books unavailable in the PLS collection through the use of Interlibrary Loan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pioneer.lib.ok.us/illsteps |publisher=Norman Public Library |title=What is Interlibrary Loan? |access-date=January 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117182749/http://www.pioneer.lib.ok.us/illsteps |archive-date=January 17, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Books can be reserved and shipped to a local library free of charge. In addition to books, the library maintains a collection of periodicals, DVD videos, audio books, e-books and research materials.<ref name="Library" /> The [[Bizzell Memorial Library]] at the [[University of Oklahoma]] is the largest library in the state of Oklahoma, containing more than five million volumes.<ref name="Bizzell">{{cite web |url=http://libraries.ou.edu/cms/default.aspx?id=15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817171131/http://libraries.ou.edu/cms/default.aspx?id=15 |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 17, 2009 |publisher=University of Oklahoma |title=OU Libraries' Facts |access-date=August 6, 2010}}</ref> In addition to books, the library maintains over {{cvt|17000|ft|m|sigfig=2}} in length of manuscripts and archives, 1.6 million photographs, and more than 1.5 million maps.<ref name="Bizzell" /> The library also houses more than 50 books printed before the year 1500.<ref name="Bizzell" /> ==Sports== [[File:OklahomaSooners-EnterField-20070915.jpg|thumb|OU takes the field at Oklahoma Memorial Stadium.]] The University of Oklahoma sponsors many collegiate sporting events in Norman. The school is well known for its [[Oklahoma Sooners football|football program]], having won seven [[NCAA Division I]] National Football Championships.<ref name="NCAA_Champs"/> In addition, it has the best winning percentage of any [[Football Bowl Subdivision|Division I FBS]] team since the introduction of the [[AP Poll]] in 1936<ref>{{cite web |title=Oklahoma Football Quick Facts |work=SoonerSports.com |publisher=University of Oklahoma |url=http://www.soonersports.com/sports/m-footbl/archive/m-footbl-quick-facts.html |access-date=August 21, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070820100647/http://www.soonersports.com/sports/m-footbl/archive/m-footbl-quick-facts.html |archive-date=August 20, 2007 |df=mdy}}</ref> and has played in four [[BCS National Championship Game]]s since 1998.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ticketcity.com/bowl-game-tickets/bcs-champions.html |publisher=Ticket City |title=BCS Champions |access-date=January 10, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bcsfootball.org/news/story?id=4809942 |publisher=BCS Football |title=BCS, Alliance & Coalition games, year-by-year |access-date=January 10, 2012 |archive-date=October 14, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101014094904/http://www.bcsfootball.org/news/story?id=4809942 |url-status=dead }}</ref> During football season, the Oklahoma Sooners football program contributes significantly to Norman's economy. During game day weekends, Norman sees an influx out of town traffic from all over the country with over 80,000 people routinely attending [[American football|football]] games.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.travelok.com/Norman |publisher=Discover Oklahoma |title=Norman |access-date=January 13, 2012}}</ref> Norman's local businesses, especially areas around campus and Campus Corner, benefit greatly from the game day traffic alone. The program ranks in the top 10 of ESPN's top college football money-makers with home games generating revenues at approximately $59 million and game day operating expenses at about $6.1 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/headlines/x550068706/Norman-businesses-look-for-home-game-boost |publisher=Norman Transcript |title=Norman businesses look for home game boost |access-date=September 7, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130130012824/http://normantranscript.com/headlines/x550068706/Norman-businesses-look-for-home-game-boost |archive-date=January 30, 2013 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> In 1951 and 1994 its baseball team won the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] national championship,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oudaily.com/news/2004/jan/23/champs-to-return-for-diamond-dinner/ |publisher=OU Daily |title=Champs to Return for Diamond Dinner |access-date=January 10, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729045951/http://oudaily.com/news/2004/jan/23/champs-to-return-for-diamond-dinner/ |archive-date=July 29, 2013 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> and the women's softball team won the national championship in 2000, 2013, 2016, 2017, 2021, 2022, and 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://soonersports.com/news/2023/6/8/softball-sooners-complete-three-peat-win-seventh-national-title |publisher=University of Oklahoma Athletics |title= Sooners Complete Three Peat, Win Seventh National Title |access-date=June 19, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230611013856/https://soonersports.com/news/2023/6/8/softball-sooners-complete-three-peat-win-seventh-national-title |archive-date=June 11, 2023 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The men's and women's [[gymnastic]]s teams have won ten national championships since 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oudaily.com/news/2011/dec/09/no-1-mens-gymnastics-team-gear-season-saturday-int/ |publisher=OU Daily |title=No. 1 Men's Gymnastics Team to Gear Up for Season |access-date=January 10, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729052252/http://oudaily.com/news/2011/dec/09/no-1-mens-gymnastics-team-gear-season-saturday-int/ |archive-date=July 29, 2013 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Other university men's sports include: basketball, cross country, golf, gymnastics, football, Ultimate Frisbee, tennis, track and field, and wrestling.<ref name="OU_Athletics">{{cite web |url=http://www.ou.edu/content/web/left/athletics.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501121908/http://www.ou.edu/content/web/left/athletics.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 1, 2012 |publisher=University of Oklahoma |title=OU Athletics |access-date=January 10, 2012}}</ref> The OU Sooners men's hockey team competes in the American College Hockey Association, at the "club" level, but has yet to apply for higher-level play. Due to the lack of a rink in Norman, the team plays at the Blazers Ice Centre in south Oklahoma City. Women's sports include: basketball, cross country, golf, gymnastics, football, Ultimate Frisbee, rowing, soccer, softball, tennis, track and field, and volleyball.<ref name="OU_Athletics" /> The [[Golf Coaches Association of America]] (GCAA), a non-profit professional association of men's collegiate golf coaches, is located in Norman.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collegiategolf.com/about.html |title=About |publisher=Collegiategolf.com |access-date=March 30, 2014}}</ref> ==Parks and recreation== [[File:DuckPondNormanOK.jpg|thumb|Brandt Park, "The Duck Pond"]] Norman's Parks and Recreation Department facilitates 55 neighborhood and community parks, three recreation centers, a golf course and driving range, three disc golf courses, a complete swim complex with waterslides, a wading pool, 32 tennis courts, and three special services centers (that offer cultural arts and senior citizen activities). Griffin Community Park Sports Complex includes 16 soccer fields, 14 baseball/softball fields, and four football fields.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/parks/park-directory |publisher=City of Norman |title=Park Directory |access-date=December 6, 2009 |archive-date=December 6, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091206132302/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/parks/park-directory |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Government== [[File:Norman Municipal Complex.jpg|thumb|upright|City Office Buildings]] A [[council-manager government]] has been in place in Norman since the adoption of its [[city charter]] on {{nowrap|June 28}}, 1919.<ref name="City Gov">{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/city-government |publisher=City of Norman |title=City Government |access-date=July 31, 2010 |archive-date=October 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005064717/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/city-government |url-status=dead }}</ref> A [[councillor|councilor]] from each of the city's eight council [[Wards of the United States|wards]] is elected to office every two years, each serving a two-year term. Councilors are elected from their own respective wards based on a [[plurality voting system]]; a councilor from each ward serves on the Norman [[City Council]]. A mayor is elected by the entire voting population of Norman and serves as an [[at-large]] councilor; the mayor serves a three-year term. As a whole, the council acts as the legislative body of city government; it aims to pass laws, approve the city budget, and manage efficiency in the government. The City Council appoints a professional [[City Manager]] who is responsible for the city's day-to-day administrative activities.<ref name="City Gov" /> The City of Norman has approximately 650 employees working in 11 departments and 31 boards and commissions that help oversee and implement the city's policies and services.<ref name="City Gov" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/boards-commissions |publisher=City of Norman |title=Boards & Commissions |access-date=July 31, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100803071751/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/boards-commissions |archive-date=August 3, 2010 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The City Council meets biweekly in [[City Hall]], at 201 W. Gray Street; various boards and commissions meet in accordance with their own schedules.<ref name="City Gov" /> The mayor is Larry Heikkila (elected in 2022),<ref name="Taylor">{{cite news |first=Jillian |last=Taylor |title=Larry Heikkila wins Norman mayoral seat, defeats incumbent Breea Clark |date=April 5, 2022 |access-date=October 14, 2022 |website=[[OU Daily]] |location=Norman, Oklahoma |url=https://www.oudaily.com/news/larry-heikkila-wins-norman-mayoral-seat-defeats-incumbent-breea-clark/article_c111714a-b52d-11ec-b816-078b126f5f32.html}}</ref> and the city manager is Darrel Pyle (appointed in 2019).<ref>{{cite news |work=[[The Norman Transcript]] |date=June 11, 2019 |first=Mack |last=Burke |title=Pyle named city manager |access-date=October 15, 2019 |url=https://www.normantranscript.com/news/local_news/pyle-named-city-manager/article_63eb1073-77bf-57af-895a-86ff273851c9.html}}</ref> In accordance with the charter of the city of Norman, all city elected positions are [[Non-partisan democracy|nonpartisan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://library.municode.com/HTML/11352/level2/CH_ARTIICIOFEL.html |publisher=City of Norman |title=Article II, Section 11. – Partisan Designation Forbidden |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> {{hidden begin |style= font-size:100% |title= List of mayors of Norman |titlestyle= background:#F8F8FF;width:60% }} *Thomas B. Wagoner, circa 1889<ref>{{citation |url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/contents/v007toc.html |work=[[Chronicles of Oklahoma]] |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society |volume=7 |number=3 |year=1929 |title=The First Two Years |author=Dan W. Peery |via=Oklahoma State University |access-date=August 25, 2017 |archive-date=August 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826105346/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/contents/v007toc.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *Pryor Adkins, circa 1894<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.normanmuseum.org/uploads/1/8/4/8/18482356/good-winter-newsletter-1.pdf |title=Pryor V. Adkins Family and Entrepreneurship in Early Norman |work=The Round Tower |date=Spring 2015 |publisher=Cleveland County Historical Society |location=Norman}}</ref> *? *N.E. Sharp, circa 1912<ref>{{cite book |title=Oklahoma Red Book |year=1912 |location=Oklahoma City |chapter=Mayors and Clerks of Oklahoma |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KRM9AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA626 |author1=Oklahoma}}</ref> *? *T. Jack Foster, circa 1929<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.normanmuseum.org/uploads/1/8/4/8/18482356/summer-newsletter.pdf |title=T. Jack Foster: Mayor, President of the Chamber of Commerce, and the Guy Who Brought the Navy to Norman |work=The Round Tower |date=Winter 2015 |publisher=Cleveland County Historical Society |location=Norman}}</ref> *? *Al Fuzzell, circa 1952–1953<ref name=Graveyard>{{cite web |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/ofc/norman.html |title=Mayors of Norman, Oklahoma |editor=[[Lawrence Kestenbaum]] |work=[[Political Graveyard]] |access-date=April 17, 2017}}</ref> *H. W. Masters, circa 1954<ref name=Graveyard /> *Jack Milton, circa 1955<ref name=Graveyard /> *James F. Long, circa 1956<ref name=Graveyard /> *June Tompkins Benson, 1957–1960<ref name=female2007>{{cite news |url=http://www.normantranscript.com/news/local_news/norman-s-first-female-mayor-remembered-as-statesman/article_dd1d63a0-ada1-5297-b74b-f90e88ee658b.html |first=Carol L. |last=Cole |title=Norman's first female mayor remembered as statesman |date=June 24, 2007 |work=[[The Norman Transcript]]}}</ref> *Earl Sneed 1960–1965 *William S. Morgan, circa 1967<ref name=Graveyard /> *Gordon D. Masters 1969–1972 *Bill Nations, 1992–1998<ref>{{cite news |title=Bill Nations will speak on Norman Forward |date=November 25, 2016 |access-date=January 16, 2018 |website=[[The Norman Transcript]] |url=http://www.normantranscript.com/news/bill-nations-will-speak-on-norman-forward/article_498ce858-b339-11e6-be29-87f170710d0c.html}}</ref> *Bob Thompson, 1998–2001<ref>{{cite news |first=Carol |last=Cole-Frowe |title='She's just too good' |date=January 19, 2008 |access-date=January 16, 2018 |website=[[The Norman Transcript]] |url=http://www.normantranscript.com/news/local_news/she-s-just-too-good/article_c6091bab-2692-5b87-a9fb-b8e0be402c6a.html}}</ref> *Ron Henderson, 2001–2004<ref>{{cite news |title=Henderson announces candidacy for District 45 seat |date=May 17, 2008 |access-date=January 16, 2018 |website=[[The Norman Transcript]] |url=http://www.normantranscript.com/news/local_news/henderson-announces-candidacy-for-district-seat/article_3fb54960-e301-5a5f-a759-2c32a17dcd2e.html}}</ref> *Harold Haralson, circa 2005 *Cindy Simon Rosenthal, circa 2007–2016<ref name=female2007 /> *Lynne Miller, 2016–2019<ref>{{cite news |first=Leighanne |last=Manwarren |title=Norman Residents Elect New Mayor, Pass Bond |date=April 5, 2016 |access-date=January 16, 2018 |website=[[KWTV-DT]] |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma |url=http://www.news9.com/story/31651999/norman-residents-elect-new-mayor-pass-bond}}</ref> *Breea Clark, 2019–2022<ref>{{cite news |first=Beau |last=Anderson |title=Breea Clark sworn in as Norman Mayor |date=July 2, 2019 |access-date=November 1, 2019 |website=[[OU Daily]] |location=Norman, Oklahoma |url=http://www.oudaily.com/news/breea-clark-sworn-in-as-norman-mayor/article_d1629578-9d26-11e9-aac2-13f1d37d8693.html}}</ref> *Larry Heikkila, 2022–present<ref name="Taylor"/> {{hidden end}} Municipal and state laws are enforced by the Norman Police Department.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/police-department |publisher=City of Norman |title=Norman Police Department |access-date=January 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104200609/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/police-department |archive-date=January 4, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The police department consists of up to 171 commissioned officers and 71 office employees and is Oklahoma's third-largest police department.<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.normanok.gov/public-safety/police-department/about-npd |title=About the NPD |date=Fall 2022 |publisher=City of Norman |location=Norman}}</ref> The city serves as the [[county seat]] of [[Cleveland County, Oklahoma|Cleveland County]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |publisher=National Association of Counties |title=Find a County |access-date=January 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 |df=mdy}}</ref> ==Education== ===Higher education=== ====Colleges and universities==== {{Main|University of Oklahoma}} [[File:University of Oklahoma July 2019 69 (Bizzell Memorial Library).jpg|thumb|[[Bizzell Memorial Library]], University of Oklahoma]] The [[University of Oklahoma]] is the largest university in the state of Oklahoma, with approximately 30,000 students enrolled.<ref name="OU Facts" /> The university was founded in 1890, prior to Oklahoma statehood.<ref name="OU Facts">{{cite web |url=http://www.ou.edu/publicaffairs/oufacts.html |publisher=OU |title=OU Facts |access-date=August 29, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316114502/http://www.ou.edu/publicaffairs/oufacts.html |archive-date=March 16, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://education-portal.com/articles/Oklahoma_(OK)%3A_Summary_of_Oklahoma%27s_Colleges%2C_Universities%2C_and_Career_Schools.html |publisher=Education Portal |title=Summary of Oklahoma's Colleges, Universities, and Career Schools |access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref> The university includes Norman, [[Oklahoma City]] and, Tulsa campuses with the main campus located in Norman.<ref name="OU Facts" /> In 2007, ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' named the University of Oklahoma one of its "Best Value" colleges.<ref>{{cite web |title=America's Best Value Colleges |publisher=The Princeton Review |url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/bestvalue/results.asp?page=6 |access-date=June 7, 2006}}</ref> The school is ranked first per capita among public universities in enrollment of [[National Merit Scholar]]s<ref name="OU Facts" /> and has seen 28 [[Rhodes Scholars]] graduate since the program's inception in 1902.<ref name="OU Facts" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://oudaily.com/news/2010/nov/22/28th-ou-rhodes-scholar-study-english-history-en-ro/ |publisher=OU Daily |title=28th OU Rhodes Scholar to Study English |access-date=January 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110618001339/http://oudaily.com/news/2010/nov/22/28th-ou-rhodes-scholar-study-english-history-en-ro/ |archive-date=June 18, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oufoundation.org/sm/spring08/story.asp?ID=281 |publisher=OU Foundation |title=The Rhodes to Oxford |access-date=January 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080826234006/http://www.oufoundation.org/sm/spring08/story.asp?ID=281 |archive-date=August 26, 2008 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> PC Magazine and the Princeton Review rated it one of the "20 Most Wired Colleges" in both 2006<ref>{{cite news |title=Top 20 Wired Colleges |work=PC Magazine |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2073606,00.asp |access-date=April 9, 2007 |first=Susie |last=Parker-Perry |date=December 20, 2006 |archive-date=September 30, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930190133/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2073606,00.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> and 2008,<ref>{{cite news |title=Top 20 Wired Colleges |work=PC Magazine |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2329359,00.asp |access-date=September 3, 2008 |first=Eric |last=Griffith |date=September 3, 2008}}</ref> while the [[The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching|Carnegie Foundation]] classifies it as a [[research university]] with "highest research activity."<ref>{{cite web |year=2018 |title=University of Oklahoma-Norman Campus |work=Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education |publisher=Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching |url=http://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/view_institution.php?unit_id=207500 |access-date=August 15, 2018}}</ref> The school is well known for its athletic programs, having won many awards including seven [[NCAA Division I]] National Football Championships.<ref name="NCAA_Champs">{{cite web |url=http://www.soonersports.com/sports/m-footbl/archive/m-footbl-national-championships.html |title=Seven National Championships |publisher=SoonerSports |access-date=October 2, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928054731/http://www.soonersports.com/sports/m-footbl/archive/m-footbl-national-championships.html |archive-date=September 28, 2010}}</ref> ====CareerTech==== The city of Norman is served by the [[Moore Norman Technology Center]]. The school was established in 1972 and has been awarded the Oklahoma Association of Technology Center's Gold Star School Award on multiple occasions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mntechnology.com/about-mntc |publisher=Moore Norman Technology Center |title=About MNTC |access-date=December 6, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107031221/http://mntechnology.com/about-mntc |archive-date=January 7, 2010 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The Franklin Road Campus consists of six buildings totaling {{cvt|323500|sqft|m2|sigfig=3}} of classroom, meeting, and office space.<ref name="FranklinRd">{{cite web |url=http://mntechnology.com/about-mntc/franklin-road-campus |publisher=Moore-Norman Technology Center |title=Franklin Road Campus |access-date=August 6, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100727223515/http://mntechnology.com/about-mntc/franklin-road-campus |archive-date=July 27, 2010 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The school has a full-time staff of 207.<ref name="FranklinRd" /> ===Primary and secondary schools=== ====Public schools==== Public school districts in Oklahoma are independent of other local governments. Several districts overlap the municipal boundaries of the City of Norman. [[Norman Public Schools]] is the largest district serving Norman;<ref name=ClevelandCountySDMap2020>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st40_ok/schooldistrict_maps/c40027_cleveland/DC20SD_C40027.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Cleveland County, OK|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-01-28}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st40_ok/schooldistrict_maps/c40027_cleveland/DC20SD_C40027_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref> there are 15 elementary schools, four middle schools, and two high schools in the district.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.norman.k12.ok.us/ |title=Norman Public Schools |publisher=Norman Public Schools |access-date=July 31, 2010}}</ref> More than 17,000 students are enrolled in the district, making it one of the largest in the state.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.localschooldirectory.com/city-schools/Norman/OK |title=Norman Schools |publisher=Local School Directory |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> [[Noble Public Schools]] is a school district that serves southeastern portions of Norman, the adjoining cities of [[Noble, Oklahoma|Noble]] and [[Slaughterville]], and other parts of Cleveland County.<ref name=ClevelandCountySDMap2020/> It consists of two elementary schools, an intermediate school, a middle school, and a high school.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nobleps.com/SCHOOLS/Pages/default.aspx |title=Noble Public Schools |publisher=Noble Public Schools |access-date=December 28, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224015420/http://www.nobleps.com/SCHOOLS/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=December 24, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> [[Little Axe Public Schools]] serves the eastern area of Norman.<ref name=ClevelandCountySDMap2020/> It consists of an elementary, junior, and high school.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.littleaxe.k12.ok.us/ |title=Little Axe Public Schools |publisher=Little Axe Public Schools |access-date=April 3, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110422180831/http://www.littleaxe.k12.ok.us/ |archive-date=April 22, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Other school districts with territory within the city are [[McLoud Public Schools|McLoud]], [[Mid-Del School District|Mid-Del]], [[Moore Public School District|Moore]], and [[Robin Hill Public School District|Robin Hill]].<ref name=ClevelandCountySDMap2020/> ====Private schools==== [[File:University of Oklahoma July 2019 75 (Visitor Center).jpg|right|thumb|Visitor's Center, University of Oklahoma]] Several private schools also serve the area: *All Saints Catholic School ([[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Oklahoma City]]) – pre-kindergarten through 8th grade<ref name="City_Data">{{cite web |url=http://www.city-data.com/city/Norman-Oklahoma.html |publisher=City Data |title=Norman, Oklahoma |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> *Blue Eagle Christian Academy – kindergarten through 10th grade<ref name="City_Data" /> *Community Christian School – kindergarten through 12th grade<ref name="City_Data" /> *Norman Christian Academy – pre-kindergarten through 7th grade<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oklahoma.educationbug.org/private-schools/11161-norman-christian-academy.html |publisher=Education Bug |title=Norman Christian Academy |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> *Robinson Street Academy – kindergarten through 12th grade<ref name="City_Data" /> *Rose Rock School – pre-kindergarten through kindergarten<ref>{{cite web |url=http://roserockschool.org/ |title=roserockschool |publisher=roserockschool |date=April 7, 2011 |access-date=April 6, 2012}}</ref> *Terra Verde Discovery School – kindergarten through 5th grade<ref>{{cite web |url=http://terraverdeschool.com/ |publisher=Terra Verde Discovery School |title=Terra Verde Discovery School |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> *Trinity Lutheran School – pre-kindergarten through 6th grade<ref name="City_Data" /> *Veritas Classical Christian Academy – pre-kindergarten through 12th grade<ref name="City_Data" /> ==Media== {{see also|List of newspapers in Oklahoma|List of radio stations in Oklahoma|List of television stations in Oklahoma}} ''[[The Norman Transcript]]'' is the most widely circulated Norman-based newspaper in the city. It is a daily newspaper covering events in Cleveland and McClain counties. It is the oldest continuous business in Norman and was founded shortly after the [[Land Run|Land Run of April 1889]] on {{nowrap|July 13}}, 1889.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normantranscript.com/aboutus/local_story_201224905.html |publisher=The Norman Transcript |title=History of the Norman Transcript |access-date=December 6, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120904045008/http://www.normantranscript.com/aboutus/local_story_201224905.html |archive-date=September 4, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> ''[[The Oklahoma Daily]]'' is a student-run newspaper at the [[University of Oklahoma]]. It was first published in 1897, several years after the university's founding. The paper has received numerous awards for journalism excellence including the [[Associated Collegiate Press]]' [[National Newspaper Pacemaker Award|Pacemaker Award]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.studentmedia.ou.edu/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030422175934/http://www.studentmedia.ou.edu/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 22, 2003 |publisher=University of Oklahoma |title=OU Student Media |access-date=April 20, 2010}}</ref> [[KGOU]] is a full-service public radio station licensed to the University of Oklahoma. The station serves Norman and the greater [[Oklahoma City]] metropolitan area with a news/talk/jazz format, using programs from [[NPR|National Public Radio]], [[Public Radio International]], and others.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kgou.org/index.php?license-info |title=KGOU |access-date=August 14, 2011 |publisher=KGOU Radio |archive-date=August 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819101627/http://kgou.org/index.php?license-info |url-status=dead }}</ref> Norman TV is a [[government-access television]] station airing on Cox Communications cable television channel 20. It broadcasts programming provided by the City of Norman, including video from [[city council]] meetings.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/norman-tv |title=Norman TV |access-date=August 14, 2011 |publisher=City of Norman, Oklahoma |archive-date=August 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812171358/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/norman-tv |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Infrastructure== ===Transportation=== ====Airports==== [[Scheduled air transport]], major commercial air transportation is available at [[Will Rogers World Airport]] in [[Oklahoma City]], located approximately {{cvt|20|mi|km|sigfig=1}} northwest of Norman. The airport serves more than 3.78 million passengers per year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flyokc.com/releases%5C10-06%20Email%20December%20Activity.pdf |publisher=Will Rogers World Airport |title=Aviation Activity Report |access-date=August 6, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007172856/http://flyokc.com/releases/10-06%20Email%20December%20Activity.pdf |archive-date=October 7, 2010 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Norman is served locally by [[University of Oklahoma Westheimer Airport|Max Westheimer Airport]], a [[general aviation]] airport run by the University of Oklahoma.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://airport.ou.edu |title=Max Westheimer Airport |access-date=August 14, 2007 |publisher=University of Oklahoma}}</ref> The airport is one of only two airports in the [[Oklahoma City metropolitan area]] designated as a [[reliever airport]] to Will Rogers World Airport. Max Westheimer Airport is capable of handling aircraft up through and including executive class jet aircraft.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ou.edu/org/airport/Airport%20Services/Airport%20Services.html |publisher=Max Westheimer Airport |title=Airport Services |access-date=August 6, 2010}}</ref> ====Buses==== The [[Cleveland Area Rapid Transit]], operated by the [[University of Oklahoma]], provides bus service throughout the {{cvt|191|sqmi|km2|adj=on}} Norman area.<ref name="CART">{{cite web |url=http://cart.ou.edu/about.html |title=About CART |access-date=October 2, 2010 |publisher=CART}}</ref> CART also provides service to the [[Social Security Administration]] offices in [[Moore, Oklahoma|Moore]], as well as to [[Oklahoma City]]'s [[Embark (transit authority)|EMBARK]] transit hub downtown.<ref name="CART" /> EMBARK maintains a fleet of buses and [[trolley bus|trolleys]] serving the greater Oklahoma City area, with a new light-rail system expected to begin operations in 2018. All service to [[Will Rogers World Airport]] is not currently available.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gometro.publishpath.com/about-us |title=About Us |access-date=October 2, 2010 |publisher=Metro Transit |archive-date=October 13, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013014126/http://gometro.publishpath.com/about-us |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2008, CART became the 39th public transportation system in the United States to be featured on [[Google Transit]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/local/x519018241/CART-partners-with-Google-Transit |publisher=The Norman Transcript |title=CART Partners with Google Transit |access-date=January 12, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716205915/http://normantranscript.com/local/x519018241/CART-partners-with-Google-Transit |archive-date=July 16, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> a website that allows transportation users to electronically plan their travel routes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://google-latlong.blogspot.com/2007/10/google-transit-graduates-from-labs.html |title=Google Transit Graduates from Labs |access-date=January 12, 2012}}</ref> In 2010, CART buses were modified to include a [[GPS tracking unit|GPS tracking]] system that allows riders to see the location of buses and their predicted arrival times via the CART and Google websites.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oudaily.com/news/2010/sep/30/gps-technology-informs-riders-bus-location/ |publisher=OU Daily |title=GPS Technology Informs Riders of Bus Location |access-date=January 12, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819062616/http://oudaily.com/news/2010/sep/30/gps-technology-informs-riders-bus-location/ |archive-date=August 19, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> CART buses transport more than 1.3 million travelers annually.<ref name="CART" /> ====Rail==== [[File:Amtrak-Norman.jpg|thumb|Amtrak train stopping in Norman]] Inter-city [[Passenger trains|passenger train]] service is available via [[Amtrak]] at [[Norman Depot]]. Amtrak's ''[[Heartland Flyer]]'' provides daily round trip service to downtown Oklahoma City and [[Fort Worth, Texas]]. Although Norman currently has no [[light rail]] or [[commuter rail]] service, there is growing interest in incorporating such services into the city's future transportation plans as part of the Oklahoma City metro area's regional transit system.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/local/x546386626/Citys-light-rail-hopes-get-boost |publisher=Norman Transcript |title=City's Light Rail Hopes Get a Boost |access-date=August 6, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120711213516/http://normantranscript.com/local/x546386626/Citys-light-rail-hopes-get-boost |archive-date=July 11, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> ====Roads and highways==== The predominant form of transportation in Norman is roads and highways with 80.0% of all residents driving alone to work, 9.0% carpooling, and just 1.3% taking public transportation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_1YR/S0802/1600000US4052500 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212084914/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_1YR/S0802/1600000US4052500 |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |title=Means of Transportation to Work by Selected Cities |access-date=January 10, 2012}}</ref> As of 2007, [[Interstate 35 (Oklahoma)|Interstate 35]] alone was handling over 99,000 vehicles per day.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/homepage/x518993409/I-35-widening-will-be-a-fast-track-project?keyword=leadpicturestory |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120724081502/http://normantranscript.com/homepage/x518993409/I-35-widening-will-be-a-fast-track-project?keyword=leadpicturestory |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 24, 2012 |publisher=Norman Transcript |title=I-35 Widening Will Be A Fast Track |access-date=August 6, 2010}}</ref> Other major highways include [[State Highway 9 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 9]], a portion of which serves 28,000 vehicles per day, and [[U.S. Highway 77 (Oklahoma)|U.S. Highway 77]], which serves more than 25,000 vehicles per day.<ref name="OKDOT">{{cite web |url=http://www.okladot.state.ok.us/maps/aadt/2010/map_aadt_2010-14-cleveland.pdf |publisher=Oklahoma Department of Transportation |title=Annual Average Daily Traffic by Map |access-date=January 10, 2012}}</ref> Norman is served by two major federal highways:<ref name="OKDOT" /> *[[File:I-35 (OK).svg|20px]] [[Interstate 35 (Oklahoma)|Interstate 35]] *[[File:US 77.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Highway 77 (Oklahoma)|U.S. Highway 77]] Norman is served by two major Oklahoma state highways:<ref name="OKDOT" /> *[[File:Oklahoma State Highway 9.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 9 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 9]] *[[File:Oklahoma State Highway 77H.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 77H (Oklahoma)|State Highway 77H]] ===Utilities=== Electric utility companies servicing Norman include [[Oklahoma Gas & Electric]], which is headquartered in Oklahoma City, and Oklahoma Electric Cooperative (a [[utility cooperative]]).<ref name="Utilities">{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/utilities-information |publisher=City of Norman |title=Utilities Information |access-date=January 7, 2012 |archive-date=January 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103012504/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/utilities-information |url-status=dead}}</ref> Natural gas is provided by [[Oklahoma Natural Gas]].<ref name="Utilities" /> The city's Utility Department offers water, wastewater, and recycling services to parts of the city as well as solid waste pickup citywide.<ref name="Utilities" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/utilities |publisher=City of Norman |title=Utilities |access-date=August 6, 2010 |archive-date=August 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805023446/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/utilities |url-status=dead }}</ref> ====Drinking water quality==== In 2010, drinking water in Normal was identified as levels of [[hexavalent chromium]] 3 and 6 near the higher end of the acceptable [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] limit.<ref name="OK_chrom">{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/headlines/x96560292/In-35-city-study-Norman-s-water-tops-results-chart |publisher=Norman Transcript |title=In 35-city study, Norman's water tops results chart |access-date=December 21, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130130021950/http://normantranscript.com/headlines/x96560292/In-35-city-study-Norman-s-water-tops-results-chart |archive-date=January 30, 2013 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The Garber-Wellington [[Aquifer]], which is known to have elevated levels of [[heavy metals]], was identified as a possible source.<ref name="OK_chrom" /> Norman's water supply has also been noted for excessive levels of [[arsenic]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3111/ |publisher=United States Geological Survey |title=Naturally Occurring Arsenic in Ground Water |access-date=February 2, 2011}}</ref> The city responded by building new wells and removing old ones.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/water-treatment-arsenic-study |publisher=City of Norman |title=Water Treatment Arsenic Study |access-date=February 2, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104031940/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/content/water-treatment-arsenic-study |archive-date=January 4, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> ===Healthcare=== [[File:NormanRegionalHealthPlex.jpg|thumb|Norman Regional HealthPlex]] Norman Regional Health System is a multi-campus system that provides medical services in Norman and throughout south central Oklahoma.<ref name="About_NRHS">{{cite web |url=http://www.normanregional.com/en/about.html |publisher=Norman Regional Health System |title=About Us |access-date=August 6, 2010}}</ref> Its [[Norman Regional Hospital|Porter Avenue campus]], located north of downtown Norman, is a 337-bed [[District General Hospital|general hospital]] providing a wide range of services including [[acute care]].<ref name="About_NRHS" /> In October 2009, the Norman Regional HealthPlex campus opened in west Norman.<ref name="HealthPlex">{{cite web |url=http://normantranscript.com/headlines/x378274727/HealthPlex-checkup |publisher=Norman Transcript |title=HealthPlex Checkup |access-date=August 6, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130130011524/http://normantranscript.com/headlines/x378274727/HealthPlex-checkup |archive-date=January 30, 2013 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> It provides a 152-bed facility specializing in [[cardiology]], cardiovascular services, as well as women's and children's services.<ref name="HealthPlex" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.normanregional.com/en/facility_healthplex.html?placeValuesBeforeTB_=savedValues&TB_iframe=true&height=630&width=890 |publisher=Norman Regional Health System |title=Welcome to HealthPlex |access-date=August 6, 2010}}</ref> ==Notable people== {{Main|List of people from Norman, Oklahoma}} ==Twin towns – sister cities== In accordance with [[Sister Cities International]], an organization that began under President Dwight Eisenhower in 1956, Norman has been given four international sister cities in an attempt to foster cross-cultural understanding:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.normanok.gov/about-norman/sister-cities |publisher=City of Norman |title=Sister Cities |access-date=October 22, 2022}}</ref> *{{flagdeco|ITA}} [[Arezzo]], [[Tuscany]], Italy *{{flagdeco|FRA}} [[Clermont-Ferrand]], [[Puy-de-Dôme]], France<ref name="Clermont-Ferrand twinnings">{{cite web |url=http://www.cncd.fr/frontoffice/bdd-region.asp?action=getRegion&id=3#tabs3 |title=National Commission for Decentralised cooperation |access-date=December 26, 2013 |work=Délégation pour l'Action Extérieure des Collectivités Territoriales (Ministère des Affaires étrangères) |language=fr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131004135322/http://www.cncd.fr/frontoffice/bdd-region.asp?action=getRegion&id=3 |archive-date=October 4, 2013}}</ref> *{{flagdeco|MEX}} [[Colima, Colima|Colima, Col.]], Mexico *{{flagdeco|JPN}} [[Seika, Kyoto|Seika]], [[Kyoto Prefecture|Kyoto]], Japan ==Notes== {{Notelist}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category}} {{wikivoyage|Norman (Oklahoma)|Norman, Oklahoma}} {{Portal|Oklahoma}} *{{Official website|https://www.normanok.gov/}} *[http://www.visitnorman.com/ Norman Convention & Visitor's Bureau] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101739/http://www.normaniac.com/ Norman's who's who website] {{Cleveland County, Oklahoma}} {{Oklahoma City Metropolitan Area}} {{Oklahoma county seats}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Norman, Oklahoma| ]] [[Category:Cities in Oklahoma]] [[Category:Cities in Cleveland County, Oklahoma]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1889]] [[Category:Artist colonies]] [[Category:1889 establishments in Indian Territory]] [[Category:Sundown towns in Oklahoma]] Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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