Chike Obi

{{Short description|Nigerian mathematician and politician (1921–2008)}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| name         = Chike Obi
| imagesize = 300px
| caption      =
| birth_date   = April 17, 1921
| birth_place  = [[Anambra State]], [[Nigeria]]
| death_date   = {{death-date and age|March 13, 2008|April 17, 1921}}
| occupation   = [[Mathematician]]
| citizenship  = Nigerian
| notableworks = 
| awards       = Sigvard Eklund Prize
| influenced   =
| spouse       = Belinda (w. 2009)
| children     = 4
}}

'''Chike Obi''' {{IPAc-en||audio=Ig-Chike_ObI.ogg}} (April 17, 1921 – March 13, 2008) was a Nigerian [[politician]], [[mathematician]] and professor.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Obituary: Chike Obi|url=http://www.thenewblackmagazine.com/view.aspx?index=1568|website=www.thenewblackmagazine.com|access-date=2020-05-25}}</ref>

The African Mathematics Union suggests that he was the first Nigerian to hold a doctorate in mathematics.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Guardian Editorial Tribute to the Memory of Chike Obi (1921-2008)|url=http://waado.org/NigerDelta/Memorials/chike_obi_guardian.html|website=waado.org|access-date=2020-05-25|archive-date=2020-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127131338/http://www.waado.org/NigerDelta/Memorials/chike_obi_guardian.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Obi's early research dealt mainly with the question of the existence of periodic solutions of non-linear ordinary differential equations.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chike Edozien Umuezei Obi, Mathematician of the African Diaspora|url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/PEEPS/obi_chike.html|website=www.math.buffalo.edu|access-date=2020-05-25}}</ref> He successfully used the perturbation technique, and several of his publications greatly helped to stimulate research interest in this subject throughout the world and have become classics in the literature.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}

Obi is the author of several books and journals on [[mathematics]] and Nigerian politics.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Memorial Tribute for Professor Chike Obi by Edwin Madunagu|url=http://waado.org/nigerdelta/memorials/chike_obi_madunagu.html|website=waado.org|access-date=2020-05-25|archive-date=2019-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329032559/http://waado.org/NigerDelta/Memorials/chike_obi_madunagu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Obi was educated in various parts of [[Nigeria]] before reading [[mathematics]] as an external student of the [[University of London]].<ref name="MacTutor">{{Cite web|title=Chike Obi – Biography|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Obi/|access-date=2021-02-03|website=Maths History|language=en}}</ref> Immediately after his first degree, he won a scholarship to do research study at [[Pembroke College, Cambridge]], followed by doctoral studies at [https://www.independent.ng/cowbellpedia-mathematics-challenge-hots-up-as-aspiring-chike-obis-reach-semi-finals/ Massachusetts Institute of Technology.]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Igbo, Yoruba fight over maths|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/04/igbo-yoruba-fight-maths/|date=2018-04-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-17}}</ref>[https://www.independent.ng/cowbellpedia-mathematics-challenge-hots-up-as-aspiring-chike-obis-reach-semi-finals/ in] [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], United States, becoming in 1950, the first Nigerian to receive a PhD in mathematics.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Igbo, Yoruba fight over maths|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/04/igbo-yoruba-fight-maths/|date=2018-04-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-17}}</ref>

==Career as mathematician==
Obi returned to lecture at the premier Nigerian [[University of Ibadan]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chike Obi and Fermat's Last Theorem|url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/PEEPS/obi-chike-fermat.html|website=www.math.buffalo.edu|access-date=2020-05-28}}</ref> He was soon diverted from this by political activities. After the war, he returned to lecture in 1970 at the [[University of Lagos]] where he quickly rose to the senior academic role of a professor.

He left [[Lagos]] to return to his root in the city of [[Onitsha]], establishing the Nanna Institute for Scientific Studies.

Obi had won the Sigvard Eklund Prize for original work in differential equation from the [[International Centre for Theoretical Physics]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICTP Prize Winner 1985 |url=https://www.ictp.it/home/ictp-prize-winner-1985 |access-date=2024-03-19 |publisher=[[International Centre for Theoretical Physics]]}}</ref> He was a [[university]] teacher until his retirement as an [[Emeritus]] [[Professor]] in 1985.<ref>{{Cite web|title=OBI, Prof Chike(Late)|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/obi-professor-chike/|last=Udo|first=Mary|date=2018-02-25|website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-28}}</ref>

In 1997, Obi claimed to be the third person to solve [[Fermat’s Last Theorem]] after [[Andrew Wiles]] and [[Richard Taylor (mathematician)|Richard Taylor]] in 1994.<ref name="bbc">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/413784.stm|title=World: Africa – Africa Media Watch|date=6 August 1999|work=[[BBC News Online]]|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=30 August 2010|location=London, UK}}</ref>
He also claimed to have found an elementary proof to [[Fermat’s Last Theorem]]. This work was carried out at his Nanna Institute for Scientific Studies in [[Onitsha]], [[Eastern Nigeria]] and published in Algebras, Groups and Geometries.<ref>C. Obi, "Fermat's Last Theorem", Algebras, Groups and Geometries, Vol. 15, Special issue No. 3, 1998, p.289-298</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/PEEPS/obi-chike-fermat.html|title=Chike Obi and Fermat's Last Theorem|website=www.math.buffalo.edu|access-date=2017-10-20}}</ref><ref>[http://waado.org/NigerDelta/Memorials/chike_obi_madunagu.html Professor Chike Obi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329032559/http://waado.org/NigerDelta/Memorials/chike_obi_madunagu.html |date=2019-03-29 }} The Guardian, March 27, 2008</ref> However, a review of this proof published in [[Mathematical Reviews]] indicates that it was a false proof.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/PEEPS/obi-chike-fermat-review.html|title=review of Obi's proof of Fermat's Last Theorem|website=www.math.buffalo.edu|access-date=2017-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/PEEPS/obi_chike.html|title=Chike Edozien Umuezei Obi, Mathematician of the African Diaspora|website=www.math.buffalo.edu|access-date=2017-10-20}}</ref>

==Career in politics and activism==
{{Context||details=|date=July 2020}}
In Ibadan, Obi began to give lectures about his political philosophy, Kemalism and how best he felt the country should be managed. He helped form the Dynamic Party of Nigeria, of which he served as its first secretary-general. Through the party, he stood in as a candidate in a parliamentary election in Ibadan in 1951 but lost.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=September 1965|title=In Search of Power|magazine=Spear magazine (Lagos)}}</ref>

The party later entered into alliances with the larger [[National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons|National Council of Nigerian and Cameroon]] and also the Action Group. Obi was elected as part of the Nigerian delegation that negotiated the country’s path to self-rule at two London conferences in 1957 and 1958.

After Nigeria's [[independence]] from [[United Kingdom|Britain]] in 1960, Obi was elected a [[legislator]] in the Eastern House of Assembly in 1960, he refused to vacate his seat in the national legislature in Lagos, the Speaker of the regional house ordered that Obi be physically removed by security agents. This order was obeyed and Obi decided to commit himself to regional affairs.<ref name="MacTutor"/>

In 1962, Obi was arrested and charged with [[treason]] in a closed trial organized by the then national civilian government, who accused him and others, including the main opposition leader at the time, [[Obafemi Awolowo]], of plotting to overthrow the government. He was later released for “want of evidence.”

When the [[Nigerian Civil War]] broke out in 1967, Obi sided with [[Biafra]], working for the rebel leader [[Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu]]. For a brief period in the 1970s when he served in the National Revenue Mobilization Commission.

Obi derided [[religion]] and [[ethnic]] [[extremism]], and the culture of [[Political corruption|corruption]] pervading the Nigerian political class. He was a national newspaper columnist in the 1980s, writing under the title, "I speak For the People."

==Awards==
A visiting professor to the [[University of Rhode Island]], USA, the [[University of Jos]], Nigeria, and the [[Chinese Academy of Science]], Obi was a recipient of the national honour of Commander of the [[Order of the Niger]] (CON) and a Fellow of the Nigerian Academy of Science.

==Personal life==
When Obi died in 2008, he was survived by his wife until 2010. Obi's wife Belinda died in early 2010 a nurse and they are survived by their four children.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/Africa-today/%20AllAfricanDoctorates.html Africa Doctorates in Mathematics]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Obi, Chike}}
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:2008 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Anambra State]]
[[Category:Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian activists]]
[[Category:Nigerian expatriates in China]]
[[Category:Nigerian expatriates in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Nigerian male poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Nigerian mathematicians]]
[[Category:Nigerian male novelists]]
[[Category:Igbo activists]]
[[Category:Igbo poets]]
[[Category:National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons politicians]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the Niger]]
[[Category:20th-century Nigerian poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Nigerian novelists]]
[[Category:Nigerian expatriates in the United States]]