Cessna Citation II

{{short description|American business jet}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2016}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2024}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
 |name= Cessna Citation II / IISP / SII <br/>Citation Bravo
 |image= cessna 550b citation bravo cs-dhr arp.jpg
 |caption= <!--image caption; if it isn't descriptive it should be left blank-->
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
 |type= [[Corporate jet]]
 |national origin = United States
 |manufacturer= [[Cessna]]
 |first flight= January 31, 1977
 |introduced=
 |retired=
 |status=
 |primary user=<!--please list only one-->
 |more users=<!--up to three more. please separate with <br/>.-->
 |produced= 1978–2006
 |number built={{#expr:688+336+160}}: 688 II and II/SP, 160 S/II, 336 Bravo<ref name=Cessna28apr2015>{{cite web |url= https://support.cessna.com/custconf/pageview?as_id=33345 |title= 500-Series Technical Review |publisher= [[Textron Aviation]] |date=April 28, 2015 |access-date=December 18, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093224/https://support.cessna.com/custconf/pageview?as_id=33345 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 |unit cost=
 |developed from = [[Cessna Citation I]]
 |developed into= [[Cessna Citation V]]
}}
|}
The '''Cessna Citation II''' models are light [[corporate jet]]s built by [[Cessna]] as part of the [[Citation family]].
<section begin=summary/><!--development-->Stretched from the [[Citation I]], the Model 550 was announced in September 1976, first flew on January 31, 1977, and was certified in March 1978.
<!--variants-->
The '''II/SP''' is a single pilot version, the improved '''S/II''' first flew on February 14, 1984 and the '''Citation Bravo''', a stretched S/II with new avionics and more powerful [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW500|P&WC PW530]]A turbofans, first flew on April 25, 1995. The [[United States Navy]] adopted a version of the S/II as the '''T-47A'''.
<!--production-->
Production ceased in 2006 after {{formatnum:{{#expr:688+336+160}}}} of all variants were delivered.<section end=summary/>

==Design and development==
[[File:N601BC-002.jpg|thumb|A Citation II seen shortly after landing]]
The Citation II (Model 550) was developed to provide the same docile low-speed handling and good short-field performance as the preceding [[Citation I]] while addressing a primary criticism of that aircraft — its relatively slow cruise speed of around {{cvt|350|kn|kph}} at altitude.<ref name=aopa2011/> The II stretches the Citation I fuselage by 1.14m (3&nbsp;ft 9in), increasing [[seating capacity]] to ten (two pilots and eight passengers) and gross weight to {{cvt|13,300|lb|kg}}.<!--<ref name="alnet550"/>--><!--{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|pp=28–30}}-->
Wingspan was increased by {{cvt|5.1|ft|m}},  fuel capacity was increased from {{cvt|544|gal|L}} to {{cvt|742|gal|L}}, and more powerful, {{cvt|2500|lbf|kN}} [[Pratt & Whitney Canada JT15D|Pratt & Whitney Canada JT15D-4]] engines were installed for a higher cruise speed of {{cvt|385|kn|kph}} and a longer range of {{cvt|1,159|nmi|km}}.<ref name="alnet550"/>{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|pp=28–30}} The cabin interior was also redesigned to increase headroom by {{cvt|5|in|cm}}.{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|p=28}}

[[File:EC-KJR Cessna 551 Citation.jpg|thumb|Citation II/SP (model 551) front view]]
The stretched Citation was announced in September 1976, it first flew on January 31, 1977, and FAA certification was awarded in March 1978.<ref name="alnet550"/> The '''II/SP''' (Model 551) is the single pilot version, [[type certificate]]d to slightly less stringent [[FAR Part 23]] standards, with a slightly reduced [[maximum takeoff weight]] (MTOW) at {{cvt|12,500|lb|kg}} and minor changes in cockpit equipment.<!--<ref name=aopa2011/>--> As the II and II/SP are otherwise largely similar, the {{cvt|800|lb|kg}} reduction in MTOW of the II/SP often mandates operating with a reduced fuel load, shortening the aircraft's loaded range compared to the standard II.<!--<ref name=aopa2011/>--> Both the II and II/SP require special training to be operated by a single pilot.<ref name=aopa2011>{{cite magazine |last=Horne |first=Thomas A. |date=April 2011 |title=II For The Road: Citation IIs on the Used Marketplace |url=https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2011/april/01/ii-for-the-road |magazine=AOPA Pilot Turbine Edition |location=Frederick, Maryland |publisher=[[Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association]] |access-date=November 7, 2022}}</ref> A total of 688 II and II/SP aircraft were delivered.<ref name=Cessna28apr2015/>

===Citation S/II===
The improved '''Citation S/II''' (Model S550) was announced in October 1983 and first flew on February 14, 1984, before certification in July.<!--<ref name="alnet550"/>-->
It gained a [[supercritical airfoil]] with swept wing roots, [[aileron]] and [[flap (aeronautics)|flap]] gap seals, and a [[Ice_protection_system#Fluid_deicing|fluid deicing]] system instead of the [[Ice_protection_system#Pneumatic_deicing_boots|pneumatic deicing boots]] used on earlier Citations.<ref name=aopa2011/><ref name="alnet550"/>{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|p=31}}
To further reduce drag, the fuselage and engine [[nacelle]] pylons were redesigned, and nacelle fairings were added.<ref name=aopa2011/>{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|p=31}} Fuel capacity was increased by {{cvt|120|gal|L}}. The result of the improvements was a cruise speed of {{cvt|403|kn|kph}}—exceeding 400 kn, felt to be an important marketing benchmark by Cessna—and a range of {{cvt|1,378|nmi|km}} with a 45-minute [[fuel reserve]].{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|pp=31–32}}
The improved {{cvt|2500|lbf|kN}} JT15D-4B engines had higher temperature-rated components, allowing more thrust at higher altitudes.<ref name=aopa2011/>

The S/II replaced the II from 1984, but some potential buyers objected to the sharp price increase from {{Currency|2.6 million|US|passthrough=yes}} for the II to $3.3M for the S/II, prompting Cessna to reintroduce the II<ref name=aopa2011/> in late 1985; both were built until the Bravo was introduced.<ref name="alnet550"/> Deliveries of the S/II amounted to 160, including fifteen T-47A aircraft purchased by the [[U.S. Navy]].<ref name=Cessna28apr2015/>{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|p=32}} The S/II's higher performance coupled with its relatively low production total led to substantially higher demand on the used aircraft market compared to the standard II and II/SP.<ref name=aopa2011/>

====Government variants====
The [[US Customs & Border Protection]] purchased ten Citation IIs configured with [[fire control radar]] (initially the [[F-16]]'s [[AN/APG-66]](V), later the [[Selex ES]] Vixen 500E system) and the WF-360TL imaging system.<ref>[http://www.cbp.gov/linkhandler/cgov/border_security/am/operations/oam_vessels/aircraft/fw_aircraft/c550_cessna_factsheet.ctt/c550_cessna_factsheet.pdf Cessna C-550 Fact Sheet]{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Retrieved 21 August 2011.</ref> These aircraft have been used effectively in Panama, Honduras, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Mexico and Aruba. The similar OT-47B aircraft are based on the [[Cessna Citation V]] airframe.

[[File:T-47A Citation aircraft are parked on the runway. The Citation is used for training naval flight officers - DPLA - 115f98dfa39a6f8ed00c920f88833139.jpeg|thumb|Several U.S. Navy T-47A radar systems trainers seen in 1989]]
The '''T-47A''' was a modified version of the Citation S/II (Model 552) for the U.S. Navy, featuring a {{cvt|5|ft|m|abbr=on}} wingspan reduction and hydraulically boosted [[aileron]]s for enhanced maneuverability, {{cvt|2900|lbf|kN}} thrust JT15D-5 engines, a cockpit roof window for better pilot visibility during hard maneuvering, strengthened windshields for protection against [[bird strike]]s during high-speed low-altitude sorties, multiple radar consoles, and the [[AN/APQ-159|AN/APQ-167]] radar system.{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|p=21}}<ref>{{cite report|title=Model Designation of Military Aerospace Vehicles|url=https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodm/412015l.pdf?ver=2018-12-11-100011-077|publisher=[[United States Department of Defense]]|id=DoD 4120.15-L|date=12 May 2004}}</ref><ref name="global"/> Intended to replace the [[North American Sabreliner|North American T-39D]] as a radar systems [[trainer aircraft]], fifteen aircraft were purchased in 1984 to train naval [[radar intercept officer]]s.{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|p=21}}

All T-47A aircraft were operated with civil [[aircraft registration]] numbers by Training Air Squadron [[VT-86]] based at [[Naval Air Station Pensacola]], Florida. On July 20, 1993, thirteen of the fifteen aircraft were destroyed when a roofing contractor accidentally set fire to a hangar at [[Topeka Regional Airport|Forbes Field]] where the aircraft were being stored by Cessna. The navy replaced the lost trainers with upgraded T-39D aircraft and the two survivors were transferred to civil owners.<ref name="global">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/t-47a.htm |title=T-47A Citation II Cessna 552|website=globalsecurity.org|access-date=5 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.joebaugher.com/navy_serials/thirdseries21.html |title=US Navy and US Marine Corps BuNos, Third Series (160007 to 163049) |last=Baugher |first=Joe |date=February 27, 2021 |website=joebaugher.com |access-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref>

===Citation Bravo===
The '''Citation Bravo''' first flew on April 25, 1995, was granted certification in August 1996, and was first delivered in February 1997.<!--<ref name="alnet550"/>-->
It features new [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW500|P&WC PW530]]A turbofans, modern [[Honeywell Primus]] EFIS avionics, a revised [[Cessna Citation Ultra|Citation Ultra]] interior and a [[trailing link]] main undercarriage.<ref name="alnet550"/>
Production of the Bravo ceased in late 2006 after 336 had been delivered.<ref name=Cessna28apr2015/>

Its more efficient PW530A generates 15% more thrust at takeoff and 23% more at altitude.<!--<ref name=BCA26feb2018/>-->
It burns {{cvt|1,100|lb}} of fuel in the first hour, dropping to {{cvt|750-830|lb}} the second hour cruising at {{cvt|360-365|kn|km/h}} at FL410-430 and then {{cvt|637|lb}} the third hour at {{cvt|350|kn|km/h}} and FL450.<!--<ref name=BCA26feb2018/>-->
The engine overhaul every 4,000 hours cost $1 million or $275 at [[power by the Hour]].<!--<ref name=BCA26feb2018/>-->
In 2018, early 1997 models starts at $800,000, up to $1.7 million for 2006 planes. The Bravo was replaced by the better-but-more-expensive [[Cessna Citation CJ3|Citation CJ3]].<!--<ref name=BCA26feb2018/>-->
The competing [[Beechjet 400]]A is roomier and faster but needs more fuel and more runway, while the compact [[Learjet 31]]A is faster but has less range. The faster and more expensive [[Cessna Citation V|Citation V Ultra]] has a longer cabin but consumes more fuel.<ref name=BCA26feb2018>{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/site-files/aviationweek.com/files/datasheets/gated/BCA_201803.pdf |page= 58 |title= Second-Generation Citation II Is Cost-Effective Entry-Level Jet |date=February 26, 2018 |author= Fred George |magazine= Business & Commercial Aviation |access-date=March 4, 2018 |archive-date=March 4, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180304054646/http://aviationweek.com/site-files/aviationweek.com/files/datasheets/gated/BCA_201803.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref>

===Upgrades===
By December 2006, Clifford Development in Ohio had launched a program to re-engine Citation IIs with {{cvt|3,000|lbf|kN}} [[Williams FJ44]]-3 engines for $1.9 million (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=1900000|start_year=2006}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}).<ref name=AIN11dec2006/>
Clifford expected a [[supplemental type certificate|STC]] within 12 months, 21% faster long-range cruise, 29% longer range, 34% better single-engine climb rate and 20% better fuel efficiency.<ref name=AIN11dec2006>{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/aviation-international-news/2006-12-11/citation-ii-williams-fj44-3-re-engine-stc-works |title= Citation II Williams FJ44-3 re-engine STC in the works |author= Gordon Gilbert |date=December 11, 2006 |work= AIN online}}</ref>
By May 2007, Sierra Industries in Texas was also developing a similar modification, as 900 Citations qualify for it, directly as a broker and [[Maintenance, repair and operations|MRO]] provider, while Clifford should license its STC.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/aviation-international-news/2007-05-30/mod-firms-give-citation-ii-more-power |title= Mod firms give Citation II more power |author= Ian J. Twombly |date=May 30, 2007 |work= AIN online}}</ref>

In September 2008, the FAA granted a STC to Sierra Industries.<ref>{{cite news |date=September 22, 2008 |title= STC'd: FAA Gives 'The Nod' To FJ44-3A-Powered Sierra Super II |url= http://www.aero-news.net/index.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=9d6ff085-4977-4a69-97f2-fb88885ba641 |work= Aero-News Network}}</ref>
The Super S-II made its first flight on September 26.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/nbaa-2008-sierra-mod-helps-citation-sii-achieve-full-potenital/83287.article |title= NBAA 2008: Sierra mod helps Citation SII 'achieve full potenital' |date= 7 October 2008 |work= flightglobal}}</ref>
The conversion cost $1.9 million in 2009, resulting in a $3.5-4.6 million value for a converted Citation II.<ref name=Flying14apr2009/>
Ceiling is increased from FL 410 to FL 430, reached directly in 25 min at max takeoff weight with a thrust increased from {{cvt|2,500 to 2,820|lbf|kN}} each.<ref name=Flying14apr2009/>
Dual-channel [[full authority digital engine control|FADEC]] allows a much lower residual thrust, eliminating the need for [[thrust reverser]]s.<ref name=Flying14apr2009/>
Max fuel [[payload]] is bumped from {{cvt|328 to 1,278|lb}} for the Citation II, and the S-II can carry {{cvt|400|lb}} more than the initial {{cvt|1,036|lb}}.<ref name=Flying14apr2009/>

Cruise speeds are faster by {{cvt|45 to 400|kn|km/h}} for the 550, and by {{cvt|35 to 420|kn|km/h}} for the Citation S-II.<ref name=Flying14apr2009/>
The converted 550 is 25% more fuel efficient than the JT15D-powered original at the same speed, and burns {{cvt|775|lb}} of fuel per hour at {{cvt|390|kn|km/h}}.<ref name=Flying14apr2009/>
The 550 Range is improved by {{cvt|397 to 1,775|nmi|km}}, and by {{cvt|461 to 2,300|nmi|km}} for the S550.<ref name=Flying14apr2009>{{cite news |url= https://www.flyingmag.com/gear/mods/refurbish/citation-iis-sierra-style/ |title= Citation IIs Sierra Style |work= Flying magazine |author= Robert Goyer |date= April 14, 2009}}</ref>
The re-engined S550 can reach {{cvt|446|kn|km/h}} at FL270.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2010/march/01/thrust-buster-sierra-super-s-ii |title= Thrust buster: Sierra Super S-II |date=March 1, 2010 |author=Thomas A. Horne |publisher= Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association}}</ref>
Clifford and its partner Stevens Aviation could also update the flight deck with [[Collins Aerospace|Collins]] ProLine 21 avionics and refurbish the cabin.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.avbuyer.com/articles/jet-maintenance/inside-maintenance-citation-upgrades-20750 |title= Inside maintenance - Citation Upgrades |author= Dave Higdon |date=June 1, 2011 |work= AvBuyer}}</ref>
Clifford was touting a 14% faster optimum cruise speed, and a 32% lower fuel burn for the S550.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.clifforddevelopmentgroup.com/S550Brochure.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100816063609if_/http://www.clifforddevelopmentgroup.com/S550Brochure.pdf |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2010-08-16 |title= S550 brochure |publisher= Clifford Development }}</ref>
Sierra was announcing a {{cvt|1,890 and 2,064|nmi|km}} [[Instrument flight rules|IFR]]/[[Visual flight rules|VFR]] range for the re-engined Super II; or a {{cvt|2,340 and 2,610|nmi|km}} IFR/VFR range for the re-engined Super S-II.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sijet.com/download/SIJET_Catalog_2013-14_ALL.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160405075028if_/http://www.sijet.com/download/SIJET_Catalog_2013-14_ALL.pdf |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2016-04-05 |title= Catalog |publisher= Sierra Industries |date= 2013}}</ref>
By June 2012, Sierra Industries had re-engined 59 various Citations with FJ44s, among avionics retrofit and airframe modifications.<ref>{{cite news |date=June 20, 2012 |title= Sierra Industries Sets New Delivery Records For Modified Citation Aircraft |url= http://www.aero-news.net/index.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=f0396154-21a7-4794-a8e3-6cec414f9741 |work= Aero-News Network}}</ref>

==Variants==
*'''{{visible anchor|Citation II}}''' (Model 550), stretched development of the Model 500 with increased wingspan, fuel capacity and gross weight, first produced in 1978.{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|pp=28–30}} Initially replaced by the S/II in production, but was brought back and produced side by side with the S/II until the Bravo was introduced.<ref name="alnet550">[http://www.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=160 The Cessna Citation II & Bravo from Airliners.net]</ref><ref name="asn550">[http://aviation-safety.net/database/type/type-general.php?type=CE-550 Citation II info from Aviation Safety Network]</ref>
*'''Citation II/SP''' (Model 551), single-pilot version of Model 550 with reduced gross weight.<ref name=aopa2011/><ref name="alnet550"/><ref name="asn551">[http://aviation-safety.net/database/type/type-general.php?type=CE-551 Citation II/SP info from Aviation Safety Network]</ref>
*'''{{visible anchor|Citation S/II}}''' (Model S550), development of Model 550 introduced in 1984 featuring a supercritical wing with swept wing roots, increased fuel capacity, and various minor improvements. Initially replaced the II in production.<ref name="alnet550"/><ref name="asns550">[http://aviation-safety.net/database/type/type-general.php?type=CE-S550 Citation S550 info from Aviation Safety Network]</ref>{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|pp=31–35}}
*'''T-47A''' (Model 552), U.S. Navy radar systems trainer version of S/II with a shortened wingspan, strengthened windshields, cockpit roof windows, more powerful JT15D-5 engines, and military equipment.{{sfn|Szurovy|1999|p=21}}
*'''Citation Bravo''' (Model 550 Bravo),<ref name=Cessna28apr2015/> updated S/II with new PW530A engines, landing gear and Primus 1000 avionics.<ref name="aero-techbravo">[http://www.aerospace-technology.com/projects/cessna_bravo/ "Cessna Citation Bravo Light Business Jet Cessna Citation Bravo Light Business Jet, USA", ''Aerospace-Technology.com]</ref>{{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}}<ref name="asn550bravo">[http://aviation-safety.net/database/type/type-general.php?type=CE-550B Citation Bravo info from Aviation Safety Network]</ref> The last Citation Bravo rolled off the production line in late 2006, ending a nearly 10-year production run of 337 aircraft.<ref name="ce-bravopress">Cessna Press Release [http://cessna.com/news/article.chtml?ID=uBQrpIyoB9YXpY2ThPrC3b6sq8ZFiDexBamZT6cjuJIaxwoT4m Recent Milestones for Cessna’s Citation Business Jet Programs] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226115825/http://cessna.com/news/article.chtml?ID=uBQrpIyoB9YXpY2ThPrC3b6sq8ZFiDexBamZT6cjuJIaxwoT4m |date=February 26, 2008 }} 17 July 2006</ref>

==Operators==
===Military operators===
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
;{{Flagu|Argentina}}
* [[Argentine Army Aviation]]<ref name="fiwaf19 p32">Hoyle and Farfad ''Flight International'' 10–16 December 2019, p. 32.</ref>
;{{Flagu|Colombia}}
;{{Flagu|Ecuador}}
*[[Ecuadorian Army]]<ref name="fiwaf12 p37">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 8–14 December 2015, p. 37.</ref>
;{{Flagu|Myanmar}}
* Myanmar Air Force
;{{Flagu|Nigeria}}
* [[Nigerian Air Force]]
;{{Flagu|Pakistan}}
* [[Pakistan Army]]<ref name="fiwaf19 p46">Hoyle and Farfad ''Flight International'' 10–16 December 2019, p. 46.</ref>
;{{Flagu|Saudi Arabia}}
* [[Royal Saudi Air Force]]<ref name="fiwaf19 p48">Hoyle and Farfad ''Flight International'' 10–16 December 2019, p. 48.</ref>
;{{Flagu|South Africa}}
* [[South African Air Force]]
;{{Flagu|Spain}}
* [[Spanish Air Force]]
* [[Spanish Navy]]<ref name="fiwaf19 p49">Hoyle and Farfad ''Flight International'' 10–16 December 2019, p. 49.</ref>
* [[National Police Corps of Spain]] 
;{{Flagu|Sweden}}
* [[Swedish Air Force]]
;{{Flagu|Turkey}}
* [[Turkish Air Force]]
;{{Flagu|United States}}
* [[United States Navy]]
;{{Flagu|Venezuela}}
* [[Venezuelan Air Force]]<ref name="fiwaf19 p54">Hoyle and Farfad ''Flight International'' 10–16 December 2019, p. 54.</ref>
}}

===Civilian operators===
[[File:North Flying Cessna 550.jpg|thumb|Cessna 550 of {{Interlanguage link|North Flying|da}} in 2004]]
;{{Flagu|Austria}}
*Tyrol Air Ambulance<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.taa.at/en/air-ambulance/company/|title = Tyrol Air Ambulance &#124; Company}}</ref>
;{{flagu|Denmark}}
*{{Interlanguage link|North Flying|da}}
;{{flagu|Canada}}
*[[Transport Canada]]

===Airline operator===
The Citation was also operated by at least one airline in scheduled passenger service, [[Enterprise Airlines]] in the U.S., from the late 1980s to 1990.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.departedflights.com/BE060390intro.html|title = BE060390intro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.departedflights.com/BEproplessproposal1090.html|title = BEproplessproposal1090}}</ref>

==Accidents and incidents==
* On May 26, 1993, a Cessna 550 landed at [[Southampton Airport]], England, with a reported tailwind of {{Convert|15|kn|abbr=on|lk=in}}, whereas the flight manual specified a maximum tailwind limit of {{convert|10|kn|abbr=on}}; with this tailwind, the landing distance required was greater than the distance available. The aircraft overran the runway through the airport perimeter fence and down an embankment onto the [[M27 motorway]] where it collided with two cars and caught fire. The two flight crew sustained minor injuries, and the three car occupants also sustained minor injuries. The aircraft was destroyed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/aaib-reports/5-1994-cessna-550-citation-ii-g-jetb-26-may-1993 |title=5/1994  Cessna 550 Citation II, G-JETB, 26 May 1993 |publisher=[[Air Accidents Investigation Branch]] |date=10 December 2014}}</ref>
*On September 4, 2022, in the [[2022 Baltic Sea Cessna Citation crash]], a Cessna 551 heading from [[Jerez Airport|Jerez]], Spain, did not land at its intended destination, [[Cologne]], Germany, but instead kept flying across Germany and the [[Baltic Sea]] where it eventually ran out of fuel and crashed in the sea off [[Ventspils]], Latvia. The pilot had reported problems with air conditioning and pressurization early in the flight but later stopped responding to communications. A possible cause of the crash is that loss of [[Cabin pressurization|cabin pressure]] rendered everyone on board unconscious.<ref>{{cite news |author=Kārlis Miksons |title=Report: Baltic Sea plane crash likely caused by cabin pressure loss |url=https://eng.lsm.lv/article/economy/transport/report-baltic-sea-plane-crash-likely-caused-by-cabin-pressure-loss.a484788/ |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=LSM}}</ref>
* On July 8, 2023, a Cessna 550 crashed in fog after a second attempt at landing at [[French Valley Airport]], California, having [[Aborted landing|aborted]] a first attempt. The plane missed the runway by 500 feet, crashed into a field and caught fire. The crash killed the 6 occupants of the plane.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ASN Aircraft accident Cessna 550 Citation II N819KR Murrieta/Temecula-French Valley Airport, CA (RBK) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20230708-1 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-09 |title=6 dead in Southern California crash of private jet as visibility changed rapidly |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/six-dead-small-plane-crash-southern-california-rcna93216 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref>

==Specifications (Cessna S550 Citation S/II)==
[[File:Cessna S550 Citation II flight deck N389L 1990.jpg|thumb|Cessna S550 Citation II flight deck while airborne]]
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1993–94<ref name="Janes 93 p465-6">Lambert 1993, pp. 465–466.</ref>
|prime units?=kts
|genhide=

|crew=Two pilots (One pilot on II/SP)
|capacity=Six to eight passengers
|length m=
|length ft=47
|length in=8+1/2
|span m=
|span ft=52
|span in=2+1/2
|height m=
|height ft=15
|height in=0
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=342.6
|airfoil=[[NACA airfoil|NACA]] 23000<ref name=BCA26feb2018/>
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=8059
|gross weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=15100
|fuel capacity={{convert|862|USgal|impgal L|abbr=on}} usable fuel
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[Pratt & Whitney Canada JT15D]]-4B
|eng1 type=[[turbofan]]s
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=2500<!-- jet/rocket engines -->

<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed kmh=
|max speed mph=
|max speed kts=
|max speed mach=0.721
|max speed note=(above {{convert|29315|ft|m|abbr=on}}) 
|cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed kts=403
|cruise speed note=at {{convert|35000|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|stall speed kts=82
|stall speed note=([[Calibrated airspeed|CAS]])
|range km=
|range miles=
|range nmi=1998
|range note=(with max fuel)
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=43000
|ceiling note=(max operating altitude)
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=3040
|more performance=

|avionics=
}}

==See also==
{{aircontent
|related=
* [[Cessna Citation|Cessna Citation series]]
* [[Cessna Citation I]]
* [[Cessna Citation V]]
|similar aircraft=
*[[Dassault Falcon 10]]
*[[Hawker 400]]
*[[Learjet 31]]
*[[Learjet 35|Learjet 35/36]]
|sequence=
|lists=
|see also=
}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

* Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". ''[[Flight International]]'', Vol. 182, No. 5370, 11–17 December 2012. pp.&nbsp;40–64. {{ISSN|0015-3710}}.
* Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". ''Flight International'', Vol. 188, No. 5517, 8–14 December 2015. pp.&nbsp;26–53. {{ISSN|0015-3710}}.
* Hoyle, Craig, Farfad, Antoine. "World Air Forces Directory". ''Flight International'', Vol. 196, No. 5715, 10–16 December 2019. pp.&nbsp;26–54. {{ISSN|0015-3710}}.
* Lambert, Mark. ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1993–94''. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Data Division, 1993. {{ISBN|0-7106-1066-1}}.
* {{cite book |last=Szurovy |first=Geza |date=1999 |title=Cessna Citation Jets |location=Osceola, Wisconsin |publisher=MBI Publishing Company |isbn=0-7603-0785-7}}.

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=160 Airliners.net aircraft description page]

{{Citation family}}
{{Cessna}}
{{USAF trainer aircraft}}
{{Swedish military aircraft designations}}
{{Spanish liaison aircraft}}

[[Category:Cessna aircraft|Citation II]]
[[Category:1970s United States business aircraft]]
[[Category:Twinjets]]
[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Cruciform tail aircraft]]
[[Category:1980s United States military trainer aircraft]]
[[Category:Cessna Citation family|Citation 002]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1977]]