Solitary confinement

==== Iceland ====
{{See also|Guðmundur and Geirfinnur case}}
[[Iceland]] has faced criticism for decades over its extensive use of pre-trial solitary confinement.<ref>{{Cite report |url=http://www.cpt.coe.int/documents/isl/1994-08-inf-eng.pdf |title=Report to the Icelandic Government on the visit to Iceland carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) |date=28 June 1994 |issue=CPT/Inf (94) 8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060501050249/www.cpt.coe.int/documents/isl/1994-08-inf-eng.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2006 |url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref name="bbc">{{cite news |last=Cox |first=Simon |date=15 May 2014 |title=The Reykjavik Confessions |website=[[BBC News]] |publisher=BBC |format=interactive feature |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/2014/newsspec_7617/index.html |url-status=live |access-date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617091829/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/2014/newsspec_7617/index.html |archive-date=17 June 2018}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=31 January 2023 |title=Iceland's abusive use of solitary confinement must end immediately |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/01/iceland-abusive-use-of-solitary-confinement-must-end-immediately/ |website=Amnesty International}}</ref> A 2023 report by [[Amnesty International]] documented that 61 percent of pre-trial detainees had spent time in solitary confinement in 2021; of those detained that year, 57 percent were [[Foreign national|foreign nationals]], a percentage far higher than the percentage of foreign nationals in Iceland (around 14 percent of the population in 2021).<ref>{{Cite journal |date=31 January 2023 |title=Iceland: "Waking up to nothing" - Harmful and unjustified use of pre-trial solitary confinement |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur28/6373/2023/en/ |journal=[[Amnesty International]] |series=EUR 28/6373/2023 |pages=17–18}}</ref>