Feminism

==== Fourth-wave feminism ====
{{main|Fourth-wave feminism}}
[[File:Iruñeko bortxaketaren auzia 5.jpg|thumb|Protest against [[La Manada sexual abuse case]] sentence, Pamplona, 2018]]

Fourth-wave feminism is a proposed extension of third-wave feminism which corresponds to a resurgence in interest in feminism beginning around 2012 and associated with the use of social media.<ref name=4thWave-Guardian20131210/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Feminism: A fourth wave? {{!}} The Political Studies Association (PSA)|url=https://www.psa.ac.uk/psa/news/feminism-fourth-wave|access-date=29 November 2021|website=Feminism: A fourth wave? {{!}} The Political Studies Association (PSA)}}</ref> According to feminist scholar Prudence Chamberlain, the focus of the fourth wave is justice for women and opposition to sexual harassment and violence against women. Its essence, she writes, is "incredulity that certain attitudes can still exist".{{sfn|Chamberlain|2017|p=115}}

Fourth-wave feminism is "defined by technology", according to [[Kira Cochrane]], and is characterized particularly by the use of [[Facebook]], [[Twitter]], [[Instagram]], [[YouTube]], [[Tumblr]], and blogs such as [[Feministing]] to challenge [[misogyny]] and further [[gender equality]].<ref name="4thWave-Guardian20131210">{{cite news|last=Cochrane|first=Kira|author-link=Kira Cochrane|date=10 December 2013|title=The Fourth Wave of Feminism: Meet the Rebel Women|newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/10/fourth-wave-feminism-rebel-women|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131210221939/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/10/fourth-wave-feminism-rebel-women|archive-date=10 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Solomon|first=Deborah|date=13 November 2009|title=The Blogger and Author on the Life of Women Online|work=[[The New York Times Magazine]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/magazine/15fob-q4-t.html|url-status=live|access-date=16 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501082226/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/magazine/15fob-q4-t.html?_r=3|archive-date=1 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Zerbisias|first=Antonia|date=16 September 2015|title=Feminism's Fourth Wave is the Shitlist|url=https://nowtoronto.com/news/feminisms-fourth-wave-is-the-shitlist/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817170127/https://nowtoronto.com/feminisms-fourth-wave-is-the-shitlist|archive-date=17 August 2020|access-date=21 April 2016|website=NOW Toronto}}</ref>

[[File:Women's March on Washington (32593123745).jpg|thumb|left|[[2017 Women's March]], Washington, D.C.]]

Issues that fourth-wave feminists focus on include [[street harassment|street]] and [[workplace harassment]], [[campus sexual assault]] and rape culture. Scandals involving the harassment, abuse, and murder of women and girls have galvanized the movement. These have included the [[2012 Delhi gang rape]], 2012 [[Jimmy Savile sexual abuse scandal|Jimmy Savile allegations]], the [[Bill Cosby sexual assault case|Bill Cosby allegations]], [[2014 Isla Vista killings]], 2016 [[trial of Jian Ghomeshi]], 2017 [[Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse allegations|Harvey Weinstein allegations]] and subsequent [[Weinstein effect]], and the [[2017 Westminster sexual scandals]].<ref>For Cosby, Ghomeshi, #MeToo, and fourth wave, see Matheson, Kelsey (17 October 2017). [http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/kelsey-matheson/you-said-metoo-now-what-are-we-going-to-do-about-it_a_23246129/ "You Said #MeToo. Now What Are We Going To Do About It?"], ''The Huffington Post''.{{pb}}
For Savile and fourth wave, see {{harvnb|Chamberlain|2017|pp=114–115}}{{pb}}
For page three, Thorpe, Vanessa (27 July 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/27/new-generation-of-feminists-set-agenda "What now for Britain's new-wave feminists – after page 3 and £10 notes?"], ''The Guardian''.{{pb}}
For Isla Vista killings, see {{cite news|url=http://time.com/3319081/whyistayed-hashtag-feminism-activism/ |title=Behold the Power of #Hashtag Feminism |last=Bennett |first=Jessica |date=10 September 2014 |magazine=Time}}</ref>

[[File:8M Paraná 2019 13.jpg|thumb|right|[[International Women's Strike]], Paraná, Argentina, 2019]]

Examples of fourth-wave feminist campaigns include the [[Everyday Sexism Project]], [[No More Page 3]], [[Stop Bild Sexism]], ''[[Mattress Performance (Carry That Weight)|Mattress Performance]]'', ''[[10 Hours of Walking in NYC as a Woman]]'', [[YesAllWomen|#YesAllWomen]], [[Free the Nipple (campaign)|Free the Nipple]], [[One Billion Rising]], the [[2017 Women's March]], the [[2018 Women's March]], and the [[Me Too (hashtag)|#MeToo]] movement. In December 2017, [[Time (magazine)|''Time'']] magazine chose several prominent female activists involved in the #MeToo movement, dubbed "the silence breakers", as [[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year]].<ref name=Zacharek6Dec2017>Zacharek, Stephanie; Dockterman Eliana; and Sweetland Edwards, Haley (6 December 2017). [http://time.com/time-person-of-the-year-2017-silence-breakers/ "The Silence Breakers"], ''Time''.</ref><ref>Redden, Molly, and agencies (6 December 2017). [https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/dec/06/metoo-movement-named-time-magazines-person-of-the-year "#MeToo movement named Time magazine's Person of the Year"], ''The Guardian''.</ref>