Bono

===Efficacy and analysis===
[[File:Bono with Barack Obama.jpg|thumb|Bono meeting with then-US President [[Barack Obama]] in 2010]]
Bono has become one of the world's best-known philanthropic performers and was named the most politically effective celebrity of all time by the ''[[National Journal]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nationaljournal.com/s/636468/nj-20|title=The NJ 20|magazine=[[National Journal]]|first=Ronald|last=Brownstein|author-link=Ron Brownstein|date=28 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110502212123/http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/the-nj-20-the-most-politically-effective-celebrities-of-all-time-20110428|archive-date=2 May 2011|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Michael Anft, Brennen Jensen, and Ian Wilhelm, [http://philanthropy.com/free/articles/v18/i20/20000601.htm "Voicing Support for Charity"], ''The Chronicle of Philanthropy'' 3 August 2006.</ref><ref>Dean Goodman, "Hollywood Hails U2's Bono for Philanthropy", ''Reuters New Media'' 15 February 2002 {{cite web|url=http://www.aegis.org/news/re/2002/RE020220.html |title=AEGiS-Reuters: Hollywood Hails U2's Bono for Philanthropy |access-date=5 October 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222084411/http://www.aegis.org/news/re/2002/RE020220.html |archive-date=22 December 2007 }}</ref> He has been dubbed "the face of fusion philanthropy",<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/13/us/13bono.html |title=Paul Hewson, Trying to Throw His Arms Around the World |newspaper=The New York Times|first=Tom Jr.|last=Zeller|date=13 November 2006|page=F16}}</ref> both for his success enlisting powerful allies from a diverse spectrum of leaders in government, religious institutions, philanthropic organisations, popular media, and the business world, as well as for spearheading new organizational networks that bind global humanitarian relief with geopolitical activism and corporate commercial enterprise.<ref name="time-samaritans">{{cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,1142278,00.html|title=The Good Samaritans|magazine=Time |first=Nancy|last=Gibbs|date=26 December 2005 – 2 January 2006|volume=166|issue=26|pages=24–31|access-date=9 March 2021}}</ref>

On 15 December 2005, [[Paul Theroux]] published an op-ed in ''The New York Times'' called "The Rock Star's Burden" (cf. [[Rudyard Kipling|Kipling's]] "[[The White Man's Burden]]") that criticised stars such as Bono, [[Brad Pitt]], and [[Angelina Jolie]], labelling them as "[[mythomaniac]]s, people who wish to convince the world of their worth." Theroux, who lived in Africa as a [[Peace Corps]] volunteer, added that "the impression that Africa is fatally troubled and [[White savior|can be saved only by outside help]]—not to mention celebrities and charity concerts—is a destructive and misleading conceit."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/15/opinion/the-rock-stars-burden.html|title=The Rock Star's Burden|newspaper=The New York Times |first=Paul|last=Theroux|date=15 December 2005|page=A35|access-date=26 March 2021}}</ref>

In February 2006, Bono responded to his critics by calling them "cranks carping from the sidelines. A lot of them wouldn't know what to do if they were on the field. They're the party who will always be in opposition so they'll never have to take responsibility for decisions because they know they'll never be able to implement them."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/michka-assayas-meets-bono-k3sd5brtx0f|title=Michka Assayas meets Bono|newspaper=[[The Times]]|date=19 February 2006|first=Michka|last=Assayas|author-link=Michka Assayas|access-date=26 March 2021}}</ref>

In an article in Bloomberg Markets in March 2007, journalists [[Richard Tomlinson]] and Fergal O'Brien noted that Bono used his band's 2006 Vertigo world tour to promote his ONE Campaign while at the same time "U2 was racking up $389&nbsp;million in gross ticket receipts, making Vertigo the second-most lucrative tour of all time, according to Billboard magazine ... Revenue from the Vertigo tour is funnelled through companies that are mostly registered in Ireland and structured to minimise taxes."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/marketsmag/bono.pdf|title=Bloomberg Markets, "Bono Inc", March 2007|publisher=Bloomberg.com|access-date=22 September 2014}}</ref>

Further criticism came in November 2007, when Bono's various charity campaigns were targeted by Jobs Selasie, head of African Aid Action. Selasie claimed that these charities had increased corruption and dependency in Africa because they failed to work with African entrepreneurs and grassroots organisations, and as a result, Africa has become more dependent on international handouts.<ref name="nme africa charities" />
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