Vanderbilt University

==Academics==

{{Infobox U.S. college admissions
|year               = 2022
|ref                = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vanderbilt.edu/dsa/common-data-set/ |title= 2022-2023 Common Data Set |publisher=Vanderbilt University |date=August 26, 2022 |access-date=May 16, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://admissions.vanderbilt.edu/profile/#admission-to-vanderbilt|title=Vanderbilt At A Glance|publisher=Vanderbilt University|date=August 26, 2022|access-date=May 16, 2023}}</ref>
|admit rate         = 6.7%
|yield rate= 52.3%
|SAT EBRW           = 730-770<!-- use an em-dash (–) -->
|SAT Math           = 760-800<!-- use an em-dash (–) -->
|ACT                = 34-35<!-- use an em-dash (–) -->

|top decile         = 
|top decile change  = 
|top quarter        = 
|top quarter change = 
|top half           = 
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}}
[[File:E. Bronson Ingram College.jpg|thumb|right|E. Bronson Ingram College]]
As of 2021, Vanderbilt had an enrollment of 7,111 undergraduate and 6,685 graduate and professional students, for a total of 13,796 students.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Vanderbilt at a Glance |url=https://admissions.vanderbilt.edu/profile/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=Undergraduate Admissions}}</ref> Students from all 50 states and more than 100 countries attend Vanderbilt, with approximately 68% of the undergraduate student body coming from outside the South and 10% from outside of the United States.<ref name=":0" /> As of 2022, the incoming undergraduate class was 49% male and 51% female.<ref name=":0" /> Moreover, 12.7% of the class was classified as Hispanic, 11.9% Black or African American, 16.9% Asian, 6% other/two or more races, and 10.4% international.<ref name=":0" /> 88% of Vanderbilt's students graduate in four years and 93% within six years.<ref name=":0" /> 97% of first-years return for their second year.<ref name="The Vanderbilt Profile*">{{Cite web|url=https://admissions.vanderbilt.edu/profile/#enrollmentfall2018|title=The Vanderbilt Profile*|website=Undergraduate Admissions|access-date=November 7, 2018}}</ref>

Vanderbilt lets undergraduates choose among 70 [[academic major|majors]], or create their own, in its four undergraduate schools and colleges: the [[Vanderbilt University College of Arts and Science|College of Arts and Science]], the [[Vanderbilt University School of Engineering|School of Engineering]], [[Peabody College of Education and Human Development]], and [[Blair School of Music]].<ref name="revu" /> The university also has six graduate and professional schools, including the [[Vanderbilt University Divinity School|Divinity School]], [[Vanderbilt University Graduate School|Graduate School]], [[Vanderbilt University Law School|Law School]], [[Vanderbilt University School of Medicine|School of Medicine]], [[Vanderbilt University School of Nursing|School of Nursing]], and [[Vanderbilt University Owen Graduate School of Management|Owen Graduate School of Management]].<ref name="revu" /><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanderbilt.edu/about/facts/|title=Vanderbilt University|publisher=Vanderbilt University|access-date=October 10, 2017|archive-date=August 19, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150819095228/http://www.vanderbilt.edu/info/facts/}}</ref> As of 2021, Vanderbilt has a student-to-faculty ratio of 8:1.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web|url=https://admissions.vanderbilt.edu/profile/#alumni|title=The Vanderbilt Profile {{!}} Undergraduate Admissions {{!}} Vanderbilt University|website=admissions.vanderbilt.edu|access-date=February 9, 2018}}</ref>

The university's undergraduate programs are highly selective: in 2022, Vanderbilt's acceptance rate and yield rate were 6.1% and 52.3%, respectively. Vanderbilt is one of the most selective universities in the United States.<ref>{{Cite news|title='This class gives me hope': Class of 2026 overall acceptance rate drops to 6.1%, record low|url=https://vanderbilthustler.com/2022/04/16/this-class-gives-me-hope-class-of-2026-overall-acceptance-rate-drops-to-6-1-record-low/|access-date=2021-06-27|newspaper=The Vanderbilt Hustler|last1=Perrotta |first1=Rachael}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Dado |first=Natasha |date=September 15, 2022 |title=The hardest colleges to get into for 2023, ranked |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/hardest-colleges-to-get-into/33/|access-date=May 16, 2023 |publisher=CBS News}}</ref>

In 2015, Vanderbilt was ranked fifth overall and fourth among private universities in enrollment of National Merit Scholars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalmerit.org/s/1758/images/gid2/editor_documents/annual_report.pdf?gid=2&pgid=61&sessionid=27efde83-fe42-458f-be8b-2a82c2b3461f&cc=1|title=National Merit Scholarship Corporation Annual Report, 2015–2016|website=National Merit Scholarship Corporation}}</ref> In its most recent annual comparison of admissions selectivity, [[The Princeton Review]] gave Vanderbilt a rating of 99 out of 99.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=The Princeton Review |title=Vanderbilt University |url=https://www.princetonreview.com/college/vanderbilt-university-1022817 |access-date=February 28, 2022}}</ref> The class of 2023 included 231 National Merit Scholars and 116 [[valedictorian]]s or [[salutatorian]]s.<ref name=":0" /> Additionally, the class had standardized test scores that were well above average: the interquartile range (25th percentile&nbsp;– 75th percentile) of [[SAT]] scores was 1460–1560, while the interquartile range of [[ACT (examination)|ACT]] scores was 33–35.<ref name=":0" /> For students of the class of 2016 whose schools reported exact class rankings, 93% ranked in the top 10% of their class.<ref name="admissions.vanderbilt.edu">{{cite web |url=https://admissions.vanderbilt.edu/vandybloggers/2022/03/class-of-2026-regular-decision-summary-statistics// |title=Class of 2026 Regular Decisions Mailed Today &#124; The Vandy Admissions Blog &#124; Vanderbilt University |publisher=Admissions.vanderbilt.edu |date=March 23, 2012 |access-date=March 5, 2013}}</ref>

===Research===
According to the [[National Science Foundation]], Vanderbilt spent $1 billion on research and development in 2021, ranking it 24th among American universities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings by total R&D expenditures |url=https://ncsesdata.nsf.gov/profiles/site?method=rankingBySource&ds=herd |access-date=May 16, 2023 |website=ncsesdata.nsf.gov |publisher=[[National Science Foundation]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zalaznick |first=Matt |date=2023-01-06 |title=Billion-dollar business: These are higher ed's top 30 R&D performers |url=https://universitybusiness.com/r-d-research-and-development-billion-dollar-top-30-college-university-higher-ed-spenders/ |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=University Business |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2013, Vanderbilt University was ranked 12th in the country in funding from the National Institutes of Health.<ref>{{cite web |date=March 31, 2022 |title=Vanderbilt ranks 12th in annual survey of NIH funding; 2021 awards topped $445M |url=https://news.vanderbilt.edu/2022/03/31/vanderbilt-ranks-12th-in-annual-survey-of-nih-funding-2021-awards-topped-445m/ |access-date=May 16, 2023 |publisher=Vanderbilt University}}</ref> Its [[Institute for Space and Defense Electronics]], housed in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, includes the largest academic facility in the world involved in radiation-effects research.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ieee-npss.org/distinguished-lecturers/ron-schrimpf-ph-d/|title=Nuclear & Plasma Sciences Society|access-date=August 3, 2015}}</ref>

[[File:The Wond'ry.png|thumb|right|The Wond'ry is Vanderbilt's Center for Innovation and Design]]
[[File:Olin Hall.png|thumb|right|Olin Hall, adjacent to The Wond'ry]]

Among its more unusual activities, the university has institutes devoted to the study of coffee and of [[contract bridge|bridge]].<ref name="bridge">{{cite web|url=http://www.vanderbilt.edu/bridge/hsvanderbilt.htm|title=Harold Stirling Vanderbilt|access-date=August 3, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306192906/http://www.vanderbilt.edu/bridge/hsvanderbilt.htm|archive-date=March 6, 2016}}</ref> Indeed, the modern form of the latter was developed by [[Harold Stirling Vanderbilt]], a former president of the university's Board of Trust and a great-grandson of the Commodore.<ref name="bridge" /> In addition, in mid-2004 it was announced that Vanderbilt's [[chemical biology]] research may have serendipitously opened the door to the breeding of a [[blue rose]], something that has long been coveted by [[horticulture|horticulturalists]] and rose lovers.<ref>{{cite news |last=Harrison |first=David |title=A true scientific breakthrough: the blue rose |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/3340712/A-true-scientific-breakthrough-the-blue-rose.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/3340712/A-true-scientific-breakthrough-the-blue-rose.html |archive-date=January 11, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |date=May 23, 2004 |access-date=June 30, 2011 |location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In 2010, the Center for Intelligent Mechatronics at Vanderbilt began testing a [[powered exoskeleton]] intended to assist [[paraplegic]]s, [[stroke]] victims and other paralyzed or semi-paralyzed people to walk independently.<ref name=Vanderbilt2>{{cite web|url=http://news.vanderbilt.edu/2012/10/exoskeleton/|title=Advanced exoskeleton promises more independence for people with paraplegia|publisher=Vanderbilt University|date=October 30, 2012|access-date=November 29, 2012}}</ref> The [[Vanderbilt exoskeleton]] received funding from [[Parker Hannifin Corporation]] in 2012 and has since gone to market internationally.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.popsci.com/indego-exoskeleton-gets-fda-approval/|title=Lightweight Robotic Exoskeleton Approved By FDA|website=Popular Science|date=March 12, 2016}}</ref>

Vanderbilt is a discovering institution of [[Tennessine]], [[atomic number]] 117 on the [[periodic table of elements]] with the [[Symbol (chemistry)|symbol]] '''Ts''', collaborating with the [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] in [[Moscow Oblast]], Russia and the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]].<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=U.S. DOE Office of Science|title=Nations Work Together to Discover New Element|url=http://science.energy.gov/news/featured-articles/2011/127004/|website=[[U.S. Department of Energy]]|year=2011|access-date=2020-01-05}}</ref> It was officially named after the state of [[Tennessee]] by the [[International Union of Pure and Applied Physics]] in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 8, 2016 |url=https://apnews.com/bd44f5cccba04d4fbaec96273e06fb45|title=Periodic table elements named for Moscow, Japan, Tennessee|work=Associated Press News}}</ref>

The university's research record is blemished, however, by a study university researchers, in conjunction with the Tennessee Department of Health, conducted on [[iron]] [[metabolism]] during [[pregnancy]] in the 1940s.<ref>{{cite news |title=$10 Million Settlement In Radiation Suit |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=May 29, 1998 |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9801EEDD1138F93AA15756C0A96E958260&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fOrganizations%2fV%2fVanderbilt%20University |access-date=September 20, 2007}}</ref> Between 1945 and 1949, over 800 pregnant women were given [[radioactive]] iron. Standards of [[informed consent]] for research subjects were not rigorously enforced at that time,{{efn|See article on the [[Declaration of Helsinki]].}} and many of the women were not informed of the potential risks. The injections were later suspected to have caused cancer in at least three of the children who were born to these mothers.<ref>{{cite news |last=Schneider |first=Keith |title=Scientists Share in Pain Of Experiment Debates |work=The New York Times |date=March 2, 1994 |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9903E0D8153AF931A35750C0A962958260&sec=health&spon=&pagewanted=1
|access-date=July 5, 2007}}</ref> In 1998, the university settled a [[class action]] lawsuit with the mothers and surviving children for $10.3 million.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Lieff Cabraser]] |title=Vanderbilt University Radiation Class Action |date=July 27, 1998 |url=http://www.lieffcabraser.com/Personal-Injury/Accidents-Recalls/Vanderbilt-University-Radiation-Exposure-Class-Action-Lawsuit.shtml |access-date=April 22, 2014  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405212342/http://www.lieffcabraser.com/Personal-Injury/Accidents-Recalls/Vanderbilt-University-Radiation-Exposure-Class-Action-Lawsuit.shtml |archive-date=April 5, 2014 }}</ref>

=== Rankings ===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{{Infobox US university ranking
| ARWU_NU = 33
| THE_WSJ = 15
| Wamo_NU = 18
| USNWR_NU = 18
| USNWR_W = 78
| QS_W = 261
| Forbes = 13
| ARWU_W = 66
| THES_W = 92=
}}
{{col-break}}
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="float:right; text-align:center"
|-
! colspan=4 style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Vanderbilt Commodores|color=white}}" |National program rankings<ref name="USNWR National University Rankings">{{cite magazine|title=Vanderbilt University – U.S. News Best National University Rankings|magazine=U.S. News & World Report |access-date=February 28, 2022|url=https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities}}</ref>
|-
! Program
! Ranking
|-
| Audiology || 1
|-
| Biological Sciences || 27
|-
| Business || 29
|-
| Chemistry || 41
|-
| Clinical Psychology || 16
|-
| Computer Science || 58
|-
| Earth Sciences || 68
|-
| Economics || 35
|-
| Education || 6
|-
| Engineering || 39
|-
| English || 27
|-
| History || 23
|-
| Law || 18
|-
| Mathematics || 44
|-
| Medicine: Primary Care || 23
|-
| Medicine: Research || 5
|-
| Nursing: Doctorate || 5
|-
| Nursing: Master's || 8
|-
| Nursing–Midwifery || 1
|-
| Physics || 52
|-
| Political Science || 24
|-
| Psychology || 26
|-
| Public Affairs || 53
|-
| Public Health || 53
|-
| Sociology || 32
|-
| Speech–Language Pathology || 1
|-
| Statistics || 44
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="float:right; text-align:center"
|-
! colspan=4 style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Vanderbilt Commodores|color=white}}" |Global program rankings<ref name="USNWR Global Univ Rankings">{{cite magazine|title=Vanderbilt University – U.S. News Best Global University Rankings|magazine=U.S. News & World Report |access-date=February 28, 2022|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/rankings}}</ref>
|-
! Program
! Ranking
|-
| Arts & Humanities || 125
|-
| Biology & Biochemistry || 92
|-
| Chemistry || 351
|-
| Clinical Medicine || 23
|-
| Economics & Business || 248
|-
| Engineering || 577
|-
| Immunology || 40
|-
| Materials Science || 416
|-
| Microbiology || 78
|-
| Molecular Biology & Genetics || 44
|-
| Neuroscience & Behavior || 83
|-
| Pharmacology & Toxicology || 87
|-
| Physics || 288
|-
| Psychiatry/Psychology || 78
|-
| Social Sciences & Public Health || 111
|-
| Space Science || 169
|}
{{col-end}}

Vanderbilt is ranked the 98th best university in the world in the [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]]. [[Reuters]] ranked it the 19th most innovative university in the world.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ewalt |first=David |date=October 23, 2019 |title=The World's Most Innovative Universities 2019 |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/graphics/AMERS-REUTERS%20RANKING-INNOVATIVE-UNIVERSITIES/0100B2JP1W1/index.html |access-date=May 16, 2023}}</ref>

[[File:Old Gymnasium at Vanderbilt University.jpg|thumb|Built in 1880 with funding from William Henry Vanderbilt, The Old Gym now houses the Office of Undergraduate Admissions.]]
[[File:Alumni Hall.png|thumb|right|Alumni Hall]]
[[File:Old Gym.png|thumb|right|Between Old Gym and E. Bronson Ingram College]]

In its 2022 edition, ''U.S. News & World Report'' ranked Vanderbilt 13th among all national universities.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities |title=Vanderbilt University}}</ref>  In the same publication's graduate program rankings, the Peabody College of Education was ranked fourth in the nation among schools of education,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-education-schools/vanderbilt-university-peabody-06191 |title=Vanderbilt University (Peabody)}}</ref> and the Vanderbilt Law School was listed at 18th, the School of Medicine was listed at 18th among research-oriented [[medical school]]s, the School of Nursing was listed at ninth, the School of Engineering was listed at 39th, and the Owen Graduate School of Management was listed at 23rd among business schools.<ref name="usnwr-grad">{{cite magazine |magazine=U.S. News & World Report |year=2014 |title=Vanderbilt University |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/vanderbilt-university-221999/overall-rankings}}</ref> Additionally, ''U.S. News & World Report'' ranked Vanderbilt first in the nation in the fields of [[special education]], educational administration, and [[audiology]].<ref name="usnwr-grad" /> In 2014, the Owen Graduate School of Management was ranked 30th by ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'' among full-time MBA programs.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=Bloomberg Businessweek |title=Full-Time MBA Programs |url=http://www.businessweek.com/bschools/rankings/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040529042023/http://www.businessweek.com/bschools/rankings/  |archive-date=May 29, 2004 |access-date=June 5, 2014}}</ref>

The ''[[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]'' ranks Vanderbilt as the 64th-best university in the world. Additionally the ARWU Field rankings in 2022 placed Vanderbilt as fourth best in the world for Education and Library & Information Science, 14th in Law, and 20th in Political Science.<ref>{{cite web |date=May 16, 2023 |title=Academic Ranking of World Universities: Vanderbilt University |url=https://www.shanghairanking.com/institution/vanderbilt-university|access-date=May 16, 2023 |publisher=ShanghaiRanking Consultancy}}</ref>  In the ''[[Times Higher Education]]'' 2016 World University Rankings, Vanderbilt is 87th. The 2023 ''[[QS World University Rankings]]'' ranked Vanderbilt 199th in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 16, 2023 |title=QS World University Rankings 2023: Top global universities |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2023 |access-date=May 16, 2023 |website=TopUniversities}}</ref> [[Human Resources & Labor Review]], a national human competitiveness index & analysis, ranked the university as one of 50 Best World Universities in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chasecareer.net/news_detail.php?id=61 |title=50 Best World Universities 2011 |publisher=ChaseCareer Network  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511100108/http://www.chasecareer.net/news_detail.php?id=61 |archive-date=May 11, 2011}}</ref> [[Poets & Writers]] ranked Vanderbilt's English Department's MFA Program in Creative Writing 18th among the top 50 writing programs in the United States in 2010 and 14th in the United States in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pw.org/content/top_fifty_mfa_programs_united_states_comprehensive_guide |title=The Top Fifty MFA Programs in the United States: A Comprehensive Guide|first=Seth |last=Abramson |date=November–December 2009 |publisher=pw.org |access-date=November 28, 2010}}</ref> ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]'' magazine ranked Vanderbilt among the top 100 places to work in the United States, the only university on their list.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Levering|first=Robert|author2=Moskowitz, Milton|title=100 Best Companies To Work For|journal=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]|volume=159|issue=2|page=78|date=February 2, 2009 |url=http://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2009/size/ | access-date=April 22, 2018}}</ref> In 2018, [[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|''Kiplinger's'']] Best College Values rankings listed Vanderbilt as one of the top ten "best value" universities and one of the top five private universities for value.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-private-colleges/index.php?table=all|title=Kiplinger's Best College Values|work=www.kiplinger.com|access-date=February 22, 2018|archive-date=February 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221033507/https://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-private-colleges/index.php?table=all}}</ref> In 2020, [[Money (magazine)|''Money'']]'s "Best Colleges in America, Ranked by Value" rankings listed Vanderbilt as being the eighth-best value university in the nation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Best Colleges in America of 2020 by Money|url=https://money.com/best-colleges/|access-date=2020-08-28|website=money.com}}</ref>

Vanderbilt does well in non-academic rankings as well. In 2017 alone, the university was ranked first for happiest students, second for quality of life, fifth for most beautiful campus, and fifth for best-run college by [[The Princeton Review]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.princetonreview.com/schools/1022817/college/vanderbilt-university|title=Vanderbilt University – The Princeton Review College Rankings & Reviews|website=www.princetonreview.com|access-date=August 3, 2017}}</ref> In 2016, the university was listed by ''[[Travel + Leisure]]'' as having one of the most beautiful campuses in the country.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/slideshows/americas-most-beautiful-college-campuses|title=America's Most Beautiful College Campuses|work=Travel + Leisure|access-date=February 22, 2018}}</ref> In 2016, Vanderbilt was ranked the third most intense college in the nation by ''[[Business Insider]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/most-intense-colleges-in-america-2016-4|title=Work Hard, Play Hard: The 30 most intense colleges in America|work=Business Insider|access-date=October 10, 2017}}</ref> In 2018, the magazine listed Vanderbilt as the fifth smartest college in America.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-50-smartest-colleges-in-america-2016-10#5-yale-university-average-sat-1498-47|title=Here are the 50 smartest colleges in America|work=Business Insider|access-date=August 24, 2018}}</ref>

In 2022, [[Niche (company)|''Niche'']] ranked Vanderbilt the 19th hardest college to get into in America.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2022 Hardest Colleges to Get Into |url=https://www.niche.com/colleges/search/hardest-to-get-in/ |access-date=March 18, 2018 |website=Niche}}</ref>