Google

=== Advertising ===
[[File:Ad-tech London 2010 (2).JPG|thumb|Google at ad-tech London, 2010]]

Google generates most of its revenues from advertising. This includes sales of apps, purchases made in-app, digital content products on Google and YouTube, Android and licensing and service fees, including fees received for Google Cloud offerings. Forty-six percent of this profit was from clicks (cost per clicks), amounting to US$109,652 million in 2017. This includes three principal methods, namely [[AdMob]], [[AdSense]] (such as AdSense for Content, [[AdSense]] for Search, etc.) and [[DoubleClick]] AdExchange.<ref name="agm2017">{{Cite book |url=https://abc.xyz/investor |title=Annualg report (Alphabet Inc.) – 2017 |date=March 1, 2018 |publisher=Alphabet Inc. Investor relations |access-date=December 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203091612/https://abc.xyz/investor/ |archive-date=February 3, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> In addition to its own algorithms for understanding search requests, Google uses technology from its acquisition of [[DoubleClick]], to project user interest and target advertising to the search context and the user history.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nakashima |first=Ellen |date=August 12, 2008 |title=Some Web Firms Say They Track Behavior Without Explicit Consent |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/11/AR2008081102270_pf.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112172756/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/11/AR2008081102270_pf.html |archive-date=November 12, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Helft |first=Miguel |date=March 11, 2009 |title=Google to Offer Ads Based on Interests |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/11/technology/internet/11google.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328214358/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/11/technology/internet/11google.html |archive-date=March 28, 2017 |access-date=March 9, 2017 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> In 2007, Google launched "[[AdSense for Mobile]]", taking advantage of the emerging mobile advertising market.<ref name="adsense_mobile">{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2007 |title=Google AdSense for Mobile unlocks the potential of the mobile advertising market |url=https://www.google.com/intl/en/press/annc/20070917_mobileads.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620042233/https://www.google.com/intl/en/press/annc/20070917_mobileads.html |archive-date=June 20, 2012 |access-date=February 26, 2010 |website=Google, Inc.}}</ref>

[[Google Analytics]] allows website owners to track where and how people use their website, for example by examining click rates for all the links on a page.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bright |first=Peter |date=August 27, 2008 |title=Surfing on the sly with IE8's new "InPrivate" Internet |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2008/08/surfing-on-the-sly-ie8s-inprivate-internet/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312040931/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2008/08/surfing-on-the-sly-ie8s-inprivate-internet/ |archive-date=March 12, 2017 |access-date=March 9, 2017 |website=[[Ars Technica]] |publisher=[[Condé Nast]]}}</ref> Google advertisements can be placed on third-party websites in a two-part program. [[Google Ads]] allows advertisers to display their advertisements in the Google content network, through a cost-per-click scheme.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Beal |first=Vangie |date=December 21, 2010 |title=AdWords – Google AdWords |url=http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/adwords.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629163240/http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/adwords.html |archive-date=June 29, 2017 |access-date=May 27, 2017 |website=Webopedia |publisher=QuinStreet Inc.}}</ref> The sister service, Google AdSense, allows website owners to display these advertisements on their website and earn money every time ads are clicked.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Beal |first=Vangie |date=December 20, 2010 |title=AdSense – Google AdSense |url=http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/adsense.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170502044751/http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/adsense.html |archive-date=May 2, 2017 |access-date=May 27, 2017 |website=Webopedia |publisher=QuinStreet Inc.}}</ref> One of the criticisms of this program is the possibility of [[click fraud]], which occurs when a person or automated script clicks on advertisements without being interested in the product, causing the advertiser to pay money to Google unduly. Industry reports in 2006 claimed that approximately 14 to 20&nbsp;percent of clicks were fraudulent or invalid.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mills |first=Elinor |date=July 25, 2006 |title=Google to offer advertisers click fraud stats |work=news.cnet.com |publisher=[[CNET]] |url=http://news.cnet.com/Google-to-offer-advertisers-click-fraud-stats/2100-1024_3-6098469.html |url-status=live |access-date=July 29, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510075216/http://news.cnet.com/Google-to-offer-advertisers-click-fraud-stats/2100-1024_3-6098469.html |archive-date=May 10, 2011}}</ref> [[Google Search Console]] (rebranded from Google Webmaster Tools in May 2015) allows [[webmasters]] to check the sitemap, crawl rate, and for security issues of their websites, as well as optimize their website's visibility.