California Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! PreviewAdvancedSpecial charactersHelpHeadingLevel 2Level 3Level 4Level 5FormatInsertLatinLatin extendedIPASymbolsGreekGreek extendedCyrillicArabicArabic extendedHebrewBanglaTamilTeluguSinhalaDevanagariGujaratiThaiLaoKhmerCanadian AboriginalRunesÁáÀàÂâÄäÃãǍǎĀāĂ㥹ÅåĆćĈĉÇçČčĊċĐđĎďÉéÈèÊêËëĚěĒēĔĕĖėĘęĜĝĢģĞğĠġĤĥĦħÍíÌìÎîÏïĨĩǏǐĪīĬĭİıĮįĴĵĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńÑñŅņŇňÓóÒòÔôÖöÕõǑǒŌōŎŏǪǫŐőŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŜŝŞşŠšȘșȚțŤťÚúÙùÛûÜüŨũŮůǓǔŪūǖǘǚǜŬŭŲųŰűŴŵÝýŶŷŸÿȲȳŹźŽžŻżÆæǢǣØøŒœßÐðÞþƏəFormattingLinksHeadingsListsFilesDiscussionReferencesDescriptionWhat you typeWhat you getItalic''Italic text''Italic textBold'''Bold text'''Bold textBold & italic'''''Bold & italic text'''''Bold & italic textDescriptionWhat you typeWhat you getReferencePage text.<ref>[https://www.example.org/ Link text], additional text.</ref>Page text.[1]Named referencePage text.<ref name="test">[https://www.example.org/ Link text]</ref>Page text.[2]Additional use of the same referencePage text.<ref name="test" />Page text.[2]Display references<references />↑ Link text, additional text.↑ Link text===1900–present=== {{Main|History of California 1900–present}} [[File:Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|View of the destruction from the [[1906 San Francisco earthquake]]]] In the twentieth century, thousands of Japanese people migrated to the US and California specifically to attempt to purchase and own land in the state. However, the state in 1913 passed the [[California Alien Land Law of 1913|Alien Land Act]], excluding Asian immigrants from owning land.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The U.S. Mainland: Growth and Resistance |url=https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/immigration/japanese/the-us-mainland-growth-and-resistance/ |website=Library of Congress}}</ref> During World War II, [[Internment of Japanese Americans|Japanese Americans in California were interned]] in concentration camps such as at [[Tule Lake National Monument|Tule Lake]] and [[Manzanar]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Behind the Wire: Japanese Immigration and Relocation in U.S. History |url=https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/immigration/japanese/behind-the-wire/ |access-date=February 8, 2021 |website=Library of Congress}}</ref> In 2020, California officially apologized for this internment.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dil |first=Cuneyt |date=February 20, 2020 |title=California apologizes for Japanese American internment |url=https://apnews.com/article/4b9234383de4814974f81e78a1edaa95 |access-date=February 8, 2021 |website=AP NEWS}}</ref> Migration to California accelerated during the early 20th century with the completion of major transcontinental highways like the [[Lincoln Highway]] and [[U.S. Route 66 (California)|Route 66]]. In the period from 1900 to 1965, the population grew from fewer than one million to the greatest in the Union. In 1940, the Census Bureau reported California's population as 6.0% Hispanic, 2.4% Asian, and 89.5% non-Hispanic white.<ref>{{Cite web |title=California—Race and Hispanic Origin: 1850 to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224151538/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html |archive-date=December 24, 2014 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> To meet the population's needs, major engineering feats like the [[California Aqueduct|California]] and [[Los Angeles Aqueduct]]s; the [[Oroville Dam|Oroville]] and [[Shasta Dam]]s; and the [[San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge|Bay]] and [[Golden Gate Bridge|Golden Gate]] Bridges were built across the state. The state government also adopted the [[California Master Plan for Higher Education]] in 1960 to develop a highly efficient system of public education. [[File:Paramount Pictures studio gate, c. 1940 (cropped).jpg|thumb|In the early 20th century, [[Major film studios|Hollywood studios]], like [[Paramount Pictures]], helped transform [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]] into the world capital of film and helped solidify [[Los Angeles]] as a global economic hub.]] Meanwhile, attracted to the mild Mediterranean climate, cheap land, and the state's wide variety of geography, filmmakers established the [[studio system]] in Hollywood in the 1920s. California manufactured 8.7 percent of total United States military armaments produced [[California during World War II|during World War II]], ranking third (behind [[New York (state)|New York]] and [[Michigan]]) among the 48 states.<ref>[[Whiz Kids (Department of Defense)|Peck, Merton J.]] & [[Frederic M. Scherer|Scherer, Frederic M.]] ''The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis'' (1962) [[Harvard Business School]] p. 111</ref> California however easily ranked first in production of military ships during the war (transport, cargo, [merchant ships] such as [[Liberty ship]]s, [[Victory ships]], and warships) at drydock facilities in San Diego, Los Angeles, and the San Francisco Bay Area.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shipbuilding Essay—World War II in the San Francisco Bay Area: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/wwiibayarea/shipbuilding.htm |website=Nps.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Richmond Shipyard Number Three: World War II in the San Francisco Bay Area: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/wwIIbayarea/ric.htm |website=Nps.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rosie the Riveter National Historical Park, Kaiser Shipyards |url=https://cdn.loc.gov/master/pnp/habshaer/ca/ca3300/ca3393/data/ca3393data.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://cdn.loc.gov/master/pnp/habshaer/ca/ca3300/ca3393/data/ca3393data.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live |website=Csn.loc.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=August 11, 2010 |title=Saving the Bay—The Greatest Shipbuilding Center in the World |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UhCiGY75wVw |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203135248/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UhCiGY75wVw |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |work=[[KQED Inc.|KQED]] |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=July 10, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> Due to the hiring opportunities California offered during the conflict, the population of the state greatly multiplied from the immigration it received due to the work offered in its war factories, military bases, and training facilities.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=Resident Population Data – 2010 Census|website=Census.gov|access-date=October 7, 2017}}</ref> After World War II, California's economy greatly expanded due to strong [[Aerospace manufacturer|aerospace]] and [[Defense industry|defense]] industries,<ref name="BWatkins2012">{{cite news |title=How California Lost its Mojo |first=Bill |last=Watkins |url= http://www.foxandhoundsdaily.com/2012/10/how-california-lost-its-mojo/ |newspaper=Fox and Hound Daily |date=October 10, 2012 |access-date=June 25, 2013}}{{break}}{{Cite book |last1=Nancy Kleniewski |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=dWuQ70MtnIQC|page=91}} |title=Cities, Change, and Conflict: A Political Economy of Urban Life |last2=Alexander R. Thomas |date=March 1, 2010 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=978-0-495-81222-7 |pages=91–92 |access-date=June 26, 2013}}</ref> whose size decreased following the end of the [[Cold War]].<ref name="BWatkins2012" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rosa Maria Moller |date=May 2008 |title=Aerospace States' Incentives to Attract The Industry |url=http://www.library.ca.gov/crb/08/08-005.pdf |access-date=June 25, 2013 |website=library.ca.gov |publisher=California Research Bureau |pages=24–25 |archive-date=August 24, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140824080139/http://www.library.ca.gov/crb/08/08-005.pdf }}{{break}}{{cite web |url=http://laedc.org/reports/AerospaceinSoCal_0812.pdf |title=The Aerospace Industry in Southern California |first1=Robert A. |last1=Kleinhenz |first2=Kimberly |last2=Ritter-Martinez |first3=Rafael |last3=De Anda |first4=Elizabeth |last4=Avila |date=August 2012 |publisher=laedc.org |access-date=June 25, 2013 |page=10 |quote=In 1987, California accounted for one in four aerospace jobs nationally, and in Los Angeles County, the share was one in ten. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the Department of Defense (DOD) sharply curtailed procurement spending. In 1995, DOD spending fell below $50{{spaces}}billion for the first time since 1982. Nowhere in the country were the changes in Pentagon outlays more apparent than in Southern California. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512204822/http://laedc.org/reports/AerospaceinSoCal_0812.pdf |archive-date=May 12, 2013 }}{{break}}{{cite book |first1=Eric John |last1=Heikkila |first2=Rafael |last2=Pizarro |title=Southern California and the World |url= {{google books |plainurl=y|id=upaN7waaW7AC|page=18}} |access-date=June 25, 2013 |date=January 1, 2002 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-275-97112-0 |page=18}}{{break}}{{cite book |first=James |last=Flanigan |title=Smile Southern California, You're the Center of the Universe: The Economy and People of a Global Region |url= {{google books |plainurl=y|id=T-_FMngVdI4C|page=25}} |access-date=June 25, 2013 |date=2009 |publisher=Stanford University Press |isbn=978-0-8047-5625-9 |page=25}}</ref> [[Stanford University]] and its Dean of Engineering [[Frederick Terman]] began encouraging faculty and graduates to stay in California instead of leaving the state, and develop a high-tech region in the area now known as [[Silicon Valley]].<ref name="Markoff">{{Cite news |last=Markoff |first=John |date=April 17, 2009 |title=Searching for Silicon Valley |work=The New York Times |url=http://travel.nytimes.com/2009/04/17/travel/escapes/17Amer.html |access-date=February 26, 2011}}</ref> As a result of these efforts, California is regarded as a world center of the entertainment and music industries, of technology, engineering, and the aerospace industry, and as the United States center of agricultural production.{{sfn|Cohen|2003|pages=115–116}} Just before the [[Dot-com bubble|Dot Com Bust]], California had the fifth-largest economy in the world among nations.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Clark Davis |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=6QxvAAAAQBAJ|page=11}} |title=The Human Tradition in California |last2=David Igler |date=August 1, 2002 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |isbn=978-1-4616-4431-6 |page=11}}{{break}}{{cite news |last=Treanor |first=Jill |date=July 17, 2001 |title=Pink slip season in Silicon Valley |url= https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2001/jul/17/internetnews.business |newspaper=The Guardian |location=United Kingdom |access-date=April 22, 2015 |quote=This micro-economy—the world's fifth largest economy in its own right—started to feel the pain of the new technology meltdown first.}}</ref> In the mid and late twentieth century, a number of race-related incidents occurred in the state. Tensions between police and African Americans, combined with unemployment and poverty in inner cities, led to violent riots, such as the 1965 [[Watts riots]] and 1992 [[1992 Los Angeles riots|Rodney King riots.]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 12, 2017 |title=Watts Rebellion (Los Angeles) |url=https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/watts-rebellion-los-angeles |access-date=February 7, 2021 |website=The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute |publisher=Stanford University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Sastry |first1=Anjuli |last2=Grisby Bates |first2=Karen |title=When LA Erupted In Anger: A Look Back At The Rodney King Riots |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/04/26/524744989/when-la-erupted-in-anger-a-look-back-at-the-rodney-king-riots |access-date=February 7, 2021 |website=NPR|date=April 26, 2017 }}</ref> California was also the hub of the [[Black Panther Party]], a group known for arming African Americans to defend against racial injustice <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2019 |title=The Black Panther Party: Challenging Police and Promoting Social Change |url=https://nmaahc.si.edu/blog-post/black-panther-party-challenging-police-and-promoting-social-change |access-date=February 7, 2021 |website=National Museum of African American History and Culture}}</ref> and for organizing free breakfast programs for schoolchildren.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/news/free-school-breakfast-black-panther-party|title=How the Black Panthers' Breakfast Program Both Inspired and Threatened the Government|first=Erin|last=Blakemore|website=HISTORY|date=January 29, 2021 }}</ref> Additionally, Mexican, Filipino, and other migrant farm workers rallied in the state around [[Cesar Chavez]] for better pay in the 1960s and 1970s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pao |first=Maureen |title=Cesar Chavez: The Life Behind A Legacy Of Farm Labor Rights |url=https://www.npr.org/2016/08/02/488428577/cesar-chavez-the-life-behind-a-legacy-of-farm-labor-rights |access-date=February 7, 2021 |website=NPR|date=August 12, 2016 }}</ref> [[File:Cesar Chavez and Brown Berets at peace rally.jpg|thumb|left|Civil rights activist [[Cesar Chavez]], flanked by [[Brown Berets]], at a 1971 rally during the [[Chicano movement]]]] During the 20th century, two great disasters happened in California. The [[1906 San Francisco earthquake]] and 1928 [[St. Francis Dam]] flood remain the deadliest in U.S. history.<ref name="IIIMcNeill2004">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dmky95hwKr0C&pg=PA540 |title=Encyclopedia of World Environmental History, Volume 3: O–Z |date=2004 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-93735-1 |editor-last=Krech |editor-first=Shepard III |pages=540– |access-date=November 23, 2012 |editor-last2=Merchant |editor-first2=Carolyn |editor-last3=McNeill |editor-first3=John Robert}}</ref> Although air pollution problems have been reduced, health problems associated with pollution have continued. The brown haze known as "[[smog]]" has been substantially abated after the passage of federal and state restrictions on automobile exhaust.<ref>William Deverell, and Greg Hise, eds. ''Land of Sunshine: An Environmental History of Metropolitan Los Angeles'' (2005).</ref><ref>James E. Krier, and Edmund Ursin, ''Pollution and Policy: A Case Essay on California and Federal Experience with Motor Vehicle Air Pollution, 1940–1975'' (1978)</ref> An [[2000–01 California electricity crisis|energy crisis in 2001]] led to [[rolling blackout]]s, soaring power rates, and the importation of electricity from neighboring states. [[Southern California Edison]] and [[Pacific Gas and Electric Company]] came under heavy criticism.<ref>Severin Borenstein, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2696582 "The Trouble With Electricity Markets: Understanding California's Restructuring Disaster"], ''Journal of Economic Perspectives'', Winter 2002, Vol. 16 Issue 1, pp. 191–211 (in JSTOR)</ref> Housing prices in urban areas continued to increase; a modest home which in the 1960s cost $25,000 would cost half a million dollars or more in urban areas by 2005. More people commuted longer hours to afford a home in more rural areas while earning larger salaries in the urban areas. Speculators bought houses they never intended to live in, expecting to make a huge profit in a matter of months, then rolling it over by buying more properties. [[Mortgage]] companies were compliant, as everyone assumed the prices would keep rising. The [[subprime mortgage crisis|bubble burst]] in 2007–8 as housing prices began to crash and the boom years ended. Hundreds of billions in property values vanished and foreclosures soared as many financial institutions and investors were badly hurt.<ref>Robert M. Hardaway, ''The Great American Housing Bubble: The Road to Collapse'' (2011) p. 22</ref><ref>Stephen D. Cummings and Patrick B. Reddy, ''California after Arnold'' (2009) p. 102</ref> [[File:Steve Jobs presents iPhone (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|The 2007 launch of the [[IPhone (1st generation)|iPhone]] by [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] founder [[Steve Jobs]] in [[Silicon Valley]], the largest [[Technopole|tech hub]] in the world]] In the twenty-first century, droughts and frequent wildfires attributed to climate change have occurred in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wilson |first=Scott |date=December 5, 2019 |title=Fires, floods and free parking: California's unending fight against climate change |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/national/climate-environment/climate-change-california/ |access-date=February 8, 2021 |newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Flavelle |first=Christopher |date=September 20, 2020 |title=How California Became Ground Zero for Climate Disasters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/20/climate/california-climate-change-fires.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920201702/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/20/climate/california-climate-change-fires.html |archive-date=September 20, 2020 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=February 8, 2021 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> From 2011 to 2017, a [[2011–2017 California drought|persistent drought]] was the worst in its recorded history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=California Facing Worst Drought on Record {{!}} NOAA Climate.gov |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/event-tracker/california-facing-worst-drought-record |access-date=February 8, 2021 |website=www.climate.gov}}</ref> The 2018 wildfire season was the state's deadliest and most destructive, most notably [[Camp Fire (2018)|Camp Fire]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=2018 California Wildfires |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/preparedness/events/wildfires/2018-ca-wildfires.html |access-date=February 8, 2021 |website=The United States Census Bureau}}</ref> One of the first confirmed [[COVID-19]] cases in the United States that occurred in California was first of which was confirmed on January 26, 2020.<ref name="Wheeler2">{{cite news|last=Wheeler|first=Ian|date=February 4, 2020|title=Orange County coronavirus patient released, in good condition, health officials say|work=Orange County Register|url=https://www.ocregister.com/2020/02/04/risk-of-catching-coronavirus-in-so-cal-is-low-health-officials-say/|url-status=live|access-date=February 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205195530/https://www.ocregister.com/2020/02/04/risk-of-catching-coronavirus-in-so-cal-is-low-health-officials-say/|archive-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref><ref name="uk.reuters.com2">{{cite web|date=February 2, 2020|title=Ninth case of fast-moving coronavirus confirmed in U.S.|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-health-usa-california-idUKKBN1ZX01P|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203011127/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-health-usa-california-idUKKBN1ZX01P|archive-date=February 3, 2020|access-date=February 3, 2020|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Meaning, all of the early confirmed cases were persons who had recently travelled to China in Asia, as testing was restricted to this group. On this January 29, 2020, as disease containment protocols were still being developed, the U.S. [[US Department of State|Department of State]] evacuated 195 persons from Wuhan, China aboard a chartered flight to [[March Air Reserve Base]] in [[Riverside County, California|Riverside County]], and in this process, it may have granted and conferred to escalated within the land and the US at cosmic.<ref name="reuters-evac-cv2">{{cite web|last1=Beech|first1=Eric|last2=Gorman|first2=Steve|date=February 6, 2020|title=Two more U.S. evacuation planes leave coronavirus epicenter Wuhan|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa/two-planes-left-wuhan-china-en-route-to-us-state-department-idUSKBN20105M|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216045906/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa/two-planes-left-wuhan-china-en-route-to-us-state-department-idUSKBN20105M|archive-date=February 16, 2020|access-date=February 15, 2020|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Diamond|first=Dan|title=U.S. handling of American evacuees from Wuhan increased coronavirus risks, watchdog finds|language=en-US|newspaper=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/01/28/wuhan-americans-evacuation/|access-date=February 25, 2021|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> On February 5, 2020, the U.S. evacuated 345 more citizens from Hubei Province to two military bases in California, [[Travis Air Force Base]] in [[Solano County, California|Solano County]] and [[Marine Corps Air Station Miramar]], [[San Diego]], where they were quarantined for 14 days.<ref name="reuters-evac-cv2" /><ref>{{cite news|date=February 5, 2020|title=Hundreds of Americans Were Evacuated From the Coronavirus Epicenter. Now Comes the Wait.|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/coronavirus-flights-wuhan.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206130218/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/coronavirus-flights-wuhan.html|archive-date=February 6, 2020}}</ref> A [[State of emergency#United States|state of emergency]] was largely declared in this state of the nation on March 4, 2020, and remained in effect until Governor [[Gavin Newsom]] ended it on February 28, 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=March 21, 2023|title=California Ends COVID-19 State of Emergency|work=State Center Community College District|url=https://www.scccd.edu/news/2023/california-ends-covid-19-state-of-emergency.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A mandatory statewide [[stay-at-home order]] was issued on March 19, 2020, due to increase, which was ended on January 25, 2021, allowing citizens to return to normal life.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 26, 2021|title=California Governor Gavin Newsom lifts virus stay-at-home orders|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/california-covid-stay-at-home-order-lifted/|url-status=live|access-date=February 24, 2021|website=CBS News|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126123803/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/california-covid-stay-at-home-order-lifted/ |archive-date=January 26, 2021 }}</ref> On April 6, 2021, the state announced plans to fully reopen the economy by June 15, 2021.<ref name="REOPENING">{{cite news |last1=Money |first1=Luke |last2=Luna |first2=Taryn |title=California aims to fully reopen its economy June 15 |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-04-06/california-aims-to-fully-reopen-the-economy-june-15 |access-date=April 6, 2021}}</ref> Cultural and [[language revitalization]] efforts among indigenous Californians have progressed among several tribes as of 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 28, 2022 |title=What Does It Take To Reawaken a Native Language? |url=https://www.kcet.org/news-community/what-does-it-take-to-reawaken-a-native-language |access-date=January 2, 2023 |website=KCET |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Whitebear |first=Luhui |title=Unsettled Records and the Restoration of Cultural Memories in Indigenous California |chapter=Drifting across Lines in the Sand: Unsettled Records and the Restoration of Cultural Memories in Indigenous California |chapter-url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781351174282-5/drifting-across-lines-sand-luhui-whitebear |publisher=The Routledge Companion to Gender and the American West |doi=10.4324/9781351174282-5 |isbn=978-1-351-17428-2 |access-date=January 7, 2023}}</ref> Some [[Land Back|land returns]] to indigenous stewardship have occurred throughout California.<ref>{{Cite web |last=agencies |first=Dani Anguiano and |date=January 25, 2022 |title=Native American tribes reclaim California redwood land for preservation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/jan/25/native-american-tribes-california-redwood-preservation |access-date=January 4, 2023 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 22, 2022 |title=Native American land return movement makes gains, faces obstacles |url=https://andthewest.stanford.edu/2022/native-american-land-return-movement-makes-gains-faces-obstacles/ |access-date=January 7, 2023 |website=& the West |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahtone |first=Tristan |date=April 5, 2022 |title=California offers $100 million for tribes to buy back their land. It won't go far. |url=https://grist.org/indigenous/california-offers-100-million-for-tribes-to-buy-back-their-land-it-wont-go-far/ |access-date=January 4, 2023 |website=Grist |language=en-us}}</ref> In 2022, the largest [[dam removal]] and river restoration project in US history was announced for the [[Klamath River]] as a win for California tribes.<ref>{{Citation |title=California Tribes Hail Dam Removal Plan After 20-Year Fight |date=December 16, 2022 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/california-tribes-hail-dam-removal-plan-after-20-year-fight/6877208.html |language=en |access-date=January 7, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2022 |title=Largest River Restoration Project in American History Set to Begin |url=https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/12/08/75829/ |access-date=January 7, 2023 |website=California Governor |language=en}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page