World Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! === Philosophy of mind === In [[philosophy of mind]], the term "world" is commonly used in contrast to the term "mind" as that which is represented by the mind. This is sometimes expressed by stating that there is a gap between mind and world and that this gap needs to be overcome for representation to be successful.<ref name="Price">{{cite journal |last1=Price |first1=Huw |last2=McDowell |first2=John |title=Mind and World |journal=Philosophical Books |date=1994 |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=169β181 |doi=10.1111/1468-0149.00066 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/HUWMAW}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Avramides |first1=Anita |title=Philosophy of Mind: Overview |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/philosophy-mind-overview |website=www.encyclopedia.com |access-date=10 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Witmer |first1=D. Gene |title=Philosophy Of Mind |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/biographies/spanish-and-portuguese-history-biographies/philosophy-mind |website=www.encyclopedia.com |access-date=10 April 2021}}</ref> One problem in philosophy of mind is to explain how the mind is able to bridge this gap and to enter into genuine mind-world-relations, for example, in the form of perception, knowledge or action.<ref>{{cite web |title=Philosophy of mind |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/philosophy-of-mind |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=10 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sosa |first1=Ernest |title=Mind-World Relations |journal=Episteme |date=2015 |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=155β166 |doi=10.1017/epi.2015.8 |s2cid=147785165 |url=https://philpapers.org/go.pl?id=SOSMR&proxyId=&u=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1017%2Fepi.2015.8 |language=en |issn=1742-3600}}</ref> This is necessary for the world to be able to rationally constrain the activity of the mind.<ref name="Price"/><ref name="Brandom">{{cite journal |last1=Brandom |first1=Robert B. |title=Perception and Rational Constraint: McDowell's Mind and World |journal=Philosophical Issues |date=1996 |volume=7 |pages=241β259 |doi=10.2307/1522910 |jstor=1522910 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BRAPAR}}</ref> According to a realist position, the world is something distinct and independent from the mind.<ref name="Miller">{{cite web |last1=Miller |first1=Alexander |title=Realism |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/realism/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |date=2019}}</ref> Idealists conceive of the world as partially or fully determined by the mind.<ref name="Miller"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Guyer |first1=Paul |last2=Horstmann |first2=Rolf-Peter |title=Idealism |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/idealism/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=10 April 2021 |date=2021}}</ref> [[Immanuel Kant]]'s [[transcendental idealism]], for example, posits that the spatiotemporal structure of the world is imposed by the mind on reality but lacks independent existence otherwise.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stang |first1=Nicholas F. |title=Kant's Transcendental Idealism |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-transcendental-idealism/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=10 April 2021 |date=2021}}</ref> A more radical idealist conception of the world can be found in Berkeley's [[subjective idealism]], which holds that the world as a whole, including all everyday objects like tables, cats, trees and ourselves, "consists of nothing but minds and ideas".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Flage |first1=Daniel E. |title=Berkeley, George |url=https://iep.utm.edu/berkeley/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=10 April 2021}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page