November 2015 Paris attacks

=== Analysis of tactics ===
[[Michael Leiter]], former director of the United States [[National Counterterrorism Center]], said the attacks demonstrated a sophistication not seen in a city attack since the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]] and that it would change how the West regarded the threat.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Engel|first1=Richard|last2=Schuppe|first2=Jon|title=Responsibility For Paris Terror Attacks Remains Unclear|date=14 November 2015 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/paris-terror-attacks/responsibility-paris-terror-attacks-remains-unclear-n463321|publisher=NBC News|access-date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114021455/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/paris-terror-attacks/responsibility-paris-terror-attacks-remains-unclear-n463321|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Further comparisons were made between the Paris and Mumbai attacks.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Riedel|first1=Bruce|title=Modeled on Mumbai? Why the 2008 India attack is the best way to understand Paris|date=14 November 2015 |url=http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2015/11/14-paris-attacks-mumbai-isis-terrorism-riedel|publisher=Brookings|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116150236/http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2015/11/14-paris-attacks-mumbai-isis-terrorism-riedel|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Mehta|first1=Nalin|title=What we can learn from Paris|url=http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/academic-interest/what-we-can-learn-from-paris/|access-date=15 November 2015|work=The Times of India|date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116155859/http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/academic-interest/what-we-can-learn-from-paris/|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hafeez|first1=Mateen|title=Why the 26/11 Mumbai strike and Paris attacks are similar|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Why-the-26/11-Mumbai-strike-and-Paris-attacks-are-similar/articleshow/49787443.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=16 November 2015|date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917163024/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Why-the-26/11-Mumbai-strike-and-Paris-attacks-are-similar/articleshow/49787443.cms|archive-date=17 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Mumbai Police]] Joint Commissioner (Law and Order) Deven Bharti pointed out the similarities as having several targets, shooting indiscriminately, and the use of [[improvised explosive device]]s.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gupta|first1=Saurabh|title=In Paris, Investigators See a Rerun of Mumbai Tragedy|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/in-paris-investigators-see-a-rerun-of-mumbai-tragedy-1243462|publisher=NDTV|access-date=16 November 2015|date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115111526/http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/in-paris-investigators-see-a-rerun-of-mumbai-tragedy-1243462|archive-date=15 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Sen|first1=Shawan|title=There is similarity between Mumbai 26/11 and Paris attacks: Mumbai Police|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/india/there-is-similarity-between-mumbai-2611-and-paris-1411-mumbai-police-1164424.html|publisher=CNN-IBN|access-date=16 November 2015|date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116011616/http://www.ibnlive.com/news/india/there-is-similarity-between-mumbai-2611-and-paris-1411-mumbai-police-1164424.html|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> According to Bharti, one key difference was that the Mumbai attacks lasted several days, and the Paris attackers killed themselves as soon as capture seemed imminent.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Tabassum Barnagarwala|author2=Rashmi Rajput|title=Paris: In multiple attacks, targets, the timing, Mumbai victims, investigators see 26/11|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/paris-in-multiple-attacks-targets-the-timing-mumbai-victims-investigators-see-2611/|work=The Indian Express|access-date=16 November 2015|date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116120628/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/paris-in-multiple-attacks-targets-the-timing-mumbai-victims-investigators-see-2611/|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Evidence points to the attackers having regularly used [[Plaintext|unencrypted]] communications during the planning of the attack.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theintercept.com/2015/11/18/signs-point-to-unencrypted-communications-between-terror-suspects/|title=Signs Point to Unencrypted Communications Between Terror Suspects|work=The Intercept|date=18 November 2015|access-date=18 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118210147/https://theintercept.com/2015/11/18/signs-point-to-unencrypted-communications-between-terror-suspects/|archive-date=18 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>