Mayo Clinic

=== Group practice ===
The growing specialization of medicine and the expanding use of railroads, automobiles, and mass communications provided context for the development of integrated multi-specialty practice.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>{{rp|481–485, 497}}<ref name="Burns"/>{{rp|134}}<ref name="Fye">{{cite book |last=Fye |first=W. Bruce |year=2015 |title=Caring for the Heart: Mayo Clinic and the Rise of Specialization |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref>{{rp|28–30}}

Starting in the 1890s, the Mayo brothers welcomed other physicians to join them. W. W. Mayo's solo practice had evolved into a family practice with his sons' participation which then became a group practice with other medical colleagues.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>{{rp|359}} Mayo Clinic's first partners were physicians  [[Augustus Stinchfield|Augustus W. Stinchfield]],<ref name="Lennon11">{{cite news |title=A medical institution of honourable beginnings |last=Lennon |first=Troy |work=[[The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)]] |url=https://www.nexis.com/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=536B-5931-JD3N-51MJ&csi=8422&oc=00240&perma=true |date=June 29, 2011 |access-date=July 26, 2019}}</ref> Christopher Graham,<ref name="Nelson-Graham">{{cite journal |last1=Nelson |first1=Clark W. |title=Historical Profiles of Mayo |journal=[[Mayo Clinic Proceedings]] |date=June 1993 |volume=68 |issue=6 |pages=522 |doi=10.1016/S0025-6196(12)60366-8}}</ref> Melvin C. Millet,<ref name="Nelson-Millet">{{cite journal |last1=Nelson |first1=Clark W. |title=Historical Profiles of Mayo |journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings |date=July 1993 |volume=68 |issue=7 |pages=626 |doi=10.1016/S0025-6196(12)60596-5}}</ref> [[Henry Stanley Plummer|Henry Plummer]],<ref name="Nelson-Plummer">{{cite journal |last1=Nelson |first1=Clark W. |title=Historical Profiles of Mayo |journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings |date=August 1993 |volume=68 |issue=8 |pages=730 |doi=10.1016/S0025-6196(12)60627-2}}</ref> E. Star Judd,<ref name="Nelson-Judd">{{cite journal |last1=Nelson |first1=Clark W. |title=Historical Profiles of Mayo |journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings |date=September 1993 |volume=68 |issue=9 |pages=834 |doi=10.1016/S0025-6196(12)60689-2|pmid=8371600 }}</ref> and Donald Balfour.<ref name="GastroJournal-Balfour">{{cite journal |title=In Memoriam |journal=Gastroenterology |date=June 1993 |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=207 |doi=10.1016/S0016-5085(64)80060-3|doi-access=free }}</ref>

Preeminent among the early physicians who joined the practice was [[Henry Stanley Plummer]], M.D. A specialist in thyroid disease, he made contributions to the treatment of goiter.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>{{rp|632, 634–636}} In terms of organizational development, he collaborated with the Mayo brothers in coordinating the introduction of specialties that expanded the scope of the Mayo practice beyond its origins in surgery.<ref name="Fye"/>{{rp|19}} A polymath whose interests included architecture, engineering, and art, Plummer also created many of the systems and procedures that remain central to Mayo Clinic today, such as the integrated "dossier" medical record.<ref name="Fye"/>{{rp|37}}