John McCain

=== U.S. Representative ===

[[US House and Senate career of John McCain (until 2000)#U.S. Congressman|McCain set his sights on becoming a representative]] because he was interested in current events, was ready for a new challenge, and had developed political ambitions during his time as Senate liaison.<ref name="az-arizona" /><ref>Gilbertson, Dawn. [https://www.azcentral.com/news/election/mccain/articles/2007/01/23/20070123biz-hensley.html "McCain, his wealth tied to wife's family beer business"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415031112/http://www.azcentral.com/news/election/mccain/articles/2007/01/23/20070123biz-hensley.html |date=April 15, 2016 }}, ''[[The Arizona Republic]]'' (January 23, 2007). Retrieved May 10, 2008.</ref><ref>Timberg, ''American Odyssey'', p. 139</ref> Living in Phoenix, he went to work for Hensley & Co., his new father-in-law Jim Hensley's large [[Anheuser-Busch]] beer distributorship.<ref name="az-arizona" /> As vice president of public relations at the distributorship, he gained political support among the local business community, meeting powerful figures such as banker [[Charles Keating Jr.]], real estate developer [[Fife Symington III]] (later Governor of Arizona) and newspaper publisher [[Darrow "Duke" Tully]].<ref name=Frantz /> In 1982, McCain ran as a Republican for an open seat in [[Arizona's 1st congressional district]], which was being vacated by 30-year incumbent Republican [[John Jacob Rhodes]].<ref>Thornton, Mary. [https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/127774772.html?dids=127774772:127774772&FMT=ABS&FM "Arizona 1st District John McCain"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808221159/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/127774772.html?dids=127774772:127774772&FMT=ABS&FM |date=August 8, 2013 }}, ''[[The Washington Post]]'' (December 16, 1982). Retrieved May 10, 2008.</ref> A newcomer to the state, McCain was hit with charges of being a [[carpetbagger]].<ref name="az-arizona" /> McCain responded to a voter making that charge with what a ''[[Phoenix Gazette]]'' columnist later described as "the most devastating response to a potentially troublesome political issue I've ever heard":<ref name="az-arizona" />

{{blockquote|Listen, pal. I spent 22&nbsp;years in the Navy. My father was in the Navy. My grandfather was in the Navy. We in the military service tend to move a lot. We have to live in all parts of the country, all parts of the world. I wish I could have had the luxury, like you, of growing up and living and spending my entire life in a nice place like the First District of Arizona, but I was doing other things. As a matter of fact, when I think about it now, the place I lived longest in my life was Hanoi.<ref name="az-arizona" /><ref>Timberg, ''American Odyssey'', pp. 143–44.</ref>}}

McCain won a highly contested primary election with the assistance of local political endorsements, his [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] connections, and money that his wife lent to his campaign.<ref name="az-arizona" /><ref name=Frantz /> He then easily won the general election in the heavily Republican district.<ref name="az-arizona" />

[[File:John McCain 1983.jpg|thumb|McCain in 1983, during his first term in the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]]]

In 1983, McCain was elected to lead the incoming group of Republican representatives,<ref name="az-arizona" /> and was assigned to the [[United States House Committee on Natural Resources|House Committee on Interior Affairs]]. Also that year, he opposed creation of a federal [[Martin Luther King Jr. Day]], but admitted in 2008: "I was wrong and eventually realized that, in time to give full support [in 1990] for a state holiday in Arizona."<ref>[https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2008/04/03/mccain-clinton-head-to-memphis-for-mlk-anniversary/ "McCain, Clinton Head to Memphis for MLK Anniversary"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709070137/https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2008/04/03/mccain-clinton-head-to-memphis-for-mlk-anniversary/ |date=July 9, 2018 }}, Washington Wire (blog), ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' (April 3, 2008). Retrieved April 17, 2008.</ref><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/04/AR2008040401741.html "McCain Remarks on Dr. King and Civil Rights"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130205210756/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/04/AR2008040401741.html |date=February 5, 2013 }}, ''[[The Washington Post]]'' (April 4, 2008): "We can be slow as well to give greatness its due, a mistake I made myself long ago when I voted against a federal holiday in memory of Dr. King. I was wrong and eventually realized that, in time to give full support for a state holiday in Arizona." Retrieved May 10, 2008.</ref>

At this point, McCain's politics were mainly in line with those of President [[Ronald Reagan]]; this included support for [[Reaganomics]], and he was active on Indian Affairs bills.<ref name="alex-99">Alexander, ''Man of the People'', pp. 98–99, 104</ref> He supported most aspects of the [[foreign policy of the Reagan administration]], including its [[Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration#Cold War|hardline stance against the Soviet Union]] and [[Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration#Latin America|policy towards Central American conflicts]], such as backing the [[Contras]] in Nicaragua.<ref name="alex-99" /> McCain opposed keeping U.S. Marines [[Multinational Force in Lebanon|deployed in Lebanon]], citing unattainable objectives, and subsequently criticized President Reagan for pulling out the troops too late; in the interim, the [[1983 Beirut barracks bombing]] killed hundreds.<ref name="az-arizona" /><ref>Alexander, ''Man of the People'', p. 100</ref> McCain won re-election to the House easily in 1984,<ref name="az-arizona" /> and gained a spot on the [[United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs|House Foreign Affairs Committee]].<ref>Alexander, ''Man of the People'', pp. 100–01</ref> In 1985, he made his first return trip to Vietnam,<ref>Tapper, Jake. [http://archive.salon.com/politics2000/feature/2000/04/27/mccain/index.html "McCain returns to the past"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071203010001/http://archive.salon.com/politics2000/feature/2000/04/27/mccain/index.html |date=December 3, 2007}}, ''[[Salon (magazine)|Salon]]'' (April 27, 2000). Retrieved November 21, 2007.</ref> and also traveled to Chile where he met with its military [[Government Junta of Chile (1973)|junta]] ruler, General [[Augusto Pinochet]].<ref>Reinhard, Beth. [http://miamiherald.typepad.com/nakedpolitics/2008/10/blog-mccain-met.html "Blog: McCain met with Pinochet"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091009203541/http://miamiherald.typepad.com/nakedpolitics/2008/10/blog-mccain-met.html|date=October 9, 2009}}, Naked Politics, ''[[Miami Herald]]'' (October 24, 2008). Retrieved November 1, 2008.</ref><ref name="dinges">{{cite news | author-link = John Dinges |last=Dinges |first= John |url=http://ciperchile.cl/2008/10/24/la-desconocida-cita-entre-john-mccain-y-pinochet/ |title= La desconocida cita entre John McCain y Pinochet | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081027061509/http://ciperchile.cl/2008/10/24/la-desconocida-cita-entre-john-mccain-y-pinochet/ |date=October 24, 2008 |publisher=Centro de Investigación e Información Periodística|archive-date=October 27, 2008 |access-date=October 27, 2008 | language =es }}</ref><ref name="lostiempos">{{cite news |language=es | url = http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/internacional/20081025/revelan-inedita-cita-entre-mccain-y-pinochet-en_23183_30574.html |title= Revelan inédita cita entre McCain y Pinochet en 1985 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530220733/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/internacional/20081025/revelan-inedita-cita-entre-mccain-y-pinochet-en_23183_30574.html |access-date=May 30, 2013 | work =[[Los Tiempos]] | date=October 25, 2008 | archive-date= May 30, 2013}}</ref>
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