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Do not fill this in! ==Prevalence and statistics== Incest between an adult and a person under the [[age of consent]] is considered a form of [[child sexual abuse]]<ref>{{Cite book |title=Child Sexual Abuse: Intervention and Treatment Issues |first=Kathleen C. |last=Faller |publisher=DIANE Publishing |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-7881-1669-8 |page=64 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D-SEwHNu_NcC&pg=PA64}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Child Sexual Abuse: A Handbook for Health Care and Legal Professionals |first1=Diane H. |last1=Schetky |first2=Arthur H. |last2=Green |publisher=Psychology Press |year=1988 |isbn=978-0-87630-495-2 |page=128 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QYyzGgZbllYC&pg=PA128}}</ref> that has been shown to be one of the most extreme forms of childhood abuse; it often results in serious and long-term [[psychological trauma]], especially in the case of parental incest.<ref name= Courtois>{{cite book |title=Healing the Incest Wound: Adult Survivors in Therapy |last=Courtois |first=Christine A. |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |page=208 |year=1988 |isbn=978-0-393-31356-7}}</ref> Its prevalence is difficult to generalize, but research has estimated 10β15% of the general population as having had at least one such sexual contact, with less than 2% involving intercourse or attempted intercourse.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nemeroff |first1=Charles B. |author-link=Charles Nemeroff |last2=Craighead |first2=W. Edward |title=The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science |publisher=Wiley |location=New York |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-471-24096-9}}</ref> Among women, research has yielded estimates as high as 20%.<ref name= Courtois/> [[Father]]{{ndash}}[[daughter]] incest was for many years the most commonly reported and studied form of incest.<ref>''[[Aeneid]]'' by [[Virgil]], Book VI: "''hic thalamum invasit natae vetitosque hymenaeos;''" = "this [man being punished in [[Hades]]<nowiki>]</nowiki> invaded a daughter's private room and a forbidden marital relationship."</ref><ref name=Herman>{{cite book |last=Herman |first=Judith |author-link=Judith Lewis Herman |title=Father-Daughter Incest |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=1981 |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |page=[https://archive.org/details/fatherdaughterin00herm_0/page/282 282] |isbn=978-0-674-29506-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/fatherdaughterin00herm_0/page/282 }}</ref> More recently, studies have suggested that [[sibling incest]], particularly older brothers having sexual relations with younger siblings, is the most common form of incest,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Goldman |first1=R. |last2=Goldman |first2=J. |year=1988 |title=The prevalence and nature of child sexual abuse in Australia |journal=Australian Journal of Sex, Marriage and Family |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=94β106|doi=10.1080/01591487.1988.11004405 }}</ref><ref>Wiehe, Vernon (1997). ''Sibling Abuse: Hidden Physical, Emotional, and Sexual Trauma''. Sage Publications, {{ISBN|0-7619-1009-3}}</ref><ref>Rayment-McHugh, Sue; Ian Nesbit (2003). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070902110255/http://www.aic.gov.au/conferences/2003-abuse/nisbet.pdf Sibling Incest Offenders As A Subset of Adolescent Sex Offenders]." Paper presented at the Child Sexual Abuse: Justice Response or Alternative Resolution Conference convened by the Australian Institute of Criminology and held in Adelaide, 1β2 May 2003</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Canavan |first1=M. C. |last2=Meyer |first2=W. J. |last3=Higgs |first3=D. C. |year=1992 |title=The female experience of sibling incest |doi=10.1111/j.1752-0606.1992.tb00924.x |journal=Journal of Marital and Family Therapy |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=129β142 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=H. |last2=Israel |first2=E. |year=1987 |title=Sibling incest: A study of the dynamics of 25 cases |journal=Child Abuse and Neglect |volume=11 |pages=101β108 |doi=10.1016/0145-2134(87)90038-X |pmid=3828862 |issue=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Cole |first=E |year=1982 |title=Sibling incest: The myth of benign sibling incest |journal=Women & Therapy |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=79β89 |doi=10.1300/J015V01N03_10}}</ref><ref>Cawson, P., Wattam, C., Brooker, S., & Kelly, G. (2000). [http://www.nspcc.org.uk/inform/research/findings/childmaltreatmentintheunitedkingdom_wda48252.html Child maltreatment in the United Kingdom: A study of the prevalence of child abuse and neglect] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111103111326/http://www.nspcc.org.uk/Inform/research/findings/childmaltreatmentintheunitedkingdom_wda48252.html |date=3 November 2011 }}. London: National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. {{ISBN|1-84228-006-6}}</ref><ref>Sibling incest is roughly five times as common as other forms of incest according to Gebhard, P., Gagnon, J., Pomeroy, W., & Christenson, C. (1965). ''Sex Offenders: An Analysis of Types''. New York: Harper & Row.</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Sexually Victimized Children |first=David |last=Finkelhor |author-link=David Finkelhor |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=1981 |isbn=978-0-02-910400-2}}</ref> with some studies finding sibling incest occurring more frequently than other forms of incest.<ref>A large-scale study of (n = 3,000) by the UK's National Council for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children found that fathers committed about 1% of child sex abuse, while siblings committed 14%. See [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/1026797.stm BBC News Online: Health, Child Abuse Myths Shattered, November, 20, 2000]</ref> Some studies suggest that adolescent perpetrators of sibling abuse choose younger victims, abuse victims over a lengthier period, use violence more frequently and severely than adult perpetrators, and that sibling abuse has a higher rate of penetrative acts than father or stepfather incest, with father and older brother incest resulting in greater reported distress than stepfather incest.<ref>O'Brien, M. J. (1991). "Taking sibling incest seriously." In M. Patton (ed.), ''Family Sexual Abuse: Frontline Research and Evaluation'', pp. 75β92. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Laviola |first=M. |year=1992 |title=Effects of older brother-younger sister incest: A study of the dynamics of 17 cases |journal=Child Abuse and Neglect |volume=16 |pages=409β421 |doi=10.1016/0145-2134(92)90050-2 |pmid=1617475 |issue=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cyr |first1=M.| last2=Wright |first2=J. |last3=McDuff |first3= P. |last4=Perron |first4=A. |year=2002 |title=Intrafamilial sexual abuse: Brother-sister incest does not differ from father-daughter and stepfather-stepdaughter incest |journal=Child Abuse and Neglect |volume=26 |pages=957β973 |doi=10.1016/S0145-2134(02)00365-4 |pmid=12433139 |issue=9}}</ref> South Africa,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBosAQAAMAAJ&q=%22highest+rate+of+incest%22 | title=Journal of Psychology in Africa (South of the Sahara, the Caribbean, and Afro-Latin America) | year=2003 }}</ref> Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Pakistan, and Nigeria are some of the countries with the most incest through consanguineous marriage.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bittles |first1=A. H. |last2=Black |first2=M. L. |title=Consanguinity, human evolution, and complex diseases |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=26 January 2010 |volume=107 |issue=suppl 1 |pages=1779β1786 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0906079106 |pmid=19805052 |pmc=2868287 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page