Frankincense

== Health benefits ==
The use of Boswellia resin for spiritual and medicinal purposes dates back to ancient civilizations. Numerous compounds of different chemical categories are identified in the resin; the pharmacological actions of Boswellia resin are attributed to the complementary effects exerted by these compounds. Some clinical studies have weakly demonstrated the effectiveness of frankincense resin in some disease conditions like asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, osteoarthritis and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, however more studies are necessary.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ernst E | title = Frankincense: systematic review | journal = BMJ | volume = 337 | issue = dec17 2 | pages = a2813 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19091760 | pmc = 2605614 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.a2813 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stürner KH, Stellmann JP, Dörr J, Paul F, Friede T, Schammler S, Reinhardt S, Gellissen S, Weissflog G, Faizy TD, Werz O, Fleischer S, Vaas LA, Herrmann F, Pless O, Martin R, Heesen C | display-authors = 6 | title = A standardised frankincense extract reduces disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (the SABA phase IIa trial) | journal = Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry | volume = 89 | issue = 4 | pages = 330–338 | date = April 2018 | pmid = 29248894 | doi = 10.1136/jnnp-2017-317101 | s2cid = 3647860 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The essential oil obtained from the oleogum resin of Boswellia serrata showed antimicrobial activities.<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = Ayub MA, Hanif MA, Sarfraz RA, Shahid M |date=2018-01-01|title=Biological activity of Boswellia serrata Roxb. oleo gum resin essential oil: effects of extraction by supercritical carbon dioxide and traditional methods |journal=International Journal of Food Properties|language=en|volume=21|issue=1|pages=808–820|doi=10.1080/10942912.2018.1439957|s2cid=102917835|issn=1094-2912|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sadhasivam S, Palanivel S, Ghosh S | title = Synergistic antimicrobial activity of Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr. (Burseraceae) essential oil with various azoles against pathogens associated with skin, scalp and nail infections | journal = Letters in Applied Microbiology | volume = 63 | issue = 6 | pages = 495–501 | date = December 2016 | pmid = 27730658 | doi = 10.1111/lam.12683 | s2cid = 3375723 }}</ref> A 2022 study<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Almutairi |first1=Megren Bin Faisal |last2=Alrouji |first2=Mohammed |last3=Almuhanna |first3=Yasir |last4=Asad |first4=Mohammed |last5=Joseph |first5=Babu |title=In-Vitro and In-Vivo Antibacterial Effects of Frankincense Oil and Its Interaction with Some Antibiotics against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens |journal=Antibiotics |date=10 November 2022 |volume=11 |issue=11 |pages=1591 |doi=10.3390/antibiotics11111591 |pmid=36358246 |pmc=9686721 |doi-access=free }}</ref> stated that "frankincense oil has a weak inhibitory effect against MRSA and MDR-P. aeruginosa"; and in vivo studies on animals revealed that frankincense oleogum resin exhibits neuroprotective activity.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ameen AM, Elkazaz AY, Mohammad HM, Barakat BM | title = Anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity of boswellic acids in rotenone parkinsonian rats | journal = Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology | volume = 95 | issue = 7 | pages = 819–829 | date = July 2017 | pmid = 28249117 | doi = 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0158 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rajabian A, Sadeghnia H, Fanoudi S, Hosseini A | title = Genus ''Boswellia'' as a new candidate for neurodegenerative disorders | journal = Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | pages = 277–286 | date = March 2020 | pmid = 32440312 | pmc = 7229515 | doi = 10.22038/ijbms.2020.35288.8419 }}</ref>