Faith healing

==== Evangelicalism ====
[[File:Laying on of hands, Dr. Ebenezer Markwei.jpg|280px|thumb|right|Laying on of hands for healing in Living Streams International Church, [[Accra]], Ghana, 2018]]
In some Pentecostal and Charismatic [[Evangelical]] churches, a special place is thus reserved for faith healings with [[laying on of hands]] during [[Worship service (evangelicalism)|worship services]] or for campaigns evangelization.<ref>Cecil M. Robeck, Jr, Amos Yong, ''The Cambridge Companion to Pentecostalism'', Cambridge University Press, UK, 2014, p. 138</ref><ref>Béatrice Mohr et Isabelle Nussbaum,
[https://pages.rts.ch/emissions/temps-present/religion/3032510-rock-miracles-saint-esprit.html?anchor=3095947#3095947 Rock, miracles & Saint-Esprit], rts.ch, Switzerland, April 21, 2011</ref> Faith healing or divine healing is considered to be an inheritance of [[Jesus]] acquired by his death and resurrection.<ref>Randall Herbert Balmer, ''Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism: Revised and expanded edition'', Baylor University Press, US, 2004, p. 212</ref> [[Biblical inerrancy]] ensures that the [[miracle]]s and healings described in the [[Bible]] are still relevant and may be present in the life of the believer.<ref>Sébastien Fath, ''Du ghetto au réseau: Le protestantisme évangélique en France, 1800–2005'', Édition Labor et Fides, Genève, 2005, p. 28</ref>

At the beginning of the 20th century, the new [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostal]] movement drew participants from the [[Holiness movement]] and other movements in America that already believed in divine healing. By the 1930s, several faith healers drew large crowds and established worldwide followings.

The first Pentecostals in the modern sense appeared in [[Topeka, Kansas]], in a Bible school conducted by [[Charles Fox Parham]], a holiness teacher and former [[Methodist]] pastor. Pentecostalism achieved worldwide attention in 1906 through the [[Azusa Street Revival]] in [[Los Angeles]] led by [[William Joseph Seymour]].<ref>{{cite web |last= Synan |first= Vinson |title= The Origins of the Pentecostal Movement |url= http://webapps.oru.edu/new_php/library/holyspirit/pentorg1.html |publisher= Holy Spirit Research Center, Oral Roberts University |date= 14 June 2009}}</ref>

[[Smith Wigglesworth]] was also a well-known figure in the early part of the 20th century. A former English plumber turned [[evangelism|evangelist]] who lived simply and read nothing but the Bible from the time his wife taught him to read, Wigglesworth traveled around the world preaching about Jesus and performing faith healings. Wigglesworth claimed to raise several people from the dead in Jesus' name in his meetings.<ref>{{cite book |first1= Sarah |last1= Posner |first2= Joe |last2= Conason |title= God's Profits: Faith, Fraud, and the Republican Crusade for Values Voters |publisher= Polipoint Press |year= 2008 |isbn= 978-0979482212 |page= [https://archive.org/details/godsprofitsfaith0000posn/page/67 67] |url= https://archive.org/details/godsprofitsfaith0000posn/page/67 }}</ref>

During the 1920s and 1930s, [[Aimee Semple McPherson]] was a controversial faith healer of growing popularity during the [[Great Depression]]. Subsequently, [[William M. Branham]] has been credited as the initiator of the post-World War II [[healing revival]]s.<ref name="Anderson2004">{{cite book|last=Anderson|first= Allan|year=2004|title=An introduction to Pentecostalism: global charismatic Christianity|location=Cambridge [u.a.]|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0521532808|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IPbPTOi0Rk4C}}</ref>{{rp|page=58}}<ref name="Harrell1975">{{cite book|last=Harrell|first=David E.|year=1975|title=All things are possible: the healing and charismatic revivals in modern America|location=Bloomington, IN|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0253100900|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ks-Sa1mSnI8C&pg=PA25}}</ref>{{rp|page=25}} The healing revival he began led many to emulate his style and spawned a generation of faith healers. Because of this, Branham has been recognized as the "father of modern faith healers".<ref>{{cite journal
| last = Sheryl
| first = J. Greg
| title = The Legend of William Branham
| journal = The Quarterly Journal
| volume = 33
| issue = 3
| year = 2013
| issn = 1083-6853
| url = http://www.pfo.org/33-3%20SAMPLE.pdf
}}</ref> According to writer and researcher Patsy Sims, "the power of a Branham service and his stage presence remains a legend unparalleled in the history of the Charismatic movement".{{sfn|Sims|1996|p=195}} By the late 1940s, [[Oral Roberts]], who was associated with and promoted by Branham's ''[[Voice of Healing]]'' magazine also became well known, and he continued with faith healing until the 1980s.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/16/us/16roberts.html Oral Roberts, Pentecostal Evangelist, Dies at 91 – Obituary (Obit) – NYTimes.com]</ref> Roberts discounted faith healing in the late 1950s, stating, "I never was a faith healer and I was never raised that way. My parents believed very strongly in medical science and we have a doctor who takes care of our children when they get sick. I cannot heal anyone – God does that."<ref>{{cite news |last= Jones |first= Charles |title= {{thinsp}}'I've no secrets to hide', says evangelist Roberts |url= https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2206&dat=19580121&id=47wyAAAAIBAJ&pg=2072,2065389 |date= January 21, 1958 |newspaper= [[The Miami News]] |page= 5A |access-date= 2014-01-23 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A friend of Roberts was [[Kathryn Kuhlman]], another popular faith healer, who gained fame in the 1950s and had a television program on [[CBS]]. Also in this era, [[Jack Coe]]<ref>{{cite news |title= 7,000 in evangelistic tent sing when lights go out |url= https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1129&dat=19530824&id=FchRAAAAIBAJ&pg=3067,5160164 |date= August 24, 1953 |newspaper= [[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |page= 7 |access-date= 2014-01-23}}</ref><ref name= "WashPost1956">{{cite news |url= https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/doc/148828440.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=historic&date=FEB%2021,%201956&author=&pub=The%20Washington%20Post&edition=&startpage=&desc=%27Faith%20Healer%27%20Cleared%20Of%20Illegal%20Practice |title= 'Faith healer' cleared of illegal practice |newspaper= [[The Washington Post]] |date= February 21, 1956 |page= 3 |agency= [[Associated Press]] |url-access= subscription |via= [[ProQuest]] |access-date= 2007-11-12 |archive-date= 2014-02-02 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140202142141/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/doc/148828440.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=historic&date=FEB%2021,%201956&author=&pub=The%20Washington%20Post&edition=&startpage=&desc=%27Faith%20Healer%27%20Cleared%20Of%20Illegal%20Practice |url-status= dead }}</ref> and [[A. A. Allen]]<ref name="Deathalcohol">{{cite news |url= http://liposuctionsurgeonfinder.online/evangelist-death-laid-to-alcohol/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160815121610/http://liposuctionsurgeonfinder.online/evangelist-death-laid-to-alcohol/|url-status= dead|archive-date= August 15, 2016|title=Evangelist death laid to alcohol |newspaper= [[Elyria-Lorain Broadcasting Co.|Chronicle-Telegram]] |location= Elyria, OH |date= June 25, 1970 |access-date =2007-05-17}}</ref><!-- possible other refs {{sfn|Randi|1989|p=88}}, {{cite news |title= Evangelist's death due to 'alcoholism' |date= June 27, 1970 |newspaper= [[The Washington Post]] |page= B9 |url= https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/doc/147917069.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=historic&date=JUN%2027,%201970&author=&pub=The%20Washington%20Post&edition=&startpage=&desc=Evangelist%27s%20Death%20Dueto%20%27Alcoholism%27 |url-access=subscription  |via= [[ProQuest]]}} --> were faith healers who traveled with large tents for large open-air crusades.

Oral Roberts's successful use of television as a medium to gain a wider audience led others to follow suit. His former pilot, [[Kenneth Copeland]], started a healing ministry. [[Pat Robertson]], [[Benny Hinn]], and [[Peter Popoff]] became well-known [[televangelist]]s who claimed to heal the sick.{{sfn|Randi|1989|p=10}} [[Richard Rossi]] is known for advertising his healing clinics through [[secular]] television and radio. Kuhlman influenced Benny Hinn, who adopted some of her techniques and wrote a book about her.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.csicop.org/si/show/benny_hinn_healer_or_hypnotist/ |title= Benny Hinn: Healer or hypnotist? |magazine= [[Skeptical Inquirer]] |volume= 26 |issue= 3 |publisher= [[Committee for Skeptical Inquiry]] |date= May–June 2002 |first= Joe |last= Nickell |author-link= Joe Nickell |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131030140655/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/benny_hinn_healer_or_hypnotist/ |archive-date= 2013-10-30 |url-status= dead |access-date= 2014-01-23 }}</ref>