Pittsburgh

==Transportation==
{{Main|Transportation in Pittsburgh}}
[[File:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of Pittsburgh's numerous bridges]]
Pittsburgh is a [[Bridges of Pittsburgh|city of bridges]]. With 446,<ref name="venice">{{cite news |url=http://kdka.com/local/bridge.Pittsburgh.2.383456.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091121222948/http://kdka.com/local/bridge.Pittsburgh.2.383456.html|archive-date=November 21, 2009 |title=Pittsburgh has Plenty of Bridges |work=[[KDKA-TV]] |date=June 16, 2006|access-date=July 8, 2009}}</ref> it has three bridges more than [[Venice]], Italy, which has historically held the title "City of Bridges."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abridgetovenezia.com/ponts.php?langue=en |title=Bridges of Venice |access-date=April 6, 2010 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707075415/http://www.abridgetovenezia.com/ponts.php?langue=en |archive-date=July 7, 2011}}. abridgetovenezia.com</ref> Around 40 bridges cross the three rivers near the city. The [[Smithfield Street Bridge]] was the world's first lenticular truss bridge. The city's [[Three Sisters Bridges]] offer a picturesque view of the city from the North. The south-western "entrance" to Downtown for travelers coming in from [[Interstate 79]] and the [[Pittsburgh International Airport]] is through the [[Fort Pitt Tunnel]] and over the [[Fort Pitt Bridge]]. The [[Fort Duquesne Bridge]] carrying [[Interstate 279]] is the main gateway from Downtown to both [[PNC Park]], [[Acrisure Stadium]] and the [[Rivers Casino (Pittsburgh)|Rivers Casino]]. The [[Panhandle Bridge]] carries Pittsburgh Regional Transit's Blue/Red/Silver subway lines across the [[Monongahela River]]. The renovated [[Jones and Laughlin Steel Company|J&L Steel Company]] bridge has been a key traffic/running-biking trail conduit connecting the [[Southside Works]] and [[Pittsburgh Technology Center]]. Over 2,000 bridges span the landscape of Allegheny County.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gray |first1=Richard |last2=Greene |first2=Brian |last3=Fandray |first3=Ryan |last4=Turka |first4=Robert |title=Geology of Pittsburgh |date=2015 |publisher=Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists |page=44 |url=https://aeg.memberclicks.net/assets/docs/Geology%20of%20Pittsburgh%20Book.pdf |access-date=5 April 2024}}</ref>

===Public transportation statistics===
Pittsburgh is served by [[Pittsburgh Regional Transit]], the 26th-largest transit agency in the country prior to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|COVID-19 pandemic]]. The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Pittsburgh, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 73 min. 23% of public transit riders ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 17 minutes, while 33% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is {{convert|6.3|km|order=flip|abbr=on}}, while 11% travel for over {{convert|12|km|order=flip|abbr=on}} in a single direction.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_USA_Pittsburgh_PA-1145 |title=Pittsburgh, PA Public Transportation Statistics |publisher=Global Public Transit Index by Moovit|access-date=June 19, 2017}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50x50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [[creativecommons:by/4.0/|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]].</ref>

===Expressways and highways===
{| style="float: right;" border="0"
|-
! colspan="2" | Expressways
! colspan="3"  | Other Highways
|-
| [[File:I-279.svg|30px]] || [[Interstate 279|Parkway North]]
|| [[File:US 19.svg|25px]] || [[U.S. Route 19 in Pennsylvania|US 19]]
|| [[File:PA-88.svg|25px]] [[Pennsylvania Route 88|PA 88]]
|-
| [[File:I-376.svg|30px]]<br />[[File:US 22.svg|14px]] [[File:US 30.svg|14px]] || [[Interstate 376|Parkway East & West]]
|| [[File:Truck plate.svg|25px]]<br />[[File:US 19.svg|25px]] || [[U.S. Route 19 Truck (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)|<small>Truck</small><br />US 19]]
|| [[File:PA-121.svg|25px]] [[Pennsylvania Route 121|PA 121]]
|-
| [[File:I-579.svg|30px]] || [[Interstate 579|Crosstown]]
|| [[File:PA-8.svg|25px]] || [[Pennsylvania Route 8|PA 8]]
|| [[File:PA-130.svg|25px]] [[Pennsylvania Route 130|PA 130]]
|-
| [[File:PA-28.svg|25px]] || [[Pennsylvania Route 28|Allegheny Valley Expressway]]
|| [[File:PA-50.svg|25px]] || [[Pennsylvania Route 50|PA 50]]
|| [[File:PA-380.svg|25px]] [[Pennsylvania Route 380|PA 380]]
|-
| [[File:PA-65.svg|25px]] || [[Pennsylvania Route 65|Ohio River Boulevard]]
|| [[File:PA-51.svg|25px]] || [[Pennsylvania Route 51|PA 51]]
|| [[File:PA-837.svg|25px]] [[Pennsylvania Route 837|PA 837]]
|-
| {{nbsp}} || {{nbsp}}
|| [[File:PA-60.svg|25px]] || [[Pennsylvania Route 60|PA 60]]
|| [[File:PA-885.svg|25px]] [[Pennsylvania Route 885|PA 885]]
|}
[[File:Pittsburgh (view from the North Hills).JPG|thumb|[[Interstate 279|I-279]]]]
Locals refer to the interstates fanning out from [[downtown Pittsburgh]] as the "parkways." [[Interstate 376]] is both the "parkway east" connecting to [[Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)|Interstate 76]] ([[Pennsylvania Turnpike]]) and the "parkway west" connecting to [[Interstate 79]], the [[Pittsburgh International Airport]], the Ohio end of the Turnpike and [[Interstate 80]]. The "parkway north" is [[Interstate 279]] connecting to I-79. The "crosstown" is [[Interstate 579]] allowing access to the heart of downtown, the [[Liberty Tunnels]] and the [[PPG Paints Arena]]. The 45-mile-long and 70-mile-long expressway sections of [[Pennsylvania Route 28]] and [[U.S. Route 22]] also carry traffic from downtown to the northeast and western suburbs, respectively. [[Interstate 70]], 79 and 76 (the Turnpike) roughly form a triangular-shaped "beltway" with [[Interstate 68]] and 80 within the media market's northern and southern limits. Turnpike spurs such as the [[Mon–Fayette Expressway]], [[Pennsylvania Route 576]] and [[Pennsylvania Route 66#Amos K. Hutchinson Bypass|Route 66]] also help traffic flow. The non-expressway [[Pittsburgh/Allegheny County Belt System]] serves navigation in the region.

===Airports===
{{Main|Pittsburgh metropolitan area#Airports}}
[[Pittsburgh International Airport]] provides commercial passenger service from over 15 airlines to the [[Pittsburgh metropolitan area]]. [[Arnold Palmer Regional Airport]] also provides limited commercial passenger service and is {{convert|44|mi}} east of Pittsburgh.

Other airports that have or have had scheduled commercial service include [[Morgantown Municipal Airport]] ({{convert|79|mi}} south of Pittsburgh), [[Youngstown–Warren Regional Airport]] ({{convert|81|mi}} northwest of Pittsburgh), [[Akron–Canton Airport]] ({{convert|120|mi}} northwest of Pittsburgh), [[Johnstown–Cambria County Airport]] ({{convert|60|mi}} east of Pittsburgh) and [[Erie International Airport]] ({{convert|123|mi}} north of Pittsburgh).

===Intercity passenger rail and bus===
{{main|Union Station (Pittsburgh)|Grant Street Transportation Center}}
[[Amtrak]] provides intercity rail service to [[Union Station (Pittsburgh)|Pittsburgh Union Station]], via the ''[[Capitol Limited (Amtrak train)|Capitol Limited]]'' between Chicago and Washington, D.C., and the ''[[Pennsylvanian (train)|Pennsylvanian]]'' to New York City.

[[Megabus (North America)|Megabus]], [[Greyhound Lines]], and [[Fullington Trailways]] connect Pittsburgh with distant cities by bus; Greyhound and Fullington Trailways buses stop at the [[Grant Street Transportation Center]] intercity bus terminal.  Popular destinations include [[Philadelphia]], [[New York City]], and [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greyhound.com/en/explore-places/pittsburgh|title=Discover Pittsburgh's Neighborhoods}}</ref>

Until declines in passenger travel in the 1950s and 1960s, several stations served Pittsburgh: [[Baltimore and Ohio Station (Pittsburgh)|Baltimore & Ohio Station]], [[Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railroad Station]], [[Wabash Pittsburgh Terminal]] and Pittsburgh Union Station.

===Regional mass transit===
{{main|Pittsburgh Light Rail|Port Authority of Allegheny County#Bus rapid transit}}
[[File:Steel Plaza Subway Station.JPG|thumb|[[Steel Plaza (PAT station)|Steel Plaza subway station]]]]
[[Port Authority of Allegheny County|Pittsburgh Regional Transit]], formerly known as the Port Authority of Allegheny County, is the region's mass transit system. While serving only a portion of the Pittsburgh area, the nation's 20th-largest metropolitan area, it is the 11th-largest transit agency in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://triblive.com/news/allegheny/4968949-74/pittsburgh-cities-among#axzz2j7qCvZ3v |title=Pittsburgh ranked eighth among large cities for commuting without cars |work=TribLIVE.com|access-date=June 11, 2015}}</ref> Pittsburgh Regional Transit runs a network of intracity and intercity bus routes, the [[Monongahela Incline]] [[Funicular]] railway (more commonly known as an "incline") on Mount Washington, a [[Pittsburgh Light Rail|light rail]] system that runs mostly above-ground in the suburbs and underground as a subway in the city, and one of the nation's largest [[bus rapid transit|busway]] systems.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.apta.com/research/stats/ridership/riderep/documents/07q1bus.pdf |work=American Public Transportation Association |title=Largest Transit Agencies|access-date=July 6, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927220849/http://www.apta.com/research/stats/ridership/riderep/documents/07q1bus.pdf|archive-date=September 27, 2007}}</ref> Pittsburgh Regional Transit owns the [[Duquesne Incline]] but it is operated by a non-profit preservation trust,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.duquesneincline.org/ |title=Duquesne Incline, historic cable car railway serving commuters and tourists since 1877, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |publisher=Incline.pghfree.net |date=October 14, 2008 |access-date=January 5, 2009}}</ref> but accepts Pittsburgh Regional Transit passes and charges PRT fares.

The Bus System lines are [[List of bus routes in Pittsburgh|labeled by number and letter]]. These are the largest portion of Pittsburgh Regional Transit and serve on streets and designated busways. Buses serve most of the county, extending as far as [[Pittsburgh International Airport]], [[Monroeville, Pennsylvania|Monroeville]], [[McCandless, Pennsylvania|McCandless]], and the borders of [[Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania|Westmoreland County]] and [[Beaver County, Pennsylvania]]. Meanwhile, [[Pittsburgh Light Rail|the light rail system]] (commonly known as the "T") runs along both new tracks and those refurbished from the streetcar era. The light rail runs from [[Acrisure Stadium]] to [[South Hills Village]] and [[Library, Pennsylvania|Library]], taking commuters through one of two routes: one which serves [[Castle Shannon, Pennsylvania|Castle Shannon]], [[Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania|Mt. Lebanon]], and [[Beechview (Pittsburgh)|Beechview]], and the other is an express line using railways through [[Overbrook (Pittsburgh)|Overbrook]].

===Freight rail===
[[File:Pittsburgh Penn Station (6962200876).jpg|thumb|[[Union Station (Pittsburgh)|Union Station]], built in 1903]]
Pittsburgh's rail industry dates to 1851 when the [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] first opened service between the Pittsburgh and [[Philadelphia]]. The [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad]] entered the city in 1871. In 1865, [[Andrew Carnegie]] opened the [[Pittsburgh Locomotive and Car Works]], which manufactured for the industry until 1919. Carnegie also founded the [[Union Railroad (Pittsburgh)|Union Railroad]] in 1894 for heavy freight services and it still serves the area's steel industry, while [[George Westinghouse]]'s [[Wabtec]] has been a leader in rail engines and switching since 1869.

Pittsburgh is home to one of [[Norfolk Southern Railway]]'s busiest freight corridors, the [[Pittsburgh Line]], and operates up to 70 trains per day through the city. The suburban [[Conway Yard|Conway Rail Yard]], built in 1889, was the largest freight rail center in the world from 1956 until 1980 and is today the nation's second-largest. [[CSX]], the other major freight railroad in the eastern U.S., also has [[Pittsburgh Subdivision|major operations]] around Pittsburgh.

===Port===
The [[Port of Pittsburgh Commission|Port of Pittsburgh]] ranks as the [[List of ports in the United States|20th-largest port]] in the United States with almost 34&nbsp;million short tons of river cargo for 2011, the port ranked ninth-largest in the U.S. when measured in domestic trade.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aapa.files.cms-plus.com/PDFs/2011%20U%20S%20%20PORT%20RANKINGS%20BY%20CARGO%20TONNAGE.pdf |title=U.S. PORT RANKING BY CARGO VOLUME 2011 : Short Tons : Foreign Trade |website=Aapa.files.cms-plus.com\access-date=2016-05-24}}</ref>