Vietnam War

== Legacy ==

===In popular culture===
{{Main|List of Vietnam War films}}
{{More citations needed|section|date=January 2020}}
[[File:Thuong Tiec.jpg|thumb|Stone plaque with photo of the "Thương tiếc" ''(Mourning Soldier)'' statue, originally, installed at the [[Bình An Cemetery|Republic of Vietnam National Military Cemetery]]. The original statue was demolished in April 1975.]]

The Vietnam War has been featured extensively in television, film, video games, music and literature in the participant countries. In Vietnam, one notable film set during Operation Linebacker II was the film ''[[Girl from Hanoi]]'' (1974) depicting war-time life in Hanoi. Another notable work was the diary of Đặng Thùy Trâm, a North Vietnamese doctor who enlisted in the Southern battlefield, and was killed at the age of 27 by U.S. forces near [[Quảng Ngãi]]. Her diaries were later published in Vietnam as ''Đặng Thùy Trâm's Diary'' (''Last Night I Dreamed of Peace''), where it became a bestseller and was later made into a film ''[[Don't Burn]]'' (''Đừng đốt''). In Vietnam, the diary has often been compared to ''[[The Diary of a Young Girl|The Diary of Anne Frank]]'', and both are used in literary education.<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 December 2014 |title=Amsterdam Mayor visits Hanoi-Amsterdam High School |work=VOV Online Newspaper |url=http://english.vov.vn/society/amsterdam-mayor-visits-hanoiamsterdam-high-school-284797.vov |url-status=dead |access-date=17 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428231359/https://english.vov.vn/society/amsterdam-mayor-visits-hanoiamsterdam-high-school-284797.vov |archive-date=28 April 2019}}</ref>

One of the first major films based on the Vietnam War was [[John Wayne]]'s pro-war ''[[The Green Berets (film)|The Green Berets]]'' (1968). Further cinematic representations were released during the 1970s and 1980s, some of the most noteworthy examples being [[Michael Cimino]]'s ''[[The Deer Hunter]]'' (1978), [[Francis Ford Coppola]]'s ''[[Apocalypse Now]]'' (1979), [[Oliver Stone]]'s ''[[Platoon (film)|Platoon]]'' (1986)&nbsp;– based on his service in the U.S. Army during the Vietnam War, [[Stanley Kubrick]]'s ''[[Full Metal Jacket]]'' (1987). Other Vietnam War films include ''[[Hamburger Hill]]'' (1987), ''[[Good Morning, Vietnam]]'' (1987), ''[[Casualties of War]]'' (1989), ''[[Born on the Fourth of July (film)|Born on the Fourth of July]]'' (1989), ''[[The Siege of Firebase Gloria]]'' (1989), ''[[Forrest Gump]]'' (1994), ''[[We Were Soldiers]]'' (2002), and ''[[Rescue Dawn]]'' (2007).<ref name=Tucker/>{{Rp|}}

The war also influenced a generation of musicians and songwriters in Vietnam, the United States, and throughout the world, both pro/anti-war and pro/anti-communist, with the [[Vietnam War Song Project]] having identified 5,000+ songs about or referencing the conflict.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brummer |first=Justin |title=The Vietnam War: A History in Song |url=https://www.historytoday.com/miscellanies/vietnam-war-history-song |access-date=6 August 2021 |website=History Today}}</ref> The band [[Country Joe and the Fish]] recorded ''[[The "Fish" Cheer/I-Feel-Like-I'm-Fixin'-to-Die Rag]]'' in 1965, and it became one of the most influential anti-Vietnam protest anthems.<ref name=Tucker/>{{Rp|}}

====Myths==== <!-- Redirect target of [[Mythology of the Vietnam War]] and [[Vietnam War myths]] -->
{{See also|The Myth of the Spat-on Vietnam Veteran|Vietnam stab-in-the-back myth}}
Myths play a central role in the [[historiography]] of the Vietnam War, and have become a part of the [[culture of the United States]]. Much like the general historiography of the war, discussion of myth has focused on U.S. experiences, but changing myths of war have also played a role in Vietnamese and Australian historiography. Recent scholarship has focused on "myth-busting",<ref name="Milam">{{Cite book |last=Milam |first=Ron |title=Not A Gentleman's War: An Inside View of Junior Officers in the Vietnam War |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-8078-3712-2}}</ref>{{Rp|373}} attacking the previous orthodox and revisionist schools of American historiography of the Vietnam War. This scholarship challenges myths about American society and soldiery in the Vietnam War.<ref name="Milam" />{{Rp|373}}

Kuzmarov in ''The Myth of the Addicted Army: Vietnam and the Modern War on Drugs'' challenges the popular and Hollywood narrative that US soldiers were heavy drug users,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kuzmarov |first=Jeremy |title=The Myth of the Addicted Army: Vietnam and the Modern War on Drugs |publisher=Univ of Massachusetts Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-55849-705-4 |pages=[{{GBurl|id=qDbtvEIxWigC|dq=nixon+%22tide+of+drug+abuse%22|p=3}} 3–4]}}</ref> in particular the notion that the My Lai massacre was caused by drug use.<ref name=Milam/>{{Rp|373}} According to Kuzmarov, Richard Nixon is primarily responsible for creating the drug myth.<ref name=Milam/>{{Rp|374}}

Michael Allen in ''Until The Last Man Comes Home'' also accuses Nixon of myth making, by exploiting the plight of the [[League of Wives of American Prisoners in Vietnam]] and the [[National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia]] to allow the government to appear caring as the war was increasingly considered lost.<ref name=Milam/>{{Rp|376}} Allen's analysis ties the position of potential missing or prisoner Americans into post-war politics and recent presidential elections, including the [[Swift Vets and POWs for Truth|Swift boat]] controversy in US electoral politics.<ref name=Milam/>{{Rp|376–377}}

===Commemoration===

On 25 May 2012, President [[Barack Obama]] issued a [[Presidential proclamation|proclamation]] of the [[s:Proclamation 8829|commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Vietnam War]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Office of the Press Secretary |author-link=White House Office of the Press Secretary |date=25 May 2017 |title=Presidential Proclamation Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Vietnam War |language=en |work=[[whitehouse.gov]] |publisher=[[White House]] |location=[[Washington, DC]] |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/05/25/presidential-proclamation-commemoration-50th-anniversary-vietnam-war |access-date=13 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409031608/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/05/25/presidential-proclamation-commemoration-50th-anniversary-vietnam-war|archive-date=April 9, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=25 May 2012 |title=Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Vietnam War |work=[[Federal Register]] |publisher=[[National Archives and Records Administration]] |location=[[Washington, DC]] |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2012/06/01/2012-13514/commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-vietnam-war |access-date=11 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114040944/https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2012/06/01/2012-13514/commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-vietnam-war |archive-date=14 November 2017}} [https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-06-01/pdf/2012-13514.pdf Alt URL]</ref> On 10 November 2017, President [[Donald Trump]] issued an additional [[s:Proclamation 9674|proclamation commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Vietnam War]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dwyer |first=Devin |date=10 November 2017 |title=Trump marks Veterans Day with commemoration in Vietnam |work=[[ABC News]] |publisher=[[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] |location=[[New York City]] |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/trump-marks-veterans-day-commemoration-vietnam/story?id=51057690 |access-date=13 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410051710/https://abcnews.go.com/International/trump-marks-veterans-day-commemoration-vietnam/story?id=51057690|archive-date=April 10, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=10 November 2017 |title=Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Vietnam War |work=[[Federal Register]] |publisher=[[National Archives and Records Administration]] |location=[[Washington, DC]] |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/11/17/2017-25164/commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-vietnam-war |access-date=20 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117170703/https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/11/17/2017-25164/commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-vietnam-war |archive-date=17 November 2017}} ([https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2017-11-17/pdf/2017-25164.pdf Alt URL])</ref>