Islamic terrorism

=== Central Asia ===

==== Afghanistan ====
According to [[Human Rights Watch]], [[Taliban]] and [[Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin]] forces have "sharply escalated bombing and other attacks" against civilians since 2006. In 2006, "at least 669 Afghan civilians were killed in at least 350 armed attacks, most of which appear to have been intentionally launched at civilians or civilian objects".<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/reports/2007/afghanistan0407/ ''The Human Cost: The Consequences of Insurgent Attacks in Afghanistan'']. April 2007. Volume 19, No. 6(C). [[Human Rights Watch]]/</ref>

==== Kyrgyzstan ====
[[Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyz]]-American brothers [[Dzhokhar Tsarnaev]] and [[Tamerlan Tsarnaev]] were responsible for the [[Boston Marathon bombing]].

==== Tajikistan ====
The government blamed the IMU (Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan) for training those responsible for carrying out a suicide car bombing of a police station in [[Khujand]] on 3 September 2010. Two policemen were killed and 25 injured.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://themoscowtimes.com/news/car-bomber-kills-2-in-tajikistan-1143|title=Car Bomber Kills 2 in Tajikistan|newspaper=[[The Moscow Times]]|date=6 September 2010 |access-date=3 August 2016}}</ref>

==== Uzbekistan ====
{{See also|Terrorism in Uzbekistan}}

On 16 February 1999, six car bombs exploded in Tashkent, killing 16 and injuring more than 100, in what may have been an attempt to assassinate President [[Islam Karimov]]. The IMU was blamed.<ref>{{cite web|first1=Abdumannob|last1=Polat|first2=Nickolai|last2=Butkevich|url=http://www.iicas.org/english/Krsten_4_12_00.htm |title=Unraveling the Mystery of the Tashkent Bombings: Theories and Implications|date=28 November 2000 |access-date=9 February 2016 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030611072650/http://iicas.org/english/Krsten_4_12_00.htm|archive-date=11 June 2003}}</ref>

The IMU launched a series of attacks in Tashkent and [[Bukhara]] in March and April 2004. Gunmen and [[female suicide bomber]]s took part in the attacks, which mainly targeted police. The violence killed 33 militants, 10 policemen, and four civilians.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rferl.org/reports/centralasia/2004/04/14-070404.asp|title=Central Asia Report: 7 April 2004|work=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty}}</ref> The government blamed [[Hizb ut-Tahrir]],<ref>{{cite web|first=Hooman|last=Peimani|url=http://www.cacianalyst.org/view_article.php?articleid=2299|title=Uzbekistan's reaction to Tashkent bombings generate doubts on efficacy|publisher=cacianalyst.org|date=21 April 2004 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040617000825/http://www.cacianalyst.org/view_article.php?articleid=2299|archive-date=17 June 2004}}</ref> though the [[Islamic Jihad Union]] (IJU) claimed responsibility.<ref name="rferl.org">{{cite web |first=Gulnoza |last=Saidazimova|url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2007/09/6ec8adad-f98f-413d-95e1-776074d74a24.html|title=Germany: Authorities Say Uzbekistan-Based Group Behind Terrorist Plot|publisher=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |date=6 September 2007 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911181849/http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2007/09/6ec8adad-f98f-413d-95e1-776074d74a24.html|archive-date=11 September 2007}}</ref>

[[Furkat Kasimovich Yusupov]] was arrested in the first half of 2004, and charged as the leader of a group that had carried out the 28 March bombing on behalf of Hizb ut-Tahrir.<ref name=Rfe2004-07-27>{{cite news|first=Bruce|last=Pannier|url=http://www.rferl.org/content/article/1054045.html|title=Uzbekistan: 'Terror' Trial Likely To Hold Few Surprises|publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]|date=27 July 2004|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081213124934/http://www.rferl.org/content/Article/1054045.html|archive-date=13 December 2008}}</ref>

On 30 July 2004, suicide bombers struck the entrances of the US and Israeli embassies in Tashkent. Two Uzbek security guards were killed in both bombings.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3532518.stm|title=US FBI joins Uzbek blast inquiry|work=BBC News |date=3 August 2004 |access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref> The IJU again claimed responsibility.<ref name="rferl.org" />

Foreign commentators on Uzbek affairs speculated that the 2004 violence could have been the work of the IMU, Al-Qaeda, Hizb ut-Tahrir, or some other radical Islamic organization.<ref name="CRISIS">{{cite journal|last=Rotar|first=Igor|author-link=Igor Rotar|date=19 May 2005 |title=Terrorism in Uzbekistan: A self-made crisis|url=http://www.jamestown.org/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=400&no_cache=1|journal=Terrorism Monitor, Jamestown Foundation|volume=2|issue=8|access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref><ref name=CORNELL>{{cite news|first=Kathleen|last=Knox|url=http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/8147-18.cfm|title=Uzbekistan: Who's Behind The Violence?|publisher=[[Johnson's Russia List]]|issue=18 – JRL 8147|year=2004|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040404040430/http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/8147-18.cfm|archive-date=4 April 2004}}</ref>