COVID-19 pandemic

=== Food systems ===
{{Further|Food security during the COVID-19 pandemic}}
The pandemic disrupted food systems worldwide,<ref name=":9b">{{#invoke:cite web || title=Q&A: COVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture|url=https://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/impact-on-food-and-agriculture/en/|access-date=16 October 2020|website=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Pryor |first1=Sydney |last2=Dietz |first2=William |title=The COVID-19, Obesity, and Food Insecurity Syndemic |journal=Current Obesity Reports |date=1 September 2022 |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=70–79 |doi=10.1007/s13679-021-00462-w |pmid=35138590 |pmc=9399358 |issn=2162-4968}}</ref> hitting at a time when hunger and undernourishment were rising- an estimated 690&nbsp;million people lacked food security in 2019.<ref name=":10">{{#invoke:cite book ||title=The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020 |url=https://www.fao.org/publications/sofi/2020/en/|access-date=16 October 2020|year=2020|doi=10.4060/CA9692EN|isbn=978-92-5-132901-6 | author = FAO|author-link=Food and Agriculture Organization|author2=IFAD|author2-link=International Fund for Agricultural Development|author3=UNICEF|author3-link=UNICEF|author4=WFP|author4-link=World Food Programme|author5=WHO|author5-link=World Health Organization|s2cid=239729231}}</ref> Food access fell – driven by falling incomes, lost remittances, and disruptions to food production.<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Swinnen |first1=Johan |last2=Vos |first2=Rob |title=COVID-19 and impacts on global food systems and household welfare: Introduction to a special issue |journal=Agricultural Economics |date=May 2021 |volume=52 |issue=3 |pages=365–374 |doi=10.1111/agec.12623 |pmid=34149127 |pmc=8206861 |issn=0169-5150}}</ref> In some cases, food prices rose.<ref name=":9b" /><ref name=":10" /> The pandemic and its accompanying lockdowns and travel restrictions slowed movement of food aid. According to the WHO, 811 million people were undernourished in 2020, "likely related to the fallout of COVID-19".<ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||title=UN report: Pandemic year marked by spike in world hunger |url=https://www.who.int/news/item/12-07-2021-un-report-pandemic-year-marked-by-spike-in-world-hunger |website=www.who.int |access-date=14 December 2021 }}</ref><ref name="Effect of COVID-19 on food security"/>