Malaysia Airlines Flight 370

==== <span id="Real-time tracking">Aircraft tracking</span> ====
{{See also<!-- The link is just one issue, not a broad issue, so "see also" is the appropriate template, not "further". -->|Future Air Navigation System#Surveillance improvements}}
The [[International Air Transport Association]] (IATA)—an industry trade organisation representing more than 240 airlines (accounting for 84% of global air traffic)—and the ICAO began working on implementing new measures to track aircraft in flight in real time.<ref name="IATA tracking press release"/> The IATA created a task force (which included several outside stakeholders)<ref name="IATA tracking press release"/> to define a minimal set of requirements that any tracking system must meet, allowing airlines to decide the best solution to track their aircraft. The IATA's task force planned to come up with several short-, medium-, and long-term solutions to ensure that information is provided in a timely manner to support search, rescue, and recovery activities in the wake of an aircraft accident.<ref name="DW tracking">{{cite web|last=Domínguez|first=Gabriel|title=What has the aviation industry learned from Flight MH370?|url=http://www.dw.de/what-has-the-aviation-industry-learned-from-flight-mh370/a-17871162|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]|access-date=19 October 2014|date=22 August 2014|archive-date=19 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019114757/http://www.dw.de/what-has-the-aviation-industry-learned-from-flight-mh370/a-17871162|url-status=live}}</ref> The task force was expected to provide a report to the ICAO on 30&nbsp;September 2014, but announced on that date that the report would be delayed, citing the need for further clarification on some issues.<ref name="FlightTracking">{{cite news|title=IATA wants new airline tracking equipment|url=http://www.malaysiasun.com/index.php/sid/222727817/scat/5e8a9e9456185a7e/ht/IATA-wants-new-airline-tracking-equipment|access-date=10 June 2014|newspaper=Malaysia Sun|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714223314/http://www.malaysiasun.com/index.php/sid/222727817/scat/5e8a9e9456185a7e/ht/IATA-wants-new-airline-tracking-equipment|archive-date=14 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Martell|first=Allison|title=Task force delays aircraft tracking plans promised after MH370 mystery|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-airlines-safety-tracking-idUKKCN0HP2C420140930|access-date=8 October 2014|publisher=Reuters|location=Toronto|date=30 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012225150/https://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/09/30/uk-airlines-safety-tracking-idUKKCN0HP2C420140930 |archive-date=12 October 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> In December 2014, the IATA task force recommended that, within 12&nbsp;months, airlines track commercial aircraft in no longer than 15-minute intervals. The IATA itself did not support the deadline, which it believed could not be met by all airlines, but the proposed standard had the support of the ICAO. Although the ICAO can set standards, it has no legal authority, and such standards must be adopted by member states.<ref name="air tracking ICAO standards">{{cite news|title=UN Aviation Body to Propose 15-minute Flight Tracking Standard|url=https://www.voanews.com/content/reu-un-aviation-body-to-propose-15-minute-flight-tracking-standard/2588127.html|access-date=24 January 2015|website=VOA News|agency=Reuters|date=6 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109192322/https://www.voanews.com/content/reu-un-aviation-body-to-propose-15-minute-flight-tracking-standard/2588127.html |archive-date=9 January 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="PM ICAO tracking standards">{{cite web|last=Peterson|first=Barbara|title=Here's Why Airliners Still Don't Have Real-Time Tracking Tech|url=http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/aviation/safety/mh370-missing-jets-tracking-technology-17521859|website=Popular Mechanics|access-date=24 January 2015|date=12 December 2014|archive-date=13 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313023931/https://www.popularmechanics.com/flight/a13340/mh370-missing-jets-tracking-technology-17521859/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2016, the ICAO adopted a standard that, by November 2018, all aircraft over open ocean report their position every 15&nbsp;minutes.<ref name="phys.org: ICAO 2016 amendments"/> In March, the ICAO approved an amendment to the Chicago Convention requiring new aircraft manufactured after 1&nbsp;January 2021 to have autonomous tracking devices which could send location information at least once per minute in distress circumstances.<ref name="phys.org: ICAO 2016 amendments">{{cite news|last=Lowy|first=Joan|title=Airlines slow to adopt safety technologies after MH370|url=http://phys.org/news/2016-03-airlines-safety-technologies-mh370.html|access-date=21 April 2016|work=phys.org|agency=Associated Press|publisher=Science X Network|date=4 March 2016|archive-date=7 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042639/http://phys.org/news/2016-03-airlines-safety-technologies-mh370.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ASN: ICAO 2016 amendments">{{cite web|title=ICAO updates Annex 6 with requirements to help avoid recurrence of MH370-type disappearances|url=http://news.aviation-safety.net/2016/03/07/icao-updates-annex-6-with-requirements-to-help-avoid-recurrence-of-mh370-type-disappearances/|website=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=21 April 2016|date=7 March 2016|archive-date=30 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430102540/http://news.aviation-safety.net/2016/03/07/icao-updates-annex-6-with-requirements-to-help-avoid-recurrence-of-mh370-type-disappearances/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In May 2014, [[Inmarsat]] said that it would offer its tracking service for free to all aircraft equipped with an Inmarsat satellite connection (which includes the vast majority of commercial airliners).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/10824544/Inmarsat-offers-to-track-aircraft-for-free-after-Malaysia-Airlines-disaster.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/10824544/Inmarsat-offers-to-track-aircraft-for-free-after-Malaysia-Airlines-disaster.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Inmarsat offers to track aircraft for free after Malaysia Airlines disaster |date=12 May 2014|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=4 April 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Inmarsat also changed the time period for handshakes with its terminals from one hour to 15&nbsp;minutes.<ref name=JN-Inmarsat>{{cite journal|last1=Ashton|first1=Chris|last2=Bruce|first2=Alan Shuster|last3=Colledge|first3=Gary|last4=Dickinson|first4=Mark|title=The Search for MH370|journal=The Journal of Navigation|volume=68|pages=1–22|date=14 September 2014|doi=10.1017/S037346331400068X|doi-access=free}}</ref>{{Rp|2}}