Judaism

==Criticism==
{{Main|Criticism of Judaism}}

Proponents of classical Orthodox Judaism such as [[Neturei Karta]] and similar groups strongly oppose the growing accommodation to [[Types of Zionism|political Zionism]] by [[Haredi Judaism|Haredi Jewish]] groups such as [[Agudat Yisrael]]; a previously anti-Zionist proponent of Orthodox Haredi Judaism whom the Neturei Karta see as betrayal by the Agudat Yisrael to the Orthodoxy, in the belief that Judaism should not be conflated with the politics of Zionism.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neturei Karta |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/neturei-karta-2 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org |quote=Neturei Karta (Aramaic: "Guardians of the City") is a group of Orthodox Jews which rejects Zionism and the establishment of the State of Israel. They believe that the true Israel can only be reestablished with the coming of the Messiah.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Harb |first=Ali |title='Anti-Zionism is antisemitism,' US House asserts in 'dangerous' resolution |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/6/anti-zionism-is-antisemitism-us-house-asserts-in-dangerous-resolution |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=In the US, Palestinian rights supporters have long rejected conflations of Zionism with Judaism, noting that many Jewish Americans identify as anti-Zionist. "Opposing the policies of the government of Israel and Netanyahu's extremism is not antisemitic. Speaking up for human rights and a ceasefire to save lives should never be condemned," Palestinian American Congresswoman Rashida Tlaib said in a social media post on Tuesday, explaining her vote against the resolution.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Santos |first=Fernanda |date=2007-01-15 |title=New York Rabbi Finds Friends in Iran and Enemies at Home |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/15/nyregion/15rabbi.html |access-date=2024-04-08 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |quote=... Rabbi Yisroel Dovid Weiss, spokesman and assistant director of a small anti-Zionist group with a foothold in this town in Rockland County, home to one of the nation's largest communities of Hasidic Jews... "we had to let the world know, especially the Arab world and the Muslim world, that we are not their enemies," he said in an interview, a Palestinian flag with the phrase "A Jew Not a Zionist," written in Hebrew, English and Arabic pinned to the lapel of his coat...}}</ref>

Neturei Karta and similar groups emerged in response to the growing accommodation to Zionism on the part of Agudat Israel and represent the classical Orthodox reaction to the politics of Zionism as an abomination, a heresy and a blasphemy against historical Judaism. Members of the community do not use government identity cards, do not use Israeli money or postage stamps, and do not accept any services from the state. They believe that the state was conceived and born in sin, that Zionism is not just a rebellion against human history, but against divine judgment. The Zionist heresy is to define Jews as a nation. Jews cannot be a normal nation because they have been chosen by God to be a Holy People. Jews were sent into exile because of their sins, not because of any worldly weakness, and building up wildly strength is not real redemption. For Neturei Karta, Jewish nationalism is an imitation of gentile ways; Jews should not rebel against gentile rule but wait for divine redemption.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ufheil-Somers |first=Amanda |date=1992-11-01 |title=Israel's Ultra-Orthodox |url=https://merip.org/1992/11/israels-ultra-orthodox/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=MERIP |language=en-US}}</ref>

Neturei Karta Rabbi Chaim (Haim) Sofer stated that; ''"A time will come when evil plots will fall apart, and it should be written in history that within this chaos, there were Jews loyal to their faith and to their tradition, and loyal to humanity and justice, and they spoke openly against the mainstream, even though they were labeled self-hating Jews and accused of collaborating with terrorists. We are collaborating with faith, justice and humanity''.", in defense of "'''uncorrupted Judaism'''''".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Michelle |date=2003-03-14 |title=Jews against Israel |url=https://www.salon.com/2003/03/13/neturei_karta/ |access-date=2024-04-12 |website=Salon |language=en |quote=Last July, when Netanyahu was invited to Monsey to speak, rabbis from 12 local synagogues and rabbinical schools signed a letter saying, "We were astonished to learn that one of the leaders of the Zionist State of Israel was invited to attend a party in our community, and gave a speech there. This entity, which our rabbis have taught us is in opposition to our Torah, and which uproots our religion under the banner of nationalism, is the source of mischief, and is the root cause of all types of suffering experienced by our brethren in the Holy Land, exactly as predicted by our ancient prophets and by our rabbis."}}</ref>'' Rabbi Sofer is seen in tears as he is shown looking at a photograph of a Palestinian mother grieving over her dead child, stating that "''it's the most painful thing to see... her baby torn to pieces... by [[Israeli war crimes|Zionist murderers, terrorist soldiers]]...'' ".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-11 |title=Ultra-Orthodox rabbi in tears over photo of grieving Gaza mum |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20240106-ultra-orthodox-rabbi-in-tears-over-photo-of-grieving-gaza-mum/ |url-status=live |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=Middle East Monitor |quote=Rabbi Haim Sofer, a member of the anti-Zionist Neturei Karta movement, was moved to tears while voting in Anadolu Agency's 'Photo of the Year'. His choice, Ashraf Amra's 'The Cry Out' captures a Palestinian mother grieving the loss of a child. The photograph is one of 25 pictures submitted to the 'Gaza: Evidence' category which aims to. 'document Israeli war crimes' in Gaza since 7 October 2023.}}</ref>