Martin Luther King Jr.

==Awards and recognition==
[[File:Martin Luther King Jr with medallion NYWTS.jpg|thumb|upright|King showing his medallion, which he received from Mayor Wagner, 1964]]
King was awarded at least fifty honorary degrees from colleges and universities.<ref name=merv>{{cite book | title=King Came Preaching: The Pulpit Power of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | page=[https://archive.org/details/kingcamepreachin0000warr/page/79 79] | last=Warren | first=Mervyn A. | isbn=0-8308-2658-0 | year=2001 | publisher=InterVarsity Press | url=https://archive.org/details/kingcamepreachin0000warr/page/79 }}</ref> On October 14, 1964, King became the youngest winner of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]], which was awarded to him for leading nonviolent resistance to racial prejudice in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1014.html|title=Martin Luther King Wins The Nobel Prize for Peace|date=October 15, 1964|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 13, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Makers of Modern Culture: Makers of Culture | last=Wintle | first=Justin | page=272 | publisher=Routledge | year=2001|isbn=0-415-26583-5}}</ref> In 1965, he was awarded the American Liberties Medallion by the [[American Jewish Committee]] for his "exceptional advancement of the principles of human liberty."<ref name=merv/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ajc.org/site/apps/nl/content3.asp?c=ijITI2PHKoG&b=843719&ct=1052921|publisher=American Jewish Committee|title=Commemorating Martin Luther King Jr.: Presentation of American Liberties Medallion|last=Engel|first=Irving M.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060604175417/http://www.ajc.org/site/apps/nl/content3.asp?c=ijITI2PHKoG&b=843719&ct=1052921|archive-date=June 4, 2006|access-date=March 15, 2018}}</ref> In his acceptance remarks, King said, "Freedom is one thing. You have it all or you are not free."<ref>{{cite web|title=Commemorating Martin Luther King Jr.: Response to Award of American Liberties Medallion|last=King|first=Martin Luther Jr.|publisher=American Jewish Committee|url=http://www.ajc.org/site/apps/nl/content3.asp?c=ijITI2PHKoG&b=843719&ct=1052923|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060609075301/https://www.ajc.org/site/apps/nl/content3.asp?c=ijITI2PHKoG&b=843719&ct=1052923|archive-date=June 9, 2006|access-date=March 15, 2018}}</ref>

In 1957, he was awarded the [[Spingarn Medal]] from the [[NAACP]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naacp.org/pages/spingarn-medal-winners |title=Spingarn Medal Winners: 1915 to Today |publisher=NAACP |access-date=January 16, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802063355/http://www.naacp.org/pages/spingarn-medal-winners |archive-date=August 2, 2014 }}</ref> Two years later, he won the [[Anisfield-Wolf Book Award]] for ''Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Martin Luther King Jr.|url=http://www.anisfield-wolf.org/books/stride-toward-freedom-the-montgomery-story/?sortby=author&auth=KINGJR.MARTINLUTHER|publisher=[[Anisfield-Wolf Book Award]]s|access-date=October 2, 2011}}</ref> In 1966, the Planned Parenthood Federation of America awarded King the [[Margaret Sanger Awards|Margaret Sanger Award]] for "his courageous resistance to bigotry and his lifelong dedication to the advancement of social justice and human dignity."<ref name=PP>{{cite web|title=The Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. upon accepting The Planned Parenthood Federation Of America Margaret Sanger Award| publisher= [[Planned Parenthood|PPFA]]| url= http://www.plannedparenthood.org/about-us/who-we-are/the-reverend-martin-luther-king-jr.htm|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080224104928/http://www.plannedparenthood.org/about-us/who-we-are/the-reverend-martin-luther-king-jr.htm|archive-date=February 24, 2008| access-date=August 27, 2008}}</ref> Also in 1966, King was elected as a fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]].<ref name="King AAAS fellow">{{cite web|title=SCLC Press Release|url=http://www.thekingcenter.org/archive/document/sclc-press-release|publisher=SCLC via the King Center|access-date=August 31, 2012|date=May 16, 1966|archive-date=December 15, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121215172223/http://www.thekingcenter.org/archive/document/sclc-press-release|url-status=dead }}</ref> In November 1967, he made a 24-hour trip to the UK to receive an honorary [[Doctor of Civil Law|Doctorate in Civil Law]] from [[Newcastle University]], becoming the first African American the institution had recognized in this way.<ref name="Ward"/> In an impromptu acceptance speech,<ref name="Newcastle ceremony"/> he said:
<blockquote>There are three urgent and indeed great problems that we face not only in the United States of America but all over the world today. That is the problem of racism, the problem of poverty and the problem of war.</blockquote>

[[File:Martin Luther King Jr Newcastle University 1967.jpg|thumb|King after receiving his honorary doctorate from Newcastle University]]

In addition to his nominations for three Grammy Awards, King posthumously won for [[Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album|Best Spoken Word Recording]] in 1971 for "Why I Oppose The War In Vietnam".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/did-you-know-dr-martin-luther-king-jr-won-grammy|title=Did You Know That Martin Luther King Won A GRAMMY?|date=January 17, 2019|website=GRAMMY.com|language=en|access-date=January 21, 2019}}</ref>

In 1977, President [[Jimmy Carter]] posthumously awarded the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] to King. The citation read:

<blockquote>Martin Luther King Jr. was the conscience of his generation. He gazed upon the great wall of segregation and saw that the power of love could bring it down. From the pain and exhaustion of his fight to fulfill the promises of our founding fathers for our humblest citizens, he wrung his eloquent statement of his dream for America. He made our nation stronger because he made it better. His dream sustains us yet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=7784 |title=Presidential Medal of Freedom Remarks on Presenting the Medal to Dr. Jonas E. Salk and to Martin Luther King Jr. |author=Carter, Jimmy |date=July 11, 1977 |publisher=The American Presidency Project |access-date=January 4, 2013 |archive-date=May 1, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501191835/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=7784 |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote>

King and his wife were also awarded the [[Congressional Gold Medal]] in 2004.<ref>{{cite web|title=Congressional Gold Medal Recipients (1776 to Present)| publisher= Office of the Clerk: U.S. House of Representatives| url=http://clerk.house.gov/art_history/house_history/goldMedal.html| access-date=June 16, 2008}}</ref>

King was second in [[Gallup's List of Most Widely Admired People of the 20th Century]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion 1999|last1=Gallup|first1=George|first2=Alec Jr.|last2=Gallup |page=249|isbn=0-8420-2699-1|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield | year= 2000}}</ref> In 1963, he was named [[Time Person of the Year|''Time'' Person of the Year]], and, in 2000, he was voted sixth in an online "Person of the Century" poll by the same magazine.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-24394267.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514041705/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-24394267.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 14, 2013 |title=Time Names Einstein as Person of the Century |author=Harpaz, Beth J. |date=December 27, 1999 |agency=Associated Press |access-date=January 20, 2013}}</ref> King placed third in ''[[The Greatest American]]'' conducted by the [[Discovery Channel]] and [[AOL]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Reagan voted 'greatest American'|date=June 28, 2005|access-date=August 27, 2008|publisher=BBC |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4631421.stm}}</ref>

===Five-dollar bill===
On April 20, 2016, Treasury Secretary [[Jacob Lew]] announced that the $5, $10, and $20 bills would all undergo redesign prior to 2020. Lew said that while Lincoln would remain on the front of the $5 bill, the reverse would be redesigned to depict various historical events that had occurred at the Lincoln Memorial. Among the planned designs are images from King's "I Have a Dream" speech.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2016/04/20/report-lew-considered-anthony-10-bill/83274530/ |title=Anti-slavery activist Harriet Tubman to replace Jackson on the front of the $20 bill |first=Gregory |last=Korte |newspaper=USAToday.com |date=April 21, 2016 |access-date=August 28, 2017}}</ref>

===Memorials===
{{Main|List of memorials to Martin Luther King Jr.}}
Many memorial sites, buildings and sculptures have been created to honor Martin Luther King Jr, including the [[Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library]] in Washington, D.C.,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dclibrary.org/node/741 | title=The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library History | date=July 23, 2009 | access-date=January 16, 2023 | archive-date=January 16, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116014246/https://www.dclibrary.org/node/741 | url-status=dead }}</ref> the [[Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Library]] in [[San Jose, California|San Jose]], California, and the [[Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial]] in [[West Potomac Park]] next to the [[National Mall]] in Washington, D.C.

===Honorary doctorates===
King has received several [[honorary doctorates]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Louisiana State University|url=https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/c.php?g=353667&p=2385250 |title=Martin Luther King, Jr. Honorary Degrees|accessdate=June 5, 2023}}</ref>
* 1957: [[Doctor of Humane Letters]], [[Morehouse College]]; [[Doctor of Laws]], [[Howard University]]; [[Doctor of Divinity]], [[Chicago Theological Seminary]]
* 1958: [[Doctor of Laws]], [[Morgan State College]]; [[Doctor of Humanities]], [[Central State College]]
* 1959: [[Doctor of Divinity]], [[Boston University]]
* 1961: [[Doctor of Laws]], [[Lincoln University (Pennsylvania)|Lincoln University]]; [[Doctor of Laws]], [[University of Bridgeport]]
* 1962: [[Doctor of Civil Laws]], [[Bard College]]
* 1963: [[Doctor of Letters]], [[Keuka College]]
* 1964: [[Doctor of Divinity]], [[Wesleyan College]]; [[Doctor of Laws]], [[Jewish Theological Seminary of America|Jewish Theological Seminary]]; [[Doctor of Laws]], [[Yale University]]; [[Doctor of Divinity]], [[Springfield College]]
* 1965: [[Doctor of Laws]], [[Hofstra University]]; [[Doctor of Humane Letters]], [[Oberlin College]]; [[Doctor of Social Science]], [[Amsterdam Free University]]; [[Doctor of Divinity]], [[Saint Peter's University|St. Peter's College]]
* 1967: [[Doctor of Civil Law]], [[University of Newcastle upon Tyne]]; [[Doctor of Laws]], [[Grinnell College]]