Islamic terrorism

==== Somalia and the Horn of Africa ====
[[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]] is a militant jihadist terrorist group based in East Africa, which emerged in 2006 as the youth wing of the [[Islamic Courts Union]]. A number of foreign jihadists{{Who|date=January 2019}} have gone to Somalia to support al-Shabaab. In 2012, it pledged allegiance to the militant Islamist organization Al-Qaeda. It is a participant in the Somali Civil War, and is reportedly being used by Egypt to destabilize Ethiopia, and attracting converts from predominantly Christian Kenya.<ref name=":5" />

In 2010, the group [[July 2010 Kampala attacks|killed 76 people watching the 2010 World Cup in Uganda]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-24379013|title=In prison with al-Shabab: What drives Somali militants?|date=5 October 2013|work=BBC News|access-date=4 January 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref>

In 2017, al-Shabaab was estimated to have about 7000–9000 fighters. It has imposed a strict Sharia law in areas it controls, such as stoning adulterers and amputating hands of thieves.<ref name=":5" />