Sermon

==Islam==
''[[Khutbah]]'' ({{lang-ar|خطبة}}) serves as the primary formal occasion for public preaching in the [[Islam]]ic tradition. In societies or communities with (for example) low literacy rates, strong habits of communal worship, and/or limited [[mass-media]], the preaching of sermons throughout networks of congregations can have important informative and prescriptive [[propaganda]] functions<ref>
Compare: {{cite book
| last1                 = Jackson
| first1                = Gregory S.
| chapter               = 24: America's First Mass Media: Preaching and the Protestant Sermon Tradition
| editor1-last          = Castillo
| editor1-first         = Susan
| editor2-last          = Schweitzer
| editor2-first         = Ivy
| title                 = 	A Companion to the Literatures of Colonial America
| url                   = https://books.google.com/books?id=YQxWlGD1D9YC
| series                = Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture
| location              = Malden, Massachusetts
| publisher             = Blackwell Publishing
| date      = 2005
| page                  = 402
| isbn                  = 9781405152082
| access-date            = 2017-02-05
| quote                 = Historically, the American sermon has been one of the most vital forms of mass media. Few aspects of society have remained outside its purview and regulation.
}}
</ref>
for both civil<ref>
{{cite book
| last1                 = Cooper
| first1                = John P. D.
| chapter               = 8: Propaganda
| title                 = Propaganda and the Tudor State: Political Culture in the Westcountry
| url                   = https://books.google.com/books?id=C37l-enYEScC
| series                = Oxford historical monographs
| location              = Oxford
| publisher             = Clarendon Press
| date      = 2003
| page                  = 221
| isbn                  = 9780199263875
| access-date            = 2017-02-05
| quote                 = [...] the most important of the homilies for our purposes is the tenth, 'An Exhortacion concerning Good Ordre and Obedience to Rulers and Magistrates'. It may have been written by [[Thomas Cranmer | Cranmer]] himself, although we cannot be sure. The sermon is proof that Tudor royal propaganda was directed at a mass audience.
}}
</ref>
and religious authorities—which may regulate the manner, frequency, licensing, personnel and content of preaching accordingly.<ref>
{{cite book
| last1                 = Bitzel
| first1                = Alexander
| chapter               = The theology of the sermon in the 18th century
| editor1-last          = van Eijnatten
| editor1-first         = Joris
| title                 = Preaching, Sermon and Cultural Change in the Long Eighteenth Century
| url                   = https://books.google.com/books?id=rxdF_RS5ugQC
| series                = A New History of the Sermon
| volume                = 4
| location              = Leiden
| publisher             = Brill
| date      = 2009
| page                  = 61
| isbn                  = 9789004171558
| access-date            = 2017-02-05
| quote                 = The decrees of the [[Council of Trent]] that have to do with preaching spend a great deal of effort on regulation, stipulating where and when preaching has to occur, who is allowed to preach, how the vocation to be a preacher works, and so on. Episcopal oversight over preaching is particularly precisely regulated. Behind this juridicial regulation lies the attempt to avoid, under all circumstances, the penetration of Protestant preachers into Roman Catholic congregations.
}}
</ref><ref>
Compare: {{cite book
| editor1-last          = McCullough
| editor1-first         = Peter
| editor2-last          = Adlington
| editor2-first         = Hugh
| editor3-last          = Rhatigan
| editor3-first         = Emma
| title                 = The Oxford Handbook of the Early Modern Sermon
| url                   = https://books.google.com/books?id=kjtBQiMy5ZkC
| series                = Oxford Handbooks of Literature
| location              = Oxford
| publisher             = Oxford University Press
| date      = 2011
| page                  = xv
| isbn                  = 9780199237531
| access-date            = 2017-02-05
| quote                 = The volume concludes with three appendixes of primary sources to aid understanding of the theories, reception, and regulation of preaching. The third of these ('Preaching Regulated') assembles in one place for the first time all the official acts and proclamations that governed preaching in England, Scotland and Ireland from the Reformation to the late seventeenth century.
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite book
| last1                 = Ropi
| first1                = Ismatu
| chapter               = 11: Governmentalization of Religious Policies
| title                 = Religion and Regulation in Indonesia
| url                   = https://books.google.com/books?id=ApjZDQAAQBAJ
| location              = Singapore
| publisher             = Springer
| date      = 2017
| page                  = 146
| isbn                  = 9789811028274
| access-date            = 2017-02-06
| quote                 = [General [[Alamsyah Ratu Perwiranegara | Alamsjah]],] the first Minister of Religious Affairs to develop the model of religious harmony in practice [...] developed a variety of policies increasingly instrusive in nature. [...] [T]he regime regulated how the ''kuliah subuh'' (sermon following the dawn prayer) should be presented through radio broadcasts.[...] It also made rules on the allowable terms, methods and contents of ''dakwah'' in sermons to audiences.[...] Moreover, certain technicalities on delivering ''dakwah'' or preaching were also tightly regulated. For example, the instructions of the Directorate-General of Islamic Guidance contained guidelines for the use of loudspeakers in mosques, and other smaller Islamic places of worship like ''mushalla'' and ''langgar''.
}}
</ref>