Republican Party (United States)

====Progressives vs. Standpatters====
[[File:President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Theodore Roosevelt]], the 26th president (1901–1909)]]

[[1896 United States presidential election|The 1896 realignment]] cemented the Republicans as the party of big businesses while president [[Theodore Roosevelt]] added more small business support by his embrace of [[trust busting]]. He handpicked his successor [[William Howard Taft]] in [[1908 United States presidential election|the 1908 election]], but they became enemies as the party split down the middle. Taft defeated Roosevelt for [[1912 Republican Party presidential primaries|the 1912 nomination]] so Roosevelt stormed out of the convention and started a new party. Roosevelt ran on the ticket of [[Progressive Party (United States, 1912–1920)|his new Progressive Party]]. He called for [[Modern liberalism in the United States|social reforms]], many of which were later championed by [[New Deal Democrats]] in the 1930s. He lost and when most of his supporters returned to the GOP, they found they did not agree with the new [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative economic thinking]], leading to an ideological shift to the right in the Republican Party.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1894529_1894528_1894519,00.html |title=The Ol' Switcheroo. Theodore Roosevelt, 1912 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=April 29, 2009 |access-date=February 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005180052/http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1894529_1894528_1894519,00.html |archive-date=October 5, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The Republicans returned to the presidency in the 1920s, winning on [[Return to normalcy|platforms of normalcy]], business-oriented efficiency, and high tariffs.<ref>George H. Mayer, ''The Republican Party, 1854-1964'' (1965) pp. 328-427, [https://archive.org/details/republicanparty100maye online]</ref> The national party platform avoided mention of prohibition, instead issuing a vague commitment to [[Law and order (politics)|law and order]].<ref>David E. Kyvig, ''Repealing National Prohibition'' (2000) pp. 63–65.</ref> The [[Teapot Dome scandal]] threatened to hurt the party under [[Warren G. Harding]]. He died in 1923 and [[Calvin Coolidge]] easily defeated the splintered opposition in 1924.<ref>Garland S. Tucker, III, ''The high tide of American conservatism: Davis, Coolidge, and the 1924 election'' (2010) [https://archive.org/details/hightideofameric00garl/mode/1up online]</ref> The pro-business policies of the decade produced an unprecedented prosperity until the [[Wall Street Crash of 1929]] heralded the Great Depression.<ref>Robert K. Murray, ''The politics of normalcy: governmental theory and practice in the Harding-Coolidge era'' (1973) [[iarchive:politicsofnormal00robe/page/n5/mode/1up|online]]</ref>