Modesto, California

=== Climate ===
Modesto has a borderline [[cold semi-arid climate]] (BSk) and [[hot-summer Mediterranean climate]] (Csa) under the [[Köppen climate classification]]. It has cool to mild winters with moderate rainfall and hot, dry summers. Most of the rainfall occurs during the winter and the annual total is {{cvt|13.2|in|mm}}. The highest rainfall in a season was {{cvt|26.01|in|mm}} in 1982–83 and the lowest being {{cvt|4.3|in|mm}} in 1912–1913. Precipitation usually comes in the form of atmospheric rivers or bomb cyclones and some of the most precipitation can come during the El Niño years. In addition, Modesto experiences drought cycles like the rest of California where the seasonal rainfall can be a few inches below average in dry seasons and a few inches above during wet seasons. The city does not have a full storm sewer system, and many streets flood during winter rain storms. Measurable snowfall has only been recorded in only 4 months in the last 100 years with the highest amount being 1.5 inches that fell in January 1962.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Modesto Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (California, United States) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/1325/Average-Weather-in-Modesto-California-United-States-Year-Round |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>

Usually on average the weather does not go below 30&nbsp;°F and not above 103&nbsp;°F. Average January temperatures range from {{cvt|56|F|C}} in the day to {{cvt|34|F|C}} at night. There are about 20 days per year that's see temperatures at or below {{cvt|32|F|C}} and 79 that are at or above  {{cvt|90|F|C}}.  Winter days that receive precipitation tend to be milder while drier days have freezing nights that allow for frost build up until the morning. Thus, winter temperatures can vary from lows in the low 30s in dry months to 40s in wetter months. Average July temperatures range from {{cvt|95|F|C}} in the day to {{cvt|63|F|C}} at night. During the summer months there can be multiple days in a row with high temperatures exceeding {{cvt|100|F|C}}. This can pose health risks for people with weak constitutions or who ignore the dangers of heat stroke. Onshore breezes (known locally as the "delta breeze") moderate these high temperatures somewhat, with cooler air coming in after 8 or 9&nbsp;pm on summer nights, making Modesto potentially a couple or few degrees cooler than the northern and southern parts of the Central Valley.

{{Weather box
|location = Modesto, California ([[Modesto City County Airport]]), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1927–present
|single line = Yes

|Jan record high F = 75
|Feb record high F = 80
|Mar record high F = 89
|Apr record high F = 100
|May record high F = 107
|Jun record high F = 112
|Jul record high F = 113
|Aug record high F = 111
|Sep record high F = 112
|Oct record high F = 101
|Nov record high F = 88
|Dec record high F = 75

|Jan avg record high F = 65.9
|Feb avg record high F = 72.4
|Mar avg record high F = 80.9
|Apr avg record high F = 89.9
|May avg record high F = 97.0
|Jun avg record high F = 103.9
|Jul avg record high F = 105.4
|Aug avg record high F = 104.3
|Sep avg record high F = 100.8
|Oct avg record high F = 91.9
|Nov avg record high F = 77.8
|Dec avg record high F = 66.2
|year avg record high F = 107.0

|Jan high F = 56.1
|Feb high F = 62.2
|Mar high F = 68.1
|Apr high F = 73.8
|May high F = 82.0
|Jun high F = 89.7
|Jul high F = 95.0
|Aug high F = 93.5
|Sep high F = 89.1
|Oct high F = 79.0
|Nov high F = 65.7
|Dec high F = 56.2
|year high F =

|Jan mean F = 47.5
|Feb mean F = 52.0
|Mar mean F = 56.7
|Apr mean F = 61.1
|May mean F = 67.8
|Jun mean F = 74.5
|Jul mean F = 78.8
|Aug mean F = 77.8
|Sep mean F = 73.9
|Oct mean F = 65.2
|Nov mean F = 54.5
|Dec mean F = 47.4
|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 38.8
|Feb low F = 41.8
|Mar low F = 45.2
|Apr low F = 48.4
|May low F = 53.7
|Jun low F = 59.2
|Jul low F = 62.7
|Aug low F = 62.0
|Sep low F = 58.6
|Oct low F = 51.5
|Nov low F = 43.2
|Dec low F = 38.6
|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = 28.3
|Feb avg record low F = 31.4
|Mar avg record low F = 36.2
|Apr avg record low F = 40.8
|May avg record low F = 46.6
|Jun avg record low F = 50.5
|Jul avg record low F = 55.2
|Aug avg record low F = 55.5
|Sep avg record low F = 51.8
|Oct avg record low F = 42.1
|Nov avg record low F = 33.1
|Dec avg record low F = 28.2
|year avg record low F = 26.0

|Jan record low F = 18
|Feb record low F = 24
|Mar record low F = 27
|Apr record low F = 30
|May record low F = 32
|Jun record low F = 39
|Jul record low F = 46
|Aug record low F = 46
|Sep record low F = 40
|Oct record low F = 29
|Nov record low F = 25
|Dec record low F = 18

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 2.61
|Feb precipitation inch = 2.38
|Mar precipitation inch = 2.04
|Apr precipitation inch = 1.07
|May precipitation inch = 0.53
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.12
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.00
|Aug precipitation inch = 0.02
|Sep precipitation inch = 0.26
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.68
|Nov precipitation inch = 1.36
|Dec precipitation inch = 2.04
|year precipitation inch =
<!-- Currently, freeze days are not weather box parameters
|Jan freeze days = 7.1
|Feb freeze days = 2.7
|Mar freeze days = 0.6
|Apr freeze days = 0.1
|May freeze days = 0.0
|Jun freeze days = 0.0 
|Jul freeze days = 0.0
|Aug freeze days = 0.0
|Sep freeze days = 0.0
|Oct freeze days = 0.1
|Nov freeze days = 2.0
|Dec freeze days = 7.0
|year freeze days =
-->
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 9.7
|Feb precipitation days = 9.1
|Mar precipitation days = 8.2
|Apr precipitation days = 4.7
|May precipitation days = 3.0
|Jun precipitation days = 1.0
|Jul precipitation days = 0.1
|Aug precipitation days = 0.1
|Sep precipitation days = 0.4
|Oct precipitation days = 2.3
|Nov precipitation days = 5.6
|Dec precipitation days = 9.1

|Jan snow inch = 
|Feb snow inch = 
|Mar snow inch = 
|Apr snow inch = 
|May snow inch = 
|Jun snow inch = 
|Jul snow inch = 
|Aug snow inch = 
|Sep snow inch = 
|Oct snow inch = 
|Nov snow inch = 
|Dec snow inch = 
|year snow inch =

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.1
|Feb snow days = 0.0
|Mar snow days = 0.0
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.0
|Dec snow days = 0.0

|Jan sun = 195.3
|Feb sun = 176.4
|Mar sun = 254.2
|Apr sun = 315
|May sun = 350.3
|Jun sun = 363
|Jul sun = 375.1
|Aug sun = 372
|Sep sun = 345
|Oct sun = 229.4
|Nov sun = 201
|Dec sun = 186
|year sun =

|source 1 = WRCc<ref name = WRCC>
{{cite web
|url =  https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?camode
|publisher = Western Research Climate Center
|title = Modesto, California 1981-2010 Monthly Normals (precipitation)
|access-date = May 21, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=sto
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Sacramento
|access-date = May 21, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}