Author

===Traditional publishing===
With commissioned publishing, the publisher makes all the publication arrangements and the author covers all expenses.

The author of a work may receive a percentage calculated on a wholesale or a specific price or a fixed amount on each book sold. Publishers, at times, reduced the risk of this type of arrangement, by agreeing only to pay this after a certain number of copies had sold. In Canada, this practice occurred during the 1890s, but was not commonplace until the 1920s. Established and successful authors may receive advance payments, set against future royalties, but this is no longer common practice. Most independent publishers pay royalties as a percentage of net receipts – how net receipts are calculated varies from publisher to publisher. Under this arrangement, the author does not pay anything towards the expense of publication. The costs and [[financial risk]] are all carried by the publisher, who will then take the greatest percentage of the receipts. See Compensation for more.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Greco |first=Albert N. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781136850356 |title=The Book Publishing Industry |date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-85035-6 |edition=0 |language=en |doi=10.4324/9780203834565}}</ref>