Civil rights movement

=== Eisenhower administration: 1953–1961 ===
While not a key focus of his administration, President Eisenhower made several conservative strides toward making America a racially integrated country. The year he was elected, Eisenhower desegregated Washington D.C. after hearing a story about an African American man who was unable to rent a hotel room, buy a meal, access drinking water, and attend a movie.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|last=Nichols|first=David A.|date=June 8, 2020|title='Unless we progress, we regress': How Eisenhower Broke Ground on Desegregation|url=https://www.historynet.com/unless-we-progress-we-regress.htm|access-date=March 4, 2021|website=HistoryNet|language=en-US}}</ref> Shortly after this act, Eisenhower utilized Hollywood personalities to pressure movie theatres into desegregating as well.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pipes|first=Kasey|date=April 4, 2016|title=Ike's Forgotten Legacy on Civil Rights: A Lesson in Leadership for Today|url=https://riponsociety.org/article/ikes-forgotten-legacy-a-lesson-in-leadership-for-today/|access-date=March 4, 2021|website=RiponSociety|language=en-US}}</ref>

Under the previous administration, President Truman signed [[Executive Order 9981|Executive Order 9981 to desegregate the military]]. However, Truman's executive order had hardly been enforced. President Eisenhower made it a point to enforce the executive order. By October 30, 1954, there were no segregated combat units in the United States.<ref name="auto"/> Not only this, but Eisenhower also desegregated the Veterans Administration and military bases in the South, including federal schools for military dependents. Expanding his work beyond the military, Eisenhower formed two non-discrimination committees, one to broker nondiscrimination agreements with government contractors, and a second to end discrimination within government departments and agencies.<ref name="auto"/>

The first major piece of civil rights legislation since the Civil Rights Act of 1875 was also passed under the Eisenhower administration. President Eisenhower proposed, championed, and signed the [[Civil Rights Act of 1957]]. The legislation established the Civil Rights Commission and the Justice Department's Civil Rights Division and banned intimidating, coercing, and other means of interfering with a citizen's right to vote. Eisenhower's work in desegregating the judicial system is also notable. The judges he appointed were liberal when it came to the subject of civil rights / desegregation, and he actively avoided placing segregationists in federal courts.<ref name="auto"/>