Lyndon B. Johnson

==Legacy==
[[File:LBJ Library and Museum front view with fountain.png|thumb|Front view of the [[Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum]] located on the campus of the [[University of Texas]] in Austin, Texas]]

Scholars have viewed Johnson through the lens of both his legislative achievements and his lack of success in the Vietnam War. His overall rating among historians has remained relatively steady, and his average ranking is higher than any of the eight presidents who followed him, although similar to Reagan and Clinton.<ref>{{cite web |title=Siena College presidential surveys |url=https://www.siena.edu/centers-institutes/siena-research-institute/social-cultural-polls/us-presidents-study/ |access-date=August 30, 2016}}</ref> In public polling of [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States|presidential favorability]] of Johnson and the presidents who succeeded him Johnson tends to appear more towards the bottom of lists, typically excepting [[George W. Bush]] and [[Richard Nixon]], and sometimes [[Gerald Ford]].

Historian Kent Germany explains:<blockquote>The man who was elected to the White House by one of the widest margins in U.S. history and pushed through as much legislation as any other American politician now seems to be remembered best by the public for succeeding an assassinated hero, steering the country into a quagmire in Vietnam, cheating on his saintly wife, exposing his stitched-up belly, using profanity, picking up dogs by their ears, swimming naked with advisers in the White House pool, and emptying his bowels while conducting official business. Of all those issues, Johnson's reputation suffers the most from his management of the Vietnam War, something that has overshadowed his civil rights and domestic policy accomplishments and caused Johnson himself to regret his handling of "the woman I really loved—the Great Society."<ref>Kent B. Germany, "Historians and the Many Lyndon Johnsons: A Review Essay" ''Journal of Southern History'' (2009) 75#4 pp 1001–1028 at p. 1005. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/27779121 in JSTOR]</ref></blockquote>

===Memorials===
{{see also|List of memorials to Lyndon B. Johnson}}
The Manned Spacecraft Center in [[Houston]] was renamed the [[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]] in 1973,<ref>{{cite news |last=McElheny |first=Victor K. |title=Houston Space Center Is Rededicated to Johnson: New Stamp Issued |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 28, 1973 |page=24 |url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50811FC345F107A93CAAB1783D85F478785F9 }}</ref> and the [[United States Department of Education]] headquarters was named after Johnson in 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/03/20070323-6.html |work=[[whitehouse.gov]] |title=President Bush Signs H.R. 584, Designates U.S. Department of Education as the Lyndon Baines Johnson Federal Building |via=[[NARA|National Archives]] |access-date=October 6, 2008}}</ref> The [[Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs]] at the University of Texas at Austin was named in his honor, as is the [[Lyndon B. Johnson National Grassland]]. Also named for him are schools in Austin and [[Laredo, Texas|Laredo]], Texas; [[Melbourne, Florida]]; and [[Jackson, Kentucky]]. [[Interstate 635 (Texas)|Interstate 635]] in [[Dallas]] is named the Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway. The [[Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac]] was dedicated in 1976.

Johnson was awarded the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] posthumously in 1980.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wolley |first1=John T. |first2=Gerhard |last2=Peters |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=45389 |title=Jimmy Carter, XXXIX President of the United States: 1977–1981, Presidential Medal of Freedom Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony, June 9, 1980 |date=June 9, 1980 |work=The American Presidency Project |publisher=www.presidency.ucsb.edu |access-date=February 11, 2011 |archive-date=July 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720075032/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=45389 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Texas created a state holiday on August 27 to mark Johnson's birthday, known as [[Lyndon Baines Johnson Day]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Birthday of Johnson Now Texas Holiday |newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 30, 1973 |page=45 |author=United Press International |url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40716F738551A7493C2AA178ED85F478785F9}}</ref>

===Major legislation signed===
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* 1963: [[Clean Air Act (United States)|Clean Air Act]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=26421 |title=Remarks Upon Signing the Clean Air Act |publisher=John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project |access-date=November 22, 2010}}</ref>
* 1963: Higher Education Facilities Act<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.higher-ed.org/resources/facilities_bill.htm |title=Facilities Act of December&nbsp;16, 1963 |publisher=Higher-Ed.org |access-date=November 22, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=26387 |title=Remarks Upon Signing the Higher Education Facilities Act |publisher=John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project |access-date=November 22, 2010}}</ref>
* 1963: Vocational Education Act<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=26454&st=&st1= |title=Remarks Upon Signing the Vocational Education Bill |publisher=John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project |access-date=November 22, 2010}}</ref>
* 1964: [[Civil Rights Act of 1964|Civil Rights Act]]
* 1964: [[Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964|Urban Mass Transportation Act]]
* 1964: [[Wilderness Act]]
* 1964: Nurse Training Act<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=26484 |title=Remarks Upon Signing the Nurse Training Act of 1964 |publisher=John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project |access-date=February 25, 2011}}</ref>
* 1964: [[Food Stamp Program|Food Stamp Act]]
* 1964: [[Economic Opportunity Act of 1964|Economic Opportunity Act]]
* 1964: Housing Act<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=26475&st=&st1= |title=Remarks Upon Signing the Housing Act |publisher=John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project |access-date=November 22, 2010}}</ref>
* 1965: [[Higher Education Act of 1965|Higher Education Act]]
* 1965: [[Older Americans Act]]
* 1965: [[Coinage Act of 1965|Coinage Act]]
* 1965: [[Social Security Act of 1965|Social Security Act]]
* 1965: [[Voting Rights Act of 1965|Voting Rights Act]]
* 1965: [[Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965|Immigration and Nationality Services Act]]
* 1966: [[Animal Welfare Act of 1966|Animal Welfare Act]]
* 1966: [[Freedom of Information Act (United States)|Freedom of Information Act]]
* 1967: [[Age Discrimination in Employment Act]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://finduslaw.com/age_discrimination_in_employment_act_of_1967_adea_29_u_s_code_chapter_14 |title=Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 |publisher=Finduslaw.com |access-date=June 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111208062408/http://finduslaw.com/age_discrimination_in_employment_act_of_1967_adea_29_u_s_code_chapter_14 |archive-date=December 8, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 1967: [[Public Broadcasting Act of 1967|Public Broadcasting Act]]
* 1968: [[Architectural Barriers Act of 1968|Architectural Barriers Act]]
* 1968: [[Bilingual Education Act]]
* 1968: [[Civil Rights Act of 1968|Civil Rights Act]]
* 1968: [[Gun Control Act of 1968|Gun Control Act]]
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===Significant regulatory changes===
* 1968: [[Federal Communications Commission|FCC]] creates national emergency number [[9-1-1]]