Berlin

===Research===
[[File:Berlin Adlershof Photonics Center 2016.jpg|thumb|right|The [[WISTA Science and Technology Park]] in [[Berlin-Adlershof|Adlershof]]]]

The city has a high density of internationally renowned research institutions, such as the [[Fraunhofer Society]], the [[Leibniz Association]], the [[Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres|Helmholtz Association]], and the [[Max Planck Society]], which are independent of, or only loosely connected to its universities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ten institutions that dominated science in 2015|url=https://www.natureindex.com/news-blog/ten-institutions-that-dominated-science-in-twentyfifteen|website=Nature Index|date=20 April 2016 |access-date=20 April 2016|archive-date=24 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424082505/https://www.natureindex.com/news-blog/ten-institutions-that-dominated-science-in-twentyfifteen|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2012, around 65,000 professional scientists were working in [[research and development]] in the city.<ref name="berlin.de"/>

Berlin is one of the knowledge and innovation communities (KIC) of the [[European Institute of Innovation and Technology]] (EIT).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eit.europa.eu/home.html |title=European Institute of Innovation and Technology: Home |website=Europa (web portal) |access-date=8 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529152704/https://eit.europa.eu/home.html |archive-date=29 May 2010}}</ref> The KIC is based at the Center for Entrepreneurship at TU Berlin and has a focus in the development of IT industries. It partners with major multinational companies such as [[Siemens]], [[Deutsche Telekom]], and [[SAP SE|SAP]].<ref>{{cite web|title=EIT ICT Labs – Turn Europe into a global leader in ICT Innovation|url=https://www.entrepreneurship.tu-berlin.de/menue/masterprogramme_qualifizierung/eit_ict_labs/|website=Technische Universität Berlin Center for Entrepreneurship|access-date=25 October 2016|archive-date=26 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026162619/https://www.entrepreneurship.tu-berlin.de/menue/masterprogramme_qualifizierung/eit_ict_labs/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

One of Europe's successful research, business and technology [[List of technology centers|clusters]] is based at [[WISTA]] in [[Berlin-Adlershof]], with more than 1,000 affiliated firms, university departments and scientific institutions.<ref>{{cite web|title=Adlershof in Brief|url=https://www.adlershof.de/en/facts-figures/adlershof-in-numbers/|website=Adlershof.de|access-date=27 October 2016|archive-date=10 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010165349/https://www.adlershof.de/en/facts-figures/adlershof-in-numbers/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In addition to the university-affiliated libraries, the [[Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin]] is a major research library. Its two main locations are on Potsdamer Straße and on [[Unter den Linden]]. There are also 86 public libraries in the city.<ref name="berlin.de"/> [[ResearchGate]], a global social networking site for scientists, is based in Berlin.