Jimmy Carter

== Legacy ==
=== Public opinion ===
In exit polls from the 1976 presidential election, many voters still held Ford's pardon of Nixon against him.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/12/27/opinion/polls/main2301584.shtml |work=CBS News |title=Polls: Ford's Image Improved Over Time |date=December 27, 2006 |access-date=March 21, 2022 |archive-date=September 8, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908032831/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/12/27/opinion/polls/main2301584.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> By comparison, Carter was viewed as a sincere, honest, and well-meaning southerner.<ref name="Independent 2009-01-22" /> However, in the 1980 election, Reagan projected an easy self-confidence, in contrast to Carter's serious and introspective temperament. Carter was portrayed as pessimistic and indecisive in comparison to Reagan, who was known for his charm and delegation of tasks to subordinates.<ref name="NYT 1989-05-18">{{cite news |first=E. J. |last=Dionne |date=May 18, 1989 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/18/us/washington-talk-carter-begins-to-shed-negative-public-image.html |title=Washington Talk; Carter Begins to Shed Negative Public Image |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=January 28, 2009 |archive-date=May 24, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524021900/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/18/us/washington-talk-carter-begins-to-shed-negative-public-image.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Reagan used the economic issues, Iran hostage crisis, and lack of Washington cooperation to portray Carter as a weak and ineffectual leader. Carter was the first elected incumbent president since [[Herbert Hoover]] [[1932 United States presidential election|in 1932]] to lose a reelection bid.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/b/brinkley-unfinished.html |title=The Unfinished Presidency – Jimmy Carter's Journey Beyond the White House |website=The New York Times |year=1998 |access-date=November 27, 2015 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233450/https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/b/brinkley-unfinished.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Carter began his presidency with a 66&nbsp;percent approval rating,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/113923/History-Foretells-Obama-First-Job-Approval-Rating.aspx |title=What History Foretells for Obama's First Job Approval Rating |publisher=Gallup.com |date=January 22, 2009 |access-date=December 10, 2011 |archive-date=January 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111182110/http://www.gallup.com/poll/113923/History-Foretells-Obama-First-Job-Approval-Rating.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> which had dropped to 34&nbsp;percent approval by the time he left office, with 55&nbsp;percent disapproving.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/113770/Bush-Presidency-Closes-34-Approval-61-Disapproval.aspx |title=Bush Presidency Closes With 34% Approval, 61% Disapproval |publisher=Gallup.com |access-date=December 10, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090119053947/http://www.gallup.com/poll/113770/Bush-Presidency-Closes-34-Approval-61-Disapproval.aspx |archive-date=January 19, 2009}}</ref>

Carter's presidency was initially viewed by some scholars as a failure.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jimmy Carter's Legacy of Failure |url=http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Jimmy-Carter-s-Legacy-of-Failure-2483048.php <!-- also: https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/Jimmy-Carter-s-Legacy-of-Failure-2483048.php --> |date=December 12, 2006 |first=Cinnamon |last=Stillwell |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=July 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717125517/http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Jimmy-Carter-s-Legacy-of-Failure-2483048.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Jimmy Carter: Why He Failed |url=http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2000/01/21politics-hess |date=January 21, 2000 |publisher=Brookings Institution |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=July 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725153444/http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2000/01/21politics-hess |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |first=Ramesh |last=Ponnuru |title=In Carter's Shadow |url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1810305,00.html |magazine=Time |date=May 28, 2008 |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=July 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725145652/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1810305,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In the [[historical rankings of American presidents]], Carter's presidency has ranged from 18th to 34th place.<ref name="Jimmy Carter's Post-Presidency">{{cite web |title=Jimmy Carter's Post-Presidency |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-post-presidency/ |website=American Experience |publisher=PBS, WGBH |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=May 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506081425/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-post-presidency/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Brinkley, pp. 505–530.">Brinkley, pp. 505–530.</ref> The documentary ''[[Back Door Channels: The Price of Peace]]'' (2009) credits Carter's efforts at Camp David, which brought peace between Israel and Egypt, with bringing the only meaningful peace to the Middle East.<ref>{{cite web |last=Gibb |first=Lindsay |url=http://realscreen.com/2009/06/08/montecarlofest-20090608/ |title=Monte-Carlo TV fest opens with doc for first time |date=June 4, 2009 |access-date=June 12, 2012 |archive-date=March 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326204832/http://realscreen.com/2009/06/08/montecarlofest-20090608/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=WorldScreen.com – Archives |url=http://www.worldscreen.com/articles/display/21252 |website=worldscreen.com |access-date=June 22, 2015 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> His post-presidency activities have been favorably received. ''[[The Independent]]'' wrote, "Carter is widely considered a better man than he was a president."<ref name="Independent 2009-01-22">{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/presidents/jimmy-carter-1482922.html |title=Jimmy Carter:39th president – 1977–1981 |work=The Independent |location=London |date=January 22, 2009 |access-date=January 28, 2009 |archive-date=February 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223024100/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/presidents/jimmy-carter-1482922.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Although his presidency received a mixed reception, his [[peacekeeping]] and humanitarian efforts since he left office have made Carter renowned as one of the most successful ex-presidents in American history.<ref name="Jimmy Carter's Post-Presidency"/><ref name="Brinkley, pp. 505–530."/>

=== Awards and honors ===
{{Further|List of awards and honors received by Jimmy Carter}}

Carter received the [[American Academy of Achievement]]'s Golden Plate Award in 1984.<ref name="achievement.org" /> The [[Jimmy Carter Library and Museum]] was opened in 1986.<ref>{{cite news |first=Peter |last=Applebome |title=Carter Center: More Than the Past |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/30/travel/carter-center-more-than-the-past.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 30, 1993 |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=July 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705073105/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/30/travel/carter-center-more-than-the-past.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The following year, the [[Jimmy Carter National Historical Park]] was established as [[National Historic Site (United States)|a National Historic Site]]<ref>{{cite news |first=Najja |last=Parker |title=Guide to visiting Jimmy Carter Historical Park in Plains, Georgia |url=https://www.ajc.com/news/world/guide-visiting-jimmy-carter-historic-site-plains-georgia/VVYPV6Ni0LqcJ0UaPuQkWP/ |newspaper=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]] |date=May 9, 2018 |access-date=July 8, 2023 |archive-date=July 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708012111/https://www.ajc.com/news/world/guide-visiting-jimmy-carter-historic-site-plains-georgia/VVYPV6Ni0LqcJ0UaPuQkWP/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and in 2021, renamed as a national historical park.<ref>{{cite news |first=Alex |last=Jones |title=Jimmy Carter historic sites become national historic park |url=https://www.ajc.com/news/world/guide-visiting-jimmy-carter-historic-site-plains-georgia/VVYPV6Ni0LqcJ0UaPuQkWP/ |work=[[WTVM]] |date=January 15, 2021 |access-date=July 8, 2023 |archive-date=July 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708012349/https://www.wtvm.com/2021/01/15/jimmy-carter-historic-sites-become-national-historic-park/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1991, Carter was made an honorary member of [[Phi Beta Kappa]] at [[Kansas State University]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbk.org/presidents |title=PBK – Phi Beta Kappa Presidents |website=pbk.org |access-date=November 29, 2019 |archive-date=November 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118101012/https://www.pbk.org/presidents |url-status=live }}</ref> and was elected to the [[American Philosophical Society]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Jimmy+Carter&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=April 14, 2022 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> In 1998, the U.S. Navy named the third and [[USS Jimmy Carter|last ''Seawolf''-class submarine]], honoring Carter and his service as a submariner officer.<ref>{{cite web |last=McIntyre |first=Jamie |date=April 8, 1998 |title=Navy to name submarine after former president Jimmy Carter |url=http://edition.cnn.com/US/9804/08/carter.sub/ |work=CNN|access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622200204/http://edition.cnn.com/US/9804/08/carter.sub/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Carter received the [[United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights]], given in honor of human rights achievements,<ref>{{cite web |title=HR Prize – List of previous recipients |url=http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/HRPrizeListofpreviousrecipients.aspx |publisher=[[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=April 8, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408010114/http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/HRPrizeListofpreviousrecipients.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[Hoover Medal]], recognizing engineers who have contributed to global causes.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.asme.org/about-asme/get-involved/honors-awards/unit-awards/hoover-awards/1998 |title=James Earl Carter Jr 1998 – ASME |access-date=July 13, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714192308/https://www.asme.org/about-asme/get-involved/honors-awards/unit-awards/hoover-awards/1998 |archive-date=July 14, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Carter's 2002 [[Nobel Peace Prize]]<ref>{{cite press release |title=The Nobel Peace Prize for 2002 to Jimmy Carter |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2002/press.html |publisher=Nobel Foundation |date=October 11, 2002 |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=July 1, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701001814/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2002/press.html |url-status=live }}</ref> was partially a response to president George W. Bush's threats of war against Iraq and Carter's criticism of the Bush administration.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jimmy Carter wins Nobel Peace Prize |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/10/11/carter.nobel/index.html |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091121014447/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/10/11/carter.nobel/index.html |archive-date=November 21, 2009 |url-status=live |work=CNN|date=October 11, 2002}}</ref> In 2009, the [[Souther Field]] Airport in [[Americus, Georgia]], was renamed [[Jimmy Carter Regional Airport]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Jimmy Carter Regional Airport Becomes a Reality |url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/10/11/jimmy-carter-regional-airport-reality/ |date=October 11, 2009 |agency=Associated Press |work=Fox News |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707030437/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/10/11/jimmy-carter-regional-airport-reality/ |archive-date=July 7, 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Carter has been nominated nine times for the [[Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album]] for audio recordings of his books, and has won three times—for ''[[Our Endangered Values]]: America's Moral Crisis'' (2007), ''[[A Full Life: Reflections at 90]]'' (2016) and ''Faith: A Journey For All'' (2018).<ref>{{cite news |author=Gregory Krieg |title=Former President Jimmy Carter wins Grammy Award |work=CNN|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/02/15/politics/jimmy-carter-grammy-award-spoken-word/ |date=February 15, 2016 |access-date=March 21, 2022 |archive-date=September 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924221903/https://www.cnn.com/2016/02/15/politics/jimmy-carter-grammy-award-spoken-word/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first1=Jeff |last1=Leeds |first2=Lorne |last2=Manly |title=Defiant Dixie Chicks Are Big Winners at the Grammys |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/12/arts/music/12gram.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=February 12, 2007 |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=June 22, 2015 |archive-date=July 14, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714142349/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/12/arts/music/12gram.html?_r=0 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Judy Kurtz, [https://thehill.com/blogs/in-the-know/262293-jimmy-carter-up-for-another-grammy/ Jimmy Carter up for another Grammy] , ''The Hill'' (December 7, 2015).</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Karanth |first1=Sanjana |title=Jimmy Carter Wins 2019 Grammy Award For Spoken Word Album |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/jimmy-carter-grammys-spoken-word-album_us_5c60b896e4b0eec79b24c9cc?guccounter=1 |website=HuffPost |date=February 11, 2019 |access-date=February 11, 2019 |archive-date=February 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212011336/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/jimmy-carter-grammys-spoken-word-album_us_5c60b896e4b0eec79b24c9cc?guccounter=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On February 21, 2024, the [[White House Historical Association]] unveiled its official 2024 White House Christmas ornament honoring Carter's naval service and efforts for peace. This was the first time a president being honored was alive at the time of the unveiling.<ref name="2024 ornament">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tSSQFo97Mg "Jimmy Carter becomes first president to live to see White House ornament honoring his legacy"], [[Associated Press]], February 21, 2024</ref>