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Do not fill this in! ==References== {{reflist|colwidth=18em}} ===Bibliography=== {{Further|Exploration}} ====Primary sources==== {{Refbegin|35em}} * {{cite book|last=Castillo|first=Bernal Díaz del, John Michael Cohen|title=The conquest of New Spain|publisher=Penguin Classics|orig-date=1632|year=1963|isbn=978-0-14-044123-9|url=https://archive.org/details/conquestofnewspa00diaz|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/conquestofnewspa00diaz/page/n2 1]|ref=Castillo 1963|author-link=Bernal Díaz del Castillo|access-date=2011-06-16}} * {{cite book|last=Galvano|first=Antonio|title=The Discoveries of the World from Their First Original Unto the Year of Our Lord 1555, issued by the Hakluyt Society|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|orig-date=1563|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XivHTiZoMycC&pg=1|isbn=978-0-7661-9022-1|ref=Galvano 1563|author-link=António Galvão|access-date=2011-06-16|date=2004-03-01}}{{Dead link|date=July 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{cite book|last=Linschoten|first=Jan Huyghen van |title=Voyage to Goa and Back, 1583–1592, with His Account of the East Indies: From Linschoten's Discourse of Voyages, in 1598 |publisher=New Delhi, AES|orig-date=1598|year=2004|isbn=978-81-206-1928-9|ref=Linschoten 1598|author-link=Jan Huyghen van Linschoten}} * {{cite book|last=Mancall|first=Peter C.|title=Travel narratives from the age of discovery: an anthology|publisher=Oxford University Press US|year=2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hNUROuYfFb4C&pg=1|isbn=978-0-19-515597-6|ref=Mancall 2006|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726071913/https://books.google.com/books?id=hNUROuYfFb4C&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Pires|first=Tomé, Armando Cortesão, Francisco Rodrigues|title=The Suma oriental of Tome Pires: an account of the East, from the Red Sea to China, written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515; and, The book of Francisco Rodrigues: Pilot-Major of the armada that discovered Banda and the Moluccas|publisher=Asian Educational Services|orig-date=1512|year=1990|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h82D-Y0E3TwC&pg=1|isbn=978-81-206-0535-0|ref=Pires 1512|author-link=Tomé Pires|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520133454/https://books.google.com/books?id=h82D-Y0E3TwC&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite web|title=Real Cédula aprobando la capitulación concedida por Carlos V a Francisco Pizarro para la conquista y población del Perú|publisher=Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes|url=http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/historia/CarlosV/9_9.shtml|access-date=17 June 2010|ref=Cervantes web|language=es|archive-date=11 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811120811/http://bib.cervantesvirtual.com/historia/CarlosV/9_9.shtml|url-status=live}} {{refend}} ====Secondary works==== {{Refbegin|35em}} * {{cite book|last=Abu-Lughod|first=Janet|title=Before European Hegemony: The World System A.D. 1250–1350|publisher=Oxford University Press US|year=1991|isbn=978-0-19-506774-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rYlgGU2SLiQC&q=1&pg=PP1|ref=Abu-Lughod 1991|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522204840/https://books.google.com/books?id=rYlgGU2SLiQC&q=1&pg=PP1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Anderson|first=James Maxwell|title=The history of Portugal|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2000|isbn=978-0-313-31106-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UoryGn9o4x0C&pg=1|ref=Anderson 2000|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407215801/https://books.google.com/books?id=UoryGn9o4x0C&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Arciniegas|first=Germán|title=Amerigo and the New World: The Life & Times of Amerigo Vespucci|publisher=Octagon Books|year=1978|isbn=978-0-374-90280-3|ref=Arciniegas 1978}} * {{cite book|last=Armesto|first=Felipe Fernandez|title=Pathfinders: A Global History of Exploration|publisher=W.W. Norton & Company|year=2006|url=https://archive.org/details/pathfindersgloba00fern|isbn=978-0-393-06259-5|ref=Fernandez-Armesto 2006}} * {{cite book|last=Arnold|first=David|title=The Age of Discovery, 1400–1600, Lancaster pamphlets|publisher=Routledge|year=2002|isbn=978-0-415-27996-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YGufteqeJA4C&pg=1|ref=Arnold 2002|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520144448/https://books.google.com/books?id=YGufteqeJA4C&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Boxer|first=Charles Ralph|title=The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415–1825|publisher=Hutchinson|year=1969|isbn=978-0-09-131071-4|author-link=C. R. Boxer|url=https://archive.org/details/portugueseseabor0000boxe|url-access=registration|ref=Boxer 1969|access-date=2011-06-16}} * {{cite book|last=Boxer|first=Charles Ralph|title=The Dutch seaborne empire, 1600–1800|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=1977|isbn=978-0-09-131051-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fx4OAAAAQAAJ&pg=1|ref=Boxer 1977|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522204841/https://books.google.com/books?id=Fx4OAAAAQAAJ&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Braudel|first=Fernand|title=The Wheels of Commerce, vol. II of Civilization and Capitalism 15th–18th Century|publisher=University of California Press|orig-date=1979|year=1992|isbn=978-0-520-08115-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WPDbSXQsvGIC&pg=1|ref=Braudel 1979|author-link=Fernand Braudel|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2021-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414133041/https://books.google.com/books?id=WPDbSXQsvGIC&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Braudel|first=Fernand|title=The perspective of the world|publisher=University of California Press|orig-date=1985|year=1992|isbn=978-0-520-08116-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xMZI2QEer9QC&pg=1|ref=Braudel 1985|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520143804/https://books.google.com/books?id=xMZI2QEer9QC&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Brook|first=Timothy|title=The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China|publisher=University of California Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0-520-22154-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YuMcHWWbXqMC&pg=1|ref=Brook 1998|author-link=Timothy Brook (historian)|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520144004/https://books.google.com/books?id=YuMcHWWbXqMC&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Burns|first=William E.|title=The scientific revolution: an encyclopædia|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2001|isbn=978-0-87436-875-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=59ITUOLbVkoC&pg=1|ref=Burns 2001|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520144448/https://books.google.com/books?id=59ITUOLbVkoC&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Butel|first=Paul|title=The Atlantic|publisher=Routledge|year=1999|isbn=978-0-415-10690-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GL83BE8oVcwC&pg=1|ref=Butel 1999|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910155323/https://books.google.com/books?id=GL83BE8oVcwC&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Cole|first=Juan Ricardo|title=Sacred Space and Holy War|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=2002|isbn=978-1-86064-736-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntarP5hrza0C&pg=1|ref=Cole 2002|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520152831/https://books.google.com/books?id=ntarP5hrza0C&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Cook|first=Noble David|title=Born to die: disease and New World conquest, 1492–1650|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0-521-62730-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dvjNyZTFrS4C&pg=1|ref=Cole 2002|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407192321/https://books.google.com/books?id=dvjNyZTFrS4C&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Crosby|first=Alfred W. Jr|title=The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492|edition=30th Anniversary|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|orig-date=1972|year=2003|isbn=978-0-275-98092-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7yClMF7IQt8C&pg=1|ref=Crosby 1972|author-link=Alfred W. Crosby|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522215448/https://books.google.com/books?id=7yClMF7IQt8C&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book |last=Cromer |first=Alan |title=Uncommon Sense: The Heretical Nature of Science |publisher=Oxford University Press US |year=1995 |isbn=978-0-19-509636-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8cT2C87tb-sC&q=Zheng+He+voyages&pg=PA117 |ref=Cromer 1995 |access-date=2011-06-16 |archive-date=2021-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414073220/https://books.google.com/books?id=8cT2C87tb-sC&q=Zheng+He+voyages&pg=PA117 |url-status=live }} * {{cite book|last=Crow|first=John A.|title=The Epic of Latin America|publisher=University of California Press|year=1992|isbn=978-0-520-07723-2|url=https://archive.org/details/epicoflatinameri00crow|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/epicoflatinameri00crow/page/136 136]|ref=Crow 1992|access-date=2011-06-16}} * {{cite book|last=Daus|first=Ronald |title=Die Erfindung des Kolonialismus |publisher=Peter Hammer Verlag|year=1983 |location=Wuppertal/Germany|isbn=978-3-87294-202-9 |ref=Daus 1983}} * {{cite book|last=Davenport|first=Frances Gardiner|title=European Treaties Bearing on the History of the United States and Its Dependencies to 1648|publisher=Washington, DC: Carnegie Institute of Washington|year=1917|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_uLILAAAAIAAJ|ref=Davenport 1917|access-date=2011-06-16}} * {{cite book|last=De Lamar|first=Jensen|title=Renaissance Europe: age of recovery and reconciliation|publisher=D.C. Heath|year=1992|isbn=978-0-669-20007-2|ref=DeLamar 1992|author-link=De Lamar Jensen|url=https://archive.org/details/renaissanceeurop00dela}} * {{cite book|last=Diffie|first=Bailey|title=Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415–1580|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|year=1977|isbn=978-0-8166-0782-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZtMBLJ7GgC|ref=Diffie 1977|author-link=Bailey W. Diffie|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2016-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128183431/https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZtMBLJ7GgC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Diffie|first=Bailey|title=Prelude to empire: Portugal overseas before Henry the Navigator|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|year=1960|isbn=978-0-8032-5049-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IjBfEorbZWAC|ref=Diffie 1960|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2021-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414132950/https://books.google.com/books?id=IjBfEorbZWAC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Dymytryshyn|first=Basil, E.A.P. Crownhart-Vaughan, Thomas Vaughan|title=Russia's conquest of Siberia, 1558–1700: a documentary record|publisher=Western Imprints, The Press of the Oregon Historical Society|year=1985|isbn=978-0-8032-5049-9|url=http://www.rulex.ru/01220001.htm|language=ru|ref=Dymytryshyn 1985|access-date=2016-02-10|archive-date=2013-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130626164205/http://www.rulex.ru/01220001.htm|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Donkin|first=R.A.|title=Between east and west: the Moluccas and the traffic in spices up to the arrival of Europeans|publisher=Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, Diane Publishing|year=2003|isbn=978-0-87169-248-1|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_B4IFMnssyqgC|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_B4IFMnssyqgC/page/n18 1]|ref=Donkin 2003|access-date=2011-06-16}} * {{cite book |last=Dunn |first=Ross E. |title=The adventures of Ibn Battuta, a Muslim traveler of the fourteenth century |year=2004 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-24385-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Js8qHFVw2gEC&pg=1 |ref=Dunn 2004 |access-date=2011-06-16 |archive-date=2022-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520152831/https://books.google.com/books?id=Js8qHFVw2gEC&pg=1 |url-status=live }} * {{cite book|last=Dunton|first=Larkin|title=The World and Its People|url=https://archive.org/details/worldanditspeop05duntgoog|publisher=Silver, Burdett|year=1896|ref=Dunton 1896}} * {{cite book|last=Ebrey|first=Patricia Buckley, Anne Walthall, James B. Palais|title=East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|year=2006–2008|isbn=978-0-618-13384-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I7Pf-X2VuokC|ref=Ebrey 2006|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2021-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414072656/https://books.google.com/books?id=I7Pf-X2VuokC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book |last=Fisher|first=Raymond H. |title=The Voyage of Semen Dezhnev in 1648 |publisher=The Hakluyt Society |year=1981|isbn=978-0-904180-07-7|ref=Fisher 1981}} * {{cite book|last=Fiske|first=John|title=The Discovery of America: With Some Account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|year=1892–2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bG1kIHQn_6wC|isbn=978-1-110-32015-8|ref=Fiske 1892|author-link=John Fiske (philosopher)|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2021-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414073224/https://books.google.com/books?id=bG1kIHQn_6wC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Forbes|first=Jack D.|title=Africans and Native Americans: the language of race and the evolution of Red-Black peoples|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6aLAeB5QiHAC&pg=1|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-06321-3|ref=Forbes 1993|year=1993|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2022-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407010233/https://books.google.com/books?id=6aLAeB5QiHAC&pg=1|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Gernet|first=Jacques|title=Daily life in China, on the eve of the Mongol invasion, 1250–1276|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1962|url=https://archive.org/details/dailylifeinchina00gernrich|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/dailylifeinchina00gernrich/page/n0 1]|isbn=978-0-8047-0720-6|ref=Gernet 1962|access-date=2011-06-16}} * {{cite book|last=Gitzen|first=Garry|title=Francis Drake in Nehalem Bay 1579, Setting the Historical Record Straight|publisher=Fort Nehalem|year=2011|url=http://www.fortnehalem.net/|ref=Gitzen 2011|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2011-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111017221846/http://www.fortnehalem.net/|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Goodrich |first=Luther Carrington, Chao-ying Fang, Ming Biographical History Project Committee – Association for Asian Studies. |title=Dictionary of Ming biography, 1368–1644|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1976|isbn=978-0-231-03833-1|ref=AAS 1976}} * {{cite book |last=Gutierrez |first=Ramon A, and Richard J. Orsi |title=Contested Eden: California before the Gold Rush |publisher=University of California Press |year=1998 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nWXbXmUQ8ZUC&pg=1 |isbn=978-0-520-21274-9 |ref=Gutierrez 1998 |access-date=2011-06-16 |archive-date=2022-05-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522204840/https://books.google.com/books?id=nWXbXmUQ8ZUC&pg=1 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last=Hacquebord |first=Louwrens |title=In Search of ''Het Behouden Huys'': A Survey of the Remains of the House of Willem Barentsz on Novaya Zemlya |journal=Arctic |volume=48 |issue=3 |date=September 1995 |page=250 |url=http://pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca/arctic/Arctic48-3-248.pdf |access-date=2009-03-08 |ref=Hacquebord 1995 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327084815/http://pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca/arctic/Arctic48-3-248.pdf |archive-date=27 March 2009 |url-status=live |doi=10.14430/arctic1246 |citeseerx=10.1.1.505.5702 }} * {{cite book|last=Hochstrasser|first=Julie |title=Still life and trade in the Dutch golden age|publisher=Yale University Press |year=2007|isbn=978-0-300-10038-9 |ref=Hochstrasser 2007}} * {{cite book|last=Howard|first=David and John Ayers |title=China for the West: Chinese Porcelain and other Decorative Arts for Export, Illustrated from the Mottahedeh Collection|publisher=London and New York: Sotheby Parke Bernet |year=1978|ref=Howard 1978}} * {{cite book|last=Lach|first=Donald F., Edwin J. Van Kley|title=Asia in the Making of Europe, Volume III: A Century of Advance. Book 3: Southeast Asia|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=1998|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M4t8S7BfgeIC&q=ternate%20tidore%20portuguese%20spanish%20conflict&pg=PA1397|isbn=978-0-226-46768-9|ref=Lach 1998|access-date=2011-06-16|archive-date=2021-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414132419/https://books.google.com/books?id=M4t8S7BfgeIC&q=ternate%20tidore%20portuguese%20spanish%20conflict&pg=PA1397|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Lawson|first=Edward W.|title=The Discovery of Florida and Its Discoverer Juan Ponce de Leon |publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year=2007|isbn=978-1-4325-6124-6|ref=Lawson 2007}} * {{cite book|last=Lincoln|first=W. 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