United States Armed Forces

===Space Force modernization===
{{main|Space Warfighting Analysis Center}}
[[File:Rocketcargo image.jpg|thumb|Concept for a Space Force [[Rocket Cargo]] program conducting humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations]]
While a new service, the U.S. Space Force is undergoing intensive modernization efforts. The [[Deep Space Advanced Radar Capability]] (DARC) is intended to track objects in [[geosynchronous orbit]] with three sites, one in the United States, one in the Indo-Pacific, and one in Europe.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://breakingdefense.com/2022/06/space-force-says-darc-software-on-track-following-gao-concerns/ | title=Space Force says DARC software on track, following GAO concerns | date=16 June 2022 }}</ref>

[[File:Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway with approaching Orion spacecraft.jpg|thumb|[[NASA]]'s return to the Moon through the [[Artemis program]] is leading to a greater emphasis on cislunar domain awareness]]
Oracle, a spacecraft developed by the [[Air Force Research Laboratory]] for the Space Force, will demonstrate technologies that the space service needs for cislunar domain awareness – tracking objects outside of geosynchronous orbit and between Earth and the Moon. The spacecraft itself will launch to an area of gravitational stability between the Earth and the Moon to conduct operations, using a wide-field sensor and a more sensitive narrow field sensor to discover and maintain custody of objects operating in this region. Oracle will directly support [[NASA]]'s [[Artemis program]] as it returns to the Moon and track potentially hazardous near-Earth objects in support of [[planetary defense]] operations.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://afresearchlab.com/technology/oracle/ | title=ORACLE – Air Force Research Laboratory }}</ref>

Also an Air Force Research Laboratory program for the Space Force, Arachne is the keystone experiment in the [[Space Solar Power Incremental Demonstrations and Research Project]], which aims to prove and mature essential technologies for a prototype [[space-based solar power]] transmission system capable of powering a [[forward operating base]]. Arachne will specifically demonstrate and mature technologies related to more efficient energy generation, radio frequency forming, and radio frequency beam beaming. Current forward operation bases rely on significant logistics convoys to transport fuel for power – space-based solar power would move these supply lines to space, where they are unable to be easily attacked. Much how GPS started as a military program and was opened to civilian use, Space Force provided space-based solar power could transition to common use as well.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://afresearchlab.com/technology/arachne/ | title=ARACHNE – Air Force Research Laboratory }}</ref> Other space-based power beaming demonstrators include the Space Power InfraRed Regulation and Analysis of Lifetime (SPIRRAL) and Space Power INcremental DepLoyable Experiment (SPINDLE) experiments.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space-power-beaming/ | title=SPACE POWER BEAMING – Air Force Research Laboratory }}</ref>

[[File:Solar power satellite sandwich or abascus concept.jpg|thumb|Concept for a [[space-based solar power]] spacecraft]]
The Navigation Technology Satellite-3 (NTS-3), building on the Space Force's [[Global Positioning System]] constellation, is an Air Force Research Laboratory spacecraft that will operate in geosynchronous orbit to test advanced techniques and technologies to detect and mitigate interference to positioning, navigation, and timing capabilities and increase system resiliency for military, civil, and commercial users. NTS-3 is a Vanguard program, which mark potentially game changing technologies.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space-vehicles/successstories/nts-3 | title=NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGY SATELLITE – 3 (NTS-3) – Air Force Research Laboratory | access-date=5 March 2023 | archive-date=5 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305041227/https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space-vehicles/successstories/nts-3 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

The Space Force's [[Rocket Cargo]] program is another Air Force Research Laboratory Vanguard program, which is focused on leasing space launch services to quickly transport military materiel to ports across the globe. If proven viable, the Space Force's [[Space Systems Command]] is responsible for transitioning it to a program of record. [[United States Transportation Command]] would be the primary user of this capability, rapidly launching up to 100 tons of cargo anywhere in the world.<ref name="auto11"/>