Toronto

=== Government ===
Toronto is a [[single-tier municipality]] governed by a [[Mayor–council government|mayor–council system]]. The structure of the municipal government is stipulated by the ''City of Toronto Act''. The mayor of Toronto is elected by direct popular vote to serve as the [[Head of government|chief executive]] of the city. The [[Toronto City Council]] is a [[unicameralism|unicameral]] legislative body, comprising 25 councillors, since the [[2018 Toronto municipal election|2018 municipal election]], representing geographical [[Ward (electoral subdivision)|wards]] throughout the city.<ref name="Council Members" /> The mayor and members of the city council serve four-year terms without [[term limit]]s. (Until the [[2006 Toronto municipal election|2006 municipal election]], the mayor and city councillors served three-year terms.)
[[File:Cityhalltoronto1.JPG|thumb|left|[[Toronto City Hall]] is the seat of the [[municipal government of Toronto]].]]
As of 2016, the city council has twelve standing committees, each consisting of a chair (some have a vice-chair) and several councillors.<ref name="TCC">{{cite web |title=Toronto City Council and Committees |url=http://app.toronto.ca/tmmis/decisionBodyList.do?function=prepareDisplayDBList |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708052705/http://app.toronto.ca/tmmis/decisionBodyList.do?function=prepareDisplayDBList |archive-date=July 8, 2016 |access-date=July 17, 2016 |publisher=City of Toronto}}</ref> The mayor names the committee chairs and the remaining members of the committees are appointed by city council. An executive committee is formed by the chairs of each standing committee, the mayor, the deputy mayor and four other councillors. Councillors are also appointed to oversee the Toronto Transit Commission and the [[Toronto Police Services Board]].

The city has four community councils that consider local matters. The City council has delegated final decision-making authority on local, routine matters, while others—like planning and zoning issues—are recommended to the city council. Each city councillor serves as a member of a community council.<ref name="TCC" />

There are about 40 subcommittees and advisory committees appointed by the city council. These bodies are made up of city councillors and private citizen volunteers. Examples include the Pedestrian Committee, Waste Diversion Task Force 2010, and the [[Task Force to Bring Back the Don]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of committees, task forces and round tables |url=http://www.toronto.ca/committees/directory.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070403113800/http://www.toronto.ca/committees/directory.htm |archive-date=April 3, 2007 |access-date=March 18, 2007 |publisher=City of Toronto}}</ref>

The City of Toronto had an approved operating budget of {{CAD|13.53 billion}} in 2020 and a ten-year capital budget and plan of {{CAD|43.5 billion}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Toronto city council approves 2020 budget, homeowners to see 4.24% property tax increase |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/6568733/toronto-council-budget-meeting/ |date=February 19, 2020 |first1=Matthew |last1=Bingley |access-date=June 13, 2020 |website=Global News |language=en |archive-date=June 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613121400/https://globalnews.ca/news/6568733/toronto-council-budget-meeting/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The city's revenues include subsidies from the [[Government of Canada]] and the Government of Ontario (for programs mandated by those governments), 33 per cent from property tax, 6 per cent from the land transfer tax and the rest from other tax revenues and user fees.<ref name="cot-chart">{{cite web |title=Budget 2017 Charts |url=https://www1.toronto.ca/City%20Of%20Toronto/Strategic%20Communications/City%20Budget/2017/PDFs/Where%20the%20money%20goes%202017%20CA.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170726105036/https://www1.toronto.ca/City%20Of%20Toronto/Strategic%20Communications/City%20Budget/2017/PDFs/Where%20the%20money%20goes%202017%20CA.pdf |archive-date=July 26, 2017 |access-date=September 13, 2017 |publisher=City of Toronto }}</ref> The city's largest operating expenditures are the Toronto Transit Commission at {{CAD|2.14 billion}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=TTC seeks to raise fares by 10 cents in 2020 budget proposal  |url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2019/12/13/ttc-fare-increase-2020-budget-proposal/ |access-date=June 13, 2020 |website=CityNews Toronto |date=December 13, 2019 |archive-date=June 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613121358/https://toronto.citynews.ca/2019/12/13/ttc-fare-increase-2020-budget-proposal/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[Toronto Police Service]], {{CAD|1.22 billion}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fox |first=Chris |date=June 10, 2020 |title=Tory says he won't support 'arbitrary' cuts to the $1.22B police budget |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/tory-says-he-won-t-support-arbitrary-cuts-to-the-1-22b-police-budget-1.4977626 |access-date=June 13, 2020 |website=CP24 |language=en |archive-date=June 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613030940/https://www.cp24.com/news/tory-says-he-won-t-support-arbitrary-cuts-to-the-1-22b-police-budget-1.4977626 |url-status=live }}</ref>