Religion

=== New religious movements ===
{{Main|New religious movement}}
{{See also|List of new religious movements}}
* The [[Baháʼí Faith]] teaches the unity of all religious philosophies.<ref name="bahai.org" />
* [[Cao Đài]] is a [[Syncretism|syncretistic]], [[Monotheism|monotheistic]] religion, established in [[Vietnam]] in 1926.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cao Dai {{!}} Vietnamese religion |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cao-Dai |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 January 2021 |language=en |archive-date=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107010729/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cao-Dai |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Eckankar]] is a [[Pantheism|pantheistic]] religion with the purpose of making God an everyday reality in one's life.<ref>{{cite web |title=What is Eckankar? Eckankar is Love, Wisdom and Freedom |url=https://www.eckankar.org/explore/what-is-eckankar/ |website=Eckankar |access-date=11 January 2021 |archive-date=19 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119133411/http://www.eckankar.org/explore/what-is-eckankar/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Epicureanism]] is a Hellenistic philosophy that is considered by many of its practitioners as a type of (sometimes non-theistic) religious identity. It has its own scriptures, a monthly "feast of reason" on the Twentieth and considers friendship to be holy.
* [[Hindu reform movements]], such as [[Ayyavazhi]], [[Swaminarayan Faith]] and [[Ananda Marga]], are examples of new religious movements within Indian religions.
* [[Japanese new religions]] ''(shinshukyo)'' is a general category for a wide variety of religious movements founded in Japan since the 19th century. These movements share almost nothing in common except the place of their founding. The largest religious movements centered in Japan include [[Soka Gakkai]], [[Tenrikyo]], and [[Seicho-No-Ie]] among hundreds of smaller groups.<ref>{{cite web |title=New Religious Movements: New Religious Movements in Japan {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/new-religious-movements-new-religious-movements-japan |website=www.encyclopedia.com |access-date=11 January 2021 |archive-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414042229/https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/new-religious-movements-new-religious-movements-japan |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], a [[Nontrinitarianism|non-trinitarian]] [[Christians|Christian]] Reformist movement sometimes described as [[millenarian]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thearda.com/timeline/movements/movement_23.asp|title=Movements &#124; Millenarian Movement &#124; Timeline &#124; The Association of Religion Data Archives|website=www.thearda.com|access-date=16 February 2022|archive-date=1 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801202241/https://www.thearda.com/timeline/movements/movement_23.asp|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Neo-Druidism]] is a religion promoting harmony with nature,<ref>{{cite book |title=World Druidry: A Globalizing Path of Nature Spirituality |first=Larisa A. |last=White |year=2021 |publisher=Larisa A. White |location=Belmont, California |isbn=978-1-7367792-0-0 |pages=253–255}}</ref> named after but not necessarily connected to the Iron Age [[druid]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/explore/highlights/article_index/d/the_druids.aspx |publisher=The British Museum |title=The Druids |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121223123600/http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/explore/highlights/article_index/d/the_druids.aspx |archive-date=23 December 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Modern pagan]] movements attempting to reconstruct or revive ancient [[pagan]] practices, such as [[Heathenry (new religious movement)|Heathenry]], [[Hellenism (religion)|Hellenism]], and [[Kemeticism]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Neo-Paganism {{!}} religion |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Neo-Paganism |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 January 2021 |language=en |archive-date=1 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101105558/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Neo-Paganism |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Noahidism]] is a monotheistic ideology based on the [[Seven Laws of Noah]],<ref>{{cite web |title=7 Noahide Laws » Judaism Humanity Noahidism |url=https://noahideworldcenter.org/7/ |website=The Seven Noahide Laws |access-date=11 January 2021 |archive-date=16 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216060611/https://noahideworldcenter.org/7-commandments/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and on their traditional interpretations within Rabbinic Judaism.
* Some forms of [[parody religion]] or fiction-based religion<ref name=Davidsen2013>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1080/14755610.2013.838798|title = Fiction-based religion: Conceptualising a new category against history-based religion and fandom| journal=Culture and Religion| volume=14| issue=4| pages=378–395|year = 2013|last1 = Davidsen|first1 = Markus Altena|hdl = 1887/48123|s2cid = 143778202|hdl-access=free}}</ref> like [[Jediism]], [[Pastafarianism]], [[Dudeism]], "Tolkien religion",<ref name=Davidsen2013 /> and others often develop their own writings, traditions, and cultural expressions, and end up behaving like traditional religions.
* [[Satanism]] is a broad category of religions that, for example, worship Satan as a deity ([[Theistic Satanism]]) or use Satan as a symbol of carnality and earthly values ([[LaVeyan Satanism]] and [[The Satanic Temple]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Satanism |url=https://www.history.com/topics/1960s/satanism |website=HISTORY |date=27 September 2019 |access-date=11 January 2021 |language=en |archive-date=30 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230201320/https://www.history.com/topics/1960s/satanism |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Scientology]] is a movement that has been defined as a [[cult]], a [[confidence trick|scam]], a [[Scientology as a business|commercial business]], or as a new religious movement.{{refn|name=sciento|<ref name=Bei03>{{cite journal|last=Beit-Hallahmi|first=Benjamin|title=Scientology: Religion or Racket?|author-link=Benjamin Beit-Hallahmi|journal=[[Marburg Journal of Religion]]|volume=8|number=1|date=September 2003|pages=1–56|publisher=[[University of Marburg]]|doi=10.17192/mjr.2003.8.3724|url=https://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/ep/0004/article/view/3724|doi-access=free|access-date=June 30, 2006}}</ref><ref name=timecult2>{{cite magazine|title=[[The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power]]|last=Behar|first=Richard|author-link=Richard Behar|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|TIME]]  |location=New York|date=May 6, 1991}}</ref><ref name=She20>{{cite book |last=Shermer|first=Michael|chapter=The Curious Case of Scientology|title=Giving the Devil his Due|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|url=https://www.cambridge.org/gb/academic/subjects/psychology/psychology-general-interest/giving-devil-his-due-reflections-scientific-humanist?format=HB|isbn=9781108489782|location=Cambridge|pages=93–103|year=2020}}</ref><ref name=ECRec1178>{{cite report |last1=Hunt |first1=John |last2=de Puig |first2=Luis |last3=Espersen| first3=Ole |date=February 5, 1992 |title=European Council, Recommendation 1178: Sects and New Religious Movements |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JRPz4_u7AxMC&pg=PA668 |location=Strasbourg|publisher=[[Council of Europe]] |access-date=June 30, 2019 |quote=It is a cool, cynical, manipulating business and nothing else.}}</ref><ref name="Westbrook18">{{cite journal |last1=Westbrook |first1=Donald A. |title=The Art of PR War: Scientology, the Media, and Legitimation Strategies for the 21st Century |journal=[[Studies in Religion|Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses]] |publisher=[[SAGE Publishing]]|date=August 10, 2018 |volume=47 |issue=3 |pages=373–395 |doi=10.1177/0008429818769404|s2cid=149581057 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Halupka |first=Max |title=The Church of Scientology: Legitimacy through Perception Management |journal=Politics and Religion |volume=7 |issue=3 |year=2014 |pages=613–630 |doi=10.1017/S1755048314000066 |s2cid=143524953}}</ref>}} Its mythological framework is similar to a [[UFO cult]] and includes references to [[Extraterrestrial life|aliens]], but is kept secret from most followers. It charges a fee for its central activity, called [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]], so is sometimes considered a commercial enterprise.<ref name=Bei03/><ref name=She20/>
* [[UFO Religion]]s in which extraterrestrial entities are an element of belief, such as [[Raëlism]], [[Aetherius Society]], and [[Marshall Vian Summers]]'s ''New Message from God''
* [[Unitarian Universalism]] is a religion characterized by support for a free and responsible search for truth and meaning, and has no accepted [[creed]] or [[theology]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Unitarianism and Universalism – English Unitarianism |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Unitarianism/English-Unitarianism |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 January 2021 |language=en |archive-date=22 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122200949/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Unitarianism/English-Unitarianism |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Wicca]] is a neo-pagan religion first popularised in 1954 by British civil servant [[Gerald Gardner]], involving the worship of a God and Goddess.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wicca {{!}} History, Beliefs, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Wicca |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 January 2021 |language=en |archive-date=27 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127210741/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Wicca |url-status=live }}</ref>